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Brinell Hardness Test

The document describes an experiment to determine the hardness of steel, brass, and aluminum materials using a Brinell hardness test. Steel and brass specimens were tested under a 3000kg load from a 10mm diameter ball indenter, while aluminum was tested under a 750kg load. The steel specimen had a larger indent diameter of 5.14mm compared to 3.27mm for the aluminum. This resulted in calculated Brinell hardness numbers of 134.38 for steel and 86.89 for aluminum, showing that steel is harder than aluminum.

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Ludik Carvalho
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62 views

Brinell Hardness Test

The document describes an experiment to determine the hardness of steel, brass, and aluminum materials using a Brinell hardness test. Steel and brass specimens were tested under a 3000kg load from a 10mm diameter ball indenter, while aluminum was tested under a 750kg load. The steel specimen had a larger indent diameter of 5.14mm compared to 3.27mm for the aluminum. This resulted in calculated Brinell hardness numbers of 134.38 for steel and 86.89 for aluminum, showing that steel is harder than aluminum.

Uploaded by

Ludik Carvalho
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SEGI UNIVERSITY

ECV3123/ EQS 3113 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

NAME: PAULO VICENTE MARIO DOS REIS FREITAS

COURSE: ECV3123 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

DATE: 11 MARCH 2022

EXPERIMENT: BRINELL'S HARDNESS TEST

Objective:

To determine the hardness number for a steel, brass and aluminum material.

Apparatus:

1. Brinell testing machine


2. 10mm ball indenter
3. Specimens
4. 20 times magnification microscope

Method:

1. Install the indenter according to the manufacturer's instruction.


2. Select the test weight, P (in kg) for the specimen. The ratio of test weight to the square of
the ball diameter, (P/D2) is as follows:
(a) Steel and brass = 30
(b) Aluminum and copper = 7.5 - 10
(c) Non ferrous material = 10
Therefore for steel and brass the test force is 3000 kg or 29430 N, and for aluminum 750
kg, or 7355 N.
3. Load the test weight on the pendent according to the following combinations:
Test weight Load combination on pendent
3000 kg pendent + 1.25 kg (1 Nos) + 5 kg (1 Nos) + 10 kg (5 Nos)
1000 kg pendent + 1.25 kg (1 Nos) + 5 kg (1 Nos) + 10 kg (1 Nos)
750 kg pendent + 1.25 kg (1 Nos) + 10 kg (1 Nos)
4. Set the holding time of the test to 15 secs. Use the ▲▼ keys to increase of decrease the
set time.
5. Place the specimen on the anvil.
6. Turn the handwheel until it locks.
7. Press the start button to load the specimen.
8. Loading and unloading process is automatically done by the machine.
9. When unloading is complete, lower the anvil by turning the handwheel in the opposite
direction.
10. Remove the specimen and place it on a flat surface.
11. Use the microscope to measure the diameter of the dent made by the indenter.
12. Set the microscope scale to 0.0.
13. Place the microscope over the dent such that the 0 scale is at the edge of the dent.

FIG 1
14. Locate the position of the moving vertical line. The line should be within the dent. If not
turn the micrometer to set the line to any position within the dent.
15. Set the micrometer scale to zero.
16. Turn the dial until the moving vertical line coincide with the opposite edge.

FIG 2
17. Read the position of the vertical line on the scale in the microscope. This will give the
integer value of the diameter of the dent.
18. Read the micrometer reading and add it to the integer reading to get the final diameter of
the dent.

FIG 3
19. Example, from FIG 2 above the integer is 2, and from FIG 3 the reading is 55.5 hence the
diameter of the dent is,
2 + (55.5/100) = 2.555 mm
(Please note: 100 divisions on the micrometer scale equals 1 mm)

Results
Specimen Steel Aluminium Sample Result
Diameter of ball 10 10 D = 10 mm
(mm), D

Diameter of dent 5.14 3.27 D = 5.55 mm


(mm), d

Test weight (kg), F 3000 750 F = 3000 kg


Brinell Number 134.38 86.89 HBS = 114
(HBS)
Commonly used
value is 127

Calculate the Brinell Number from the formula;


HBS = 2F / {π D [D - √ (D2 - d2)}
Where,
F is the test force in kg
D is the diameter of the ball indenter in mm
d is the diameter of the dent in mm
DISCUSSION:

1- For steel, need to find the average for final value of the diameter of the dent. Then to calculate
the Brinell number was used the 3000 kg for test weight and 10 mm for diameter of the ball and
used the final value of diameter of the dent.

2-For aluminium also need to find the average for final value of the diameter of the dent. Then to
calculate the Brinell number is use the 750 kg for test weight and 10 mm also for diameter of the
ball and used the final value of diameter of the dent.

For these two materials the value for brinell number of the steel has higher than the aluminium.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the hardness number of steel was 134.38 mm meanwhile the hardness of
aluminium was 86.89 mm. Therefore steel is harder than aluminium.

The results show the depth


of the steel is bigger than
the brass followed by the
indenter and the load. The
aluminium is not suitable
with the indenter. So the
aluminium results became
NG. Means that the
mechanical property of the
steel is
good compare with brass
according to the indenter
The results show the depth
of the steel is bigger than
the brass followed by the
indenter and the load. The
aluminium is not suitable
with the indenter. So the
aluminium results became
NG. Means that the
mechanical property of the
steel is
good compare with brass
according to the indenter
The results show the depth
of the steel is bigger than
the brass followed by the
indenter and the load. The
aluminium is not suitable
with the indenter. So the
aluminium results became
NG. Means that the
mechanical property of the
steel is
good compare with brass
according to the indenter
The results show the depth
of the steel is bigger than
the brass followed by the
indenter and the load. The
aluminium is not suitable
with the indenter. So the
aluminium results became
NG. Means that the
mechanical property of the
steel is
good compare with brass
according to the indenter.
The results show the depth
of the steel is bigger than
the brass followed by the
indenter and the load. The
aluminium is not suitable
with the indenter. So the
aluminium results became
NG. Means that the
mechanical property of the
steel is
good compare with brass
according to the indenter.
The results show the depth
of the steel is bigger than
the brass followed by the
indenter and the load. The
aluminium is not suitable
with the indenter. So the
aluminium results became
NG. Means that the
mechanical property of the
steel is
good compare with brass
according to the indenter.

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