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DML 1

Data modeling is the process of creating a visual representation of how data is structured and related within a database. It involves defining entities, attributes, relationships, keys, and constraints. The conceptual, logical, and physical data models represent the structure at different levels of abstraction. Entity relationship modeling visually depicts the relationships between different database entities and provides clarity in understanding how data elements are connected.

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53 views

DML 1

Data modeling is the process of creating a visual representation of how data is structured and related within a database. It involves defining entities, attributes, relationships, keys, and constraints. The conceptual, logical, and physical data models represent the structure at different levels of abstraction. Entity relationship modeling visually depicts the relationships between different database entities and provides clarity in understanding how data elements are connected.

Uploaded by

mak madz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FUNDAMENTALS OF DATABASE

SYSTEMS
Understanding Data Modelling
What is Data Modelling?
● Data modeling is a process used in database management to create a
visual representation of how data is structured, organized, and related
within a database system.
● It involves defining the structure of the data, the relationships
between different data elements, and the constraints that ensure data
accuracy and integrity.
● Aids in clear communication between database designers, developers,
and stakeholders. It provides a blueprint that guides the
implementation of a database system and ensures that the system
accurately reflects the requirements of the application.

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Key aspects of data modelling
● Entities: Entities represent real-world objects or concepts. They can be
things like customers, products, orders, employees, etc. Each entity
has attributes that describe its properties.

● Attributes: Attributes are characteristics or properties of entities. For


example, a "customer" entity might have attributes like "name,"
"email," and "address."

● Relationships: Relationships define how entities are related to each


other. For instance, a "customer" entity might be related to an "order"
entity through a "placed by" relationship.
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Key aspects of data modelling
● Keys: Keys are attributes or combinations of attributes that uniquely
identify individual instances of an entity. A "customer ID" or a
combination of "product ID" and "order ID" can serve as keys.

● Normalization: Normalization is the process of organizing data to


minimize redundancy and ensure data integrity. It involves breaking
down data into smaller, related tables and removing data anomalies.

● Data Integrity Constraints: Constraints define rules that data must


follow to ensure accuracy and consistency. Examples include primary
key constraints, foreign key constraints, and domain constraints.

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Key aspects of data modelling
● Cardinality: Cardinality defines the number of related entities that can
be associated with another entity. It includes concepts like one-to-one,
one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships.

● Data Model Types: Data models can be of various types, such as the
Entity-Relationship (ER) model, the Relational model, the Object-
Oriented model, and NoSQL models like document, key-value, and
graph.

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Types of data modelling
Conceptual Data Model:
● Focus: High-level understanding of data without implementation
details.
● Represents: High-level entities, their attributes, and the
relationships between them.
● Used in: Initial stages of database design to communicate with
stakeholders.

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Types of data modelling
Logical Data Model:
● Focus: Logical representation of data structures based on business
requirements.
● Represents: Entities, attributes, relationships, keys, and constraints
in a more detailed manner.
● Used in: Translating conceptual models into a design that can be
implemented in a specific DBMS.

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Types of data modelling
Physical Data Model:
● Focus: Specifies how the logical model is physically implemented
in a specific DBMS.
● Represents: Actual database schema, storage structures, indexing,
and optimization strategies.
● Used in: Designing the actual database tables, columns, indexes,
and relationships for a specific database system.

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Entity Relationship Modeling
● Technique used in database design to visually represent
the structure of a database and the relationships
between different entities (objects).

● It provides a clear and concise way to understand the


data requirements of an application and how those data
elements are related to each other.

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Importance of Entity Relationship Modeling
● Clear Representation of Data Relationships: ER
Modeling provides a visual representation of how
different data entities are related to each other. This
clarity helps developers, designers, and stakeholders
understand how data elements are connected within
the database.

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