BEARING CAPACITY CALCULATION FOR SOIL T

DESIGN INPUT DATA:

COMPUTATION OF BEARING CAPACITY

As per IS Code 6403:1981
𝑞𝑛𝑢=𝐶𝑁𝐶𝑆𝐶𝑑𝑐𝑖𝑐+𝑞(𝑁𝑞−1)𝑆𝑞𝑑𝑞𝑖𝑞+0.5γ′𝐵𝑓𝑁𝑓𝑆𝑓𝑑𝑓𝑖𝑓𝑊^′
where,
C= soil cohesion
Nc,Nq,Nf are bearing capacity factors depending upon angle of shearing resistance
Sc,Sq,Sf are shape factors
dc,dq,df are depth factors
ic,iq,if are inclination factors
W' is water table correction factor
 Bf is width of footing
qnu is the ultimate bearimg capacity of soil
γ' is submerged wt of soil

ø value is taken as average for signifant depth=0.5Btan(45+ø/2)

ø is the weighted average: tan((h1*tan-1(ø1)+…..+hn*tan-1(øn))/ ∑h)
N is taken as weighted average for depth 2B

B (m) L (m) A (m2) Dw (m) Df (m) ø, ⁰ C, kg/cm2 γ, kN/m3 γ', kN/m3

1 28 0.20 17.00 7.19

1.5 28 0.20 17.00 7.19
2.0 29 0.21 17.00 7.19
2.5 29 0.21 17.00 7.19
36.4 48.4 1762 0 3.0 29 0.22 17.00 7.19
4 29 0.22 17.00 7.19
5.0 29 0.22 17.00 7.19
6.0 30 0.24 17.00 7.19
7.0 30 0.25 17.00 7.19
8.0 30 0.25 17.00 7.19
9.0 31 0.25 17.00 7.19

Now from settelment consideration

Semi Empirical Method Based on Clayey layer
Sc=Ht/ (1+e0)*Cc log10 ((p0+Δp)/p0)

Since there is only silty clay present settelment analysis need to be done only for clay
For foundation: 36.4*48.4
Depth = 3 m Allowable bearing for shear = 932.034 kN/m2
Assume safe bearing for settelment = 75.00 kN/m2

Considering elastic settelment and uncertanty we take factor of saftey of factor of saftey =

Depth
CC eo ΔP P0 H SC (m)
(m)
3 0.05 1.85 75.000 50.010 1 0.0070
4 0.05 1.85 62.416 66.680 0 0
5.5 0.05 1.85 58.507 91.685 1.5 0.0056
7 0.05 1.85 54.955 116.690 1.5 0.0044
 8.5 0.05 1.85 51.719 141.695 1.5 0.0036
10 0.05 1.85 48.762 166.700 1.5 0.0029
11.5 0.05 1.85 46.052 191.705 1.5 0.0025
13 0.05 1.85 43.562 216.710 1.5 0.0021
14.5 0.05 1.85 41.270 241.715 1.5 0.0018
16 0.05 1.85 39.155 266.720 1.5 0.0016
17.5 0.11 1.85 37.199 291.725 1.5 0.0030
19 0.11 1.85 35.387 316.730 1.5 0.0027
Total settelment = 0.0742

So, allowable bearing pressure is lesser of shear or settelment which comes out to be
CULATION FOR SOIL TYPE 3
 Nø q, kg/cm2 Nc Nq Nγ Sq Sc Sγ dq dc

47.6 0.07 25.32 14.80 11.01 1.399607 1.4396 0.7 1.005 1.00555
47.6 0.11 25.32 14.80 11.01 1.399607 1.4396 0.7 1.007 1.00832
37.9 0.15 28.04 16.45 12.85 1.416588 1.4412 0.7 1.009 1.01132
37.9 0.18 28.04 16.45 12.85 1.416588 1.4412 0.7 1.012 1.01415
37.9 0.22 28.04 16.45 12.85 1.416588 1.4412 0.7 1.014 1.01698
37.9 0.29 28.04 16.45 12.85 1.416588 1.4412 0.7 1.019 1.02263
37.9 0.37 28.04 16.45 12.85 1.416588 1.4412 0.7 1.023 1.02829
29.7 0.44 30.14 18.40 15.07 1.433901 1.4591 0.7 1.029 1.03464
29.7 0.51 30.14 18.40 15.07 1.433901 1.4591 0.7 1.033 1.04041
29.7 0.59 30.14 18.40 15.07 1.433901 1.4591 0.7 1.038 1.04618
22.7 0.66 32.50 21.00 18.03 1.451566 1.4859 0.7 1.044 1.05302

Sc = Consolidation or settlement in m
Ht = Thickness of soil layer in m
e0 = Initial void ratio
P0 = Effective stress at mid height of layer in t/m2
Δp = Pressure increment t/m2

2
74.2 mm < code specified 75mm for clayey soils.
 qnu qgu
dγ iq ic W' FOS Df qna (kN/m2)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2)
1.009 1 1 0.5 2061.79 2071.6 3 1 687.263
1.014 1 1 0.5 2139.45 2154.17 3 1.5 713.152
1.019 1 1 0.5 2577.06 2596.683 3 2 859.021
1.023 1 1 0.5 2666.24 2690.766 3 2.5 888.747
1.028 1 1 0.5 2796.1 2825.531 3 3 932.034
1.037 1 1 0.5 2976.52 3015.756 3 4 992.172
1.047 1 1 0.5 3158.4 3207.448 3 5 1052.799
1.057 1 1 0.5 3903.44 3962.296 3 6 1301.145
1.067 1 1 0.5 4160.32 4228.986 3 7 1386.772
1.076 1 1 0.5 4374.27 4452.746 3 8 1458.089
1.087 1 1 0.5 5330.99 5419.285 3 9 1776.998
qga (kN/m2)

690.533
718.057
865.561
896.922
941.844
1005.252
1069.149
1320.765
1409.662
1484.249
1806.428
DESIGN OF MAT FOUNDATION
STEP1 Check for soil pressure
𝑞=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝑋/𝐼_𝑋
𝑌+𝑀_𝑌/𝐼_𝑌 𝑋

Where, A= Area of raft

along x = 36.4 m
along y = 48.4 m
Area, A = 1761.76 m2
𝐼𝑥= 〖𝐵𝐿〗 ^3/12
=(36.4∗ 〖 48.4 〗 ^3)/12=343919.04𝑚4
𝐼y
= 〖𝐿𝐵〗 ^3/12= 〖 48.4∗36.4 〗 ^3/12=194521.7
9𝑚4 factored load =
Total 102276.93 kN
Total service load = 68184.62 kN
Ix= 343919.04 m 4

Iy= 194521.79 m4
The centre of gravity of the applied loads can be obtained by taking the moments of the loads about point A.

VERTICAL LOAD ON COLUMN (kN)

COLUMN 1 2 3 3-4 4 5 6
A 113.280 223.720 207.880 213.190 211.830 229.190
B 220.860 533.820 940.860 841.850 1841.140 2976.180 2136.930
C 208.590 1625.950 2033.690 1127.210 2332.210 3646.920 2964.040
D 212.470 2358.160 2963.610 2580.690 2677.630 2716.800
E 212.550 2503.760 3123.910 2180.550 2019.720 3178.620
F 214.810 2504.960 3199.100 2600.840 2391.220 2903.360
G 212.780 2381.030 3109.320 2951.900 2714.120 2776.030
H 223.530 1729.490 2394.280 2421.120 2344.220 2563.840
I 113.620 222.550 210.820 214.450 212.480 224.480
Total 1732.490 14083.440 18183.470 1969.060 17336.090 19194.320 19693.290
x-
distance 0.2 6.2 12.2 15.2 18.2 24.2 30.2
from A
Y̅ = 25.319 m
ey= 1.119 m
X̅ = 20.349 m
ex= 2.149 m
Mx= 114457.910 kN-m
My= 219834.114 kN-m
The soil bearing pressure can be obtained as follows
𝑞=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀_𝑋/𝐼_𝑋
𝑌+𝑀_𝑌/𝐼_𝑌 𝑋

soil bearing pressure, q (kN/m2)

COLUMN 1 2 3 3-4 4 5 6
A 29.432 36.438 43.219 50.000 56.781 63.561
B 43.476 50.483 57.264 60.654 64.044 70.825 77.606
C 41.479 48.486 55.267 58.657 62.047 68.828 75.609
D 39.482 46.489 53.270 60.051 66.831 73.612
E 37.486 44.492 51.273 58.054 64.835 71.615
F 39.482 46.489 53.270 60.051 66.831 73.612
G 41.479 48.486 55.267 62.047 68.828 75.609
H 43.476 50.483 57.264 64.044 70.825 77.606
I 45.539 52.546 59.327 66.108 72.888 79.669
x-
distance -18.2 -12 -6 -3 0 6 12
from mid

The maximum soil bearing pressure 86.676 kN/m2 > 75KN/m2 which is more than the allowable be
Hence, piled raft foundation is needed to be designed.
loads about point A.

)
7 TOTAL y-distance
from A
121.030 1320.120 0.2
263.570 9755.210 6.2
284.900 14223.510 12.2
274.560 13783.920 18.2
2027.200 15246.310 24.2
2556.580 16370.870 30.2
2458.870 16604.050 36.2
1984.610 13661.090 42.2
113.450 1311.850 48.4
10084.770 102276.930

36.4
 y- disance
7
from mid
70.568 -24.2
84.613 18
82.616 12
80.619 6
78.622 0
80.619 6
82.616 12
84.613 18
86.676 24.2

18.2

e than the allowable bearing for mat settlement.

For matt of size 36.4*48.4

B L A Dw DF ø C γ
36.4 48.4 1761.76 0 3 30 0.13 0.2

Settlement Analysis of Open (SHALLOW) Foundation

Semi Empirical Method by Schmertmann and Hartmann

Se = C1.C2 Δq Σ0z (Iz/Es)Δz

Where
Se = net allowable settlement
C1 = a correction factor for the depth of foundation embedment
= 1-0.5 (q/Δq)
q = effective overburden pressure on foundation
C2 = a correction factor to account into creep in soil
= 1+0.2 log (time in year/0.1)
Δq = difference between stress at level of foundation and overburden pressure.
Δz = Thickness of soil layer
Es = Modulus of elasticity of sand
Iz = Strain influence at depth z
Approximate relationship between Cone penetration resistance (qc) and SPT value (N1)60 with
Stress- Strain Modulus Es (Bowles, 1982) are given below:
qc/N Es (kN/m2) Soil type
Based on D50 2.5-3.5 qc Clayey to sandy soil

Allowable bearing from shear = 1017 kN/m2 c1= 0.420455

C2= 1.6
Allowable safe bearing fo settelment = 95 kN/m2
FOS = 1.25 qn= 44

Depth Thickness N
γ, t/m3 Ratio of qc/n qc Es z
(m) (m) corrected

3 1.5 1.7 12 2.95 3540 8850 0.75

4.5 0 1.7 17 2.95 5015 12537.5 1.5
6 1.5 1.7 15 2.95 4425 11062.5 3.75
7.5 1.5 2 26 6.3 16380 40950 5.25
9 1.5 2 40 6.3 25200 63000 6.75
10.5 1.5 2 50 6.3 31500 78750 8.25
12 1.5 2 50 6.3 31500 78750 9.75
13.5 1.5 1.75 15 2.95 4425 11062.5 11.25
15 1.5 1.75 13 2.95 3835 9587.5 12.75
16.5 1.5 1.8 13 5.05 6565 16412.5 14.25
18 1.5 2 32 5.05 16160 40400 15.75
19.5 1.5 2 40 5.05 20200 50500 17.25
21 1.5 2 41 5.05 20705 51762.5 18.75
22.5 1.5 2 50 5.05 25250 63125 20.25
24 1.5 2 25 2.95 7375 18437.5 21.75
 25.5 1.5 2 50 5.05 25250 63125 23.25
27 1.5 2 50 5.05 25250 63125 24.75
Total Settelment =

Hence, total net settlement in clayey soil =

Assume safe bearing for settelment = 95 kN/m2

Considering elastic settelment and uncertanty
we take factor of saftey of factor of saftey = 1.5

Depth
Cc eo ΔP Po H Sc (m)
(m)
3 0.05 0.883 95 51 1.5 0.0182
4.5 0.05 0.883 77.35553 76.5 0 -
6 0.05 0.883 72.56139 102 1.5 0.0093
7.5 - 0.883 68.20152 127.5 1.5 -
9 - 0.883 64.22478 153 1.5 -
10.5 - 0.883 60.58739 178.5 1.5 -
12 - 0.883 57.25166 204 1.5 -
13.5 - 0.883 54.18501 229.5 1.5 -
15 0.1 0.883 51.35917 255 1.5 0.0063
16.5 0.1 0.883 48.74948 280.5 1.5 0.0055
18 0.1 0.883 46.33438 306 1.5 0.0049
19.5 - 0.883 44.09494 331.5 1.5 -
Total Settelment = 0.0663866

i.e. total settlement = 66.39 mm

So allowable bearing pressure is lesser of shear or settelment which comes out to be
 Nø q Nc Nq Nγ Sq Sc Sγ dq dc
29.7 0.22 30.14 18.4 15.07 1.416588 1.44117 0.7 1.013991 1.016975

N1)60 with

Settelment
Iz
(m)

- -
- -
- -
0.2138 0.0003
0.2454 0.0002
0.2769 0.0002
0.3084 0.0002
- -
0.3714 0.0021
- -
- -
0.4659 0.0005
0.4974 0.0005
0.4876 0.0004
- -
 0.4621 0.0004
0.4493 0.0004
Total Settelment = 0.0053

ement in clayey soil = 5.34 mm

71.73mm < code specified 75mm for clayey soils

 dγ iq ic W' qgu qnu fos Df qna qga
1.027981 1 1 0.5 3075.302 3053.72 3 3 1017.907 1025.101
 For matt 36.4*48.4

B L A Dw DF ø C γ
36.4 48.4 1761.76 0 3 28 0.01 0.2

Allowable bearing from shear= 621 kN/m2 c1= 0.868557

C2= 1.6
Allowable safe bearing fo settelment= 245 kN/m2
FOS= 1.25 qn= 194

Depth Thickness
γ, t/m3 N corrected Ratio of qc/n qc Es z
(m) (m)
3 1.5 1.7 24 8 19200 48000 0.75
4.5 0 1.7 2 8 1600 4000 1.5
6 1.5 1.7 27 8 21600 54000 3.75
7.5 1.5 1.8 24 8 19200 48000 5.25
9 1.5 1.8 26 8 20800 52000 6.75
10.5 1.5 1.9 50 8 40000 100000 8.25
12 1.5 1.9 50 8 40000 100000 9.75
13.5 1.5 1.9 50 8 40000 100000 11.25
15 1.5 1.9 50 8 40000 100000 12.75
16.5 1.5 1.9 50 8 40000 100000 14.25
18 1.5 1.9 50 8 40000 100000 15.75
19.5 1.5 1.9 50 8 40000 100000 17.25
21 1.5 2.1 50 8 40000 100000 18.75
22.5 1.5 2.1 50 8 40000 100000 20.25
24 1.5 2.1 50 8 40000 100000 21.75
25.5 1.5 2.1 50 8 40000 100000 23.25
27 1.5 2.1 50 8 40000 100000 24.75
28.5 1.5 2.1 50 8 40000 100000 26.25
30 1.5 2.1 50 8 40000 100000 27.75
31.5 1.5 2.1 50 8 40000 100000 29.25
Total Settlement =

i.e. total settlement =

 Nø q Nc Nq Nγ Sq Sc Sγ dq dc
47.6 0.22 25.32 14.8 11.01 1.416588 1.44117 0.7 1.013991 1.016975

Settelment
Iz
(m)
0.11935 0.0013
0.1351 0.0000
0.18235 0.0017
0.21385 0.0023
0.24535 0.0024
0.27685 0.0014
0.30835 0.0016
0.33985 0.0017
0.37135 0.0019
0.40285 0.0020
0.43435 0.0022
0.46585 0.0024
0.49735 0.0025
0.487646 0.0025
0.474866 0.0024
0.462086 0.0023
0.449306 0.0023
0.436526 0.0022
0.423746 0.0021
0.410966 0.0021
Total Settlement = 0.0392

i.e. total settlement = 39.15 mm <IS code allowed value of 40mm

 dγ iq ic W' qgu qnu fos Df qna qga
1.027981 1 1 0.5 1894.28 1872.698 3 3 624.2326 631.4266
DIA. OF PILE 0.45 FoS= 2.5 Pile bearing capa
Bearing capacity of pile = Qp=Ab(1.2cNc+γLf(Nq-1)+0.4γBNγ)
skin friction = Qs=As(Kσv*tanδ+cu)

Thickness
Depth (m) φ, ⁰ C Surcharge N Nq
(m)

0 27 5.0 0.000 12 13.143

1.5 27 5.0 0.465 13 13.143
3 0.0 22 5.0 1.395 5 7.793
4.5 1.5 21 10.0 2.513 4 7.046
6 1.5 24 10.0 3.649 8 9.566
7.5 1.5 25 20.0 4.793 10 10.620
9 1.5 24 20.0 5.940 8 9.566
10.5 1.5 30 25.0 7.090 28 18.315
12 1.5 31 25.0 8.241 35 20.532
13.5 1.5 31 25.0 8.907 31 20.532
15 1.5 31 25.0 9.000 34 20.532
16.5 1.5 30 25.0 9.076 35 18.315

Diameter (m) 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7

Length (m)
1.5 19.50 24.55 30.27 36.71 43.89 51.83
3 74.20 89.97 107.33 126.31 146.93 169.22
4.5 147.51 178.20 211.89 248.61 288.41 331.32
6 270.84 326.47 387.36 453.57 525.13 602.09
7.5 323.08 386.39 455.31 529.89 610.17 696.18
9 655.65 792.33 942.09 1105.03 1281.24 1470.81
10.5 841.35 1015.91 1207.06 1414.91 1639.56 1881.11
12 970.33 1168.99 1386.20 1622.07 1876.69 2150.17
13.5 1099.58 1322.38 1565.68 1829.59 2114.21 2419.65
aring capacity calculation

Indivisual layer
cumilative Q = Qp + Qs
Nc Ngamma Qp (kN) skin friction, Qs
(kN) skin friction (kN)

23.847 14.404
23.847 14.404
16.822 7.101 19.499 0 0 19.499
15.759 6.174 57.572 16.632 16.632 74.204
19.251 9.404 110.746 20.135 36.767 147.513
20.642 10.830 201.000 33.070 69.838 270.837
19.251 9.404 216.917 36.326 106.163 323.081
30.010 22.290 504.898 44.594 150.757 655.655
32.526 25.859 642.724 47.867 198.625 841.348
32.526 25.859 721.896 49.809 248.433 970.329
32.526 25.859 801.068 50.080 298.513 1099.581
30.010 22.290 785.652 50.406 348.919 1134.572

0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05

Pile Bearing Capacity (m3)
60.56 70.12 80.52 91.81 104.01 117.14 131.23
193.20 218.91 246.35 275.57 306.57 339.39 374.06
377.38 426.62 479.09 534.81 593.84 656.20 721.94
684.48 772.36 865.77 964.75 1069.34 1179.58 1295.53
787.96 885.54 988.98 1098.29 1213.53 1334.72 1461.91
1673.83 1890.39 2120.57 2364.47 2622.18 2893.78 3179.36
2139.68 2415.35 2708.25 3018.46 3346.09 3691.25 4054.04
2442.62 2754.13 3084.81 3434.76 3804.10 4192.91 4601.31
2746.00 3093.38 3461.88 3851.61 4262.67 4695.17 5149.21
7.79952912

1.1 1.15 1.2

146.32 162.44 179.60

410.59 449.01 489.35
791.09 863.69 939.78
1417.22 1544.70 1678.00
1595.14 1734.43 1879.84
3479.02 3792.83 4120.90
4434.56 4832.92 5249.22
5029.40 5477.27 5945.05
5624.89 6122.32 6641.60