Mathematics Grade 7 TEACHER KEY

W1 - Lesson 3: Fractions and Mixed

Numbers
V6-10
 Important Concepts of Grade 7 Mathematics Materials
W1 - Lesson 1.........................................................................Divisibility Rules Required
W1 - Lesson 2....................................................................... Decimal Numbers
W1 - Lesson 3......................................................................................Fractions Math Set
W1 - Lesson 4................. Improper Fractions, Mixed Numbers,Percents, and Calculator
Decimals
W1 - Lesson 5..................................Integers, Number Lines, and Sequencing
W1 - Quiz No Textbook
Required
W2 - Lesson 1...................... Table of Values and Graphing Linear Equations
W2 - Lesson 2................................Modeling Expressions, Equations, and the This is a stand-
alone course.
Preservation of Equality
W2 - Lesson 3................................................... Algebra and Linear Equations
W2 - Lesson 4......................................................................................Statistics
W2 - Lesson 5............................... Circle Graphs and Calculating Probability
W2 - Quiz

W3 - Lesson 1.......................................................................................... Circles

W3 - Lesson 2....................................... Area of Triangles and Parallelograms
W3 - Lesson 3.............................................................................Line Segments
W3 - Lesson 4................................... Parts and Plotting on a Cartesian Plane
W3 - Lesson 5..........................................................................Transformations
W3 - Quiz
Mathematics Grade 7
Version 6
Preview/Review W1 - Lesson 3
ISBN 1-894894-75-8

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Preview/Review Concepts
for
Grade Seven Mathematics
Teacher Key

W1 – Lesson 3:

Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Introductory Information for Teachers

Preview/Review courses are aimed mainly at students who have completed the regular
course but who need to review some of the material before beginning the next grade.
Other students may find Preview/Review courses useful in preparing for the new concepts
they will study in their next grade.

No Preview/Review course is intended to replace the regular course because each covers
only what the writers have decided are the top 15 concepts from the Program of Studies
for that course.

Preview/Review materials are intended for use by teachers and students in one-subject
and one-grade classrooms. This Preview/Review course contains fifteen lessons in three
sections. Each section has five lessons. A short quiz is provided at the end of each section
to test student knowledge of the material studied. In a classroom the course will likely be
completed in three weeks.

This Preview/Review course is written to be stand-alone. There is no textbook required.

Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3 Mathematics Grade 7

W1 – Lesson 3: Fractions

Warm-up:

• I can use pattern blocks to model fractions.

Fraction Tiles

How many?

1. are in ? 2
_______ 2. are in ? 6
_______

3. are in ? 3
_______ 4. are in ? 3
_______

5. are in ? 2
_______

Based on the relationships above,

1. If = 1. = 1/6
_______

2. If = 1. = 1/3
_______

3. If = 1. = 1/2
_______

4. If = 1. = 2/3
_______

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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3

Now, try some really fun shapes.

1. If + = 1, what is ? 1/9
_______

2. If + = 1, what is + ? 2/8 = 1/4

_______

3. If + = 1, what is + ? 4
_______

4. If + = 1, what is ? 3/7
_______

5. If - = 1, what is + ? 1
_______

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3 Mathematics Grade 7

Review:

• I understand fraction basics.

Practice

3 numerator or dividend
vinculum
7 denominator or divisor

proper fraction: a fraction in which improper fraction: a fraction in

the numerator is less than the which the numerator is greater than
denominator the denominator
2
Example: Example: 7
3 2

mixed number: the sum of a whole vinculum: the line between the
number and a proper fraction numerator and the denominator,
showing that the two numbers are
6
Example: 4 connected
7

Example 1: What fraction of the pie has been removed?

1
One of eight pieces has been removed; therefore, has been
removed. 8

Example 2: What fraction of the eggs is left in the carton?

or 5 is left in the
10
Ten of twelve eggs are still in the carton; therefore
carton. 12 6

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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3

Equivalent Fractions

2
Example: Write three equivalent fractions for .
3

Fractions that
X2 X3 X4
represent the same
amount are 2 4 2 6 2 8
called equivalent   
fractions. 3 6 3 9 3 12
X2 X3 X4

4 , 6 , and 8 are all equivalent fractions of 2 .

6 9 12 3

Multiplying or dividing the numerator and denominator by the same number can
generate an unlimited number of equivalent fractions.

Practice

Fill in the blanks to complete the equivalent fractions.

2 10 1 3
a. = b. =
3 15 7 21

4 1 5 10
c. = d. =
8 2 12 24

7 21 6 3
e. = f. =
11 33 18 9

8 2 33 1
g. = h. =
20 5 99 3

2 4 3 21
i. = j. =
5 10 4 28

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3 Mathematics Grade 7

Reducing Fractions to Simplest Form

Example: Write the fractions in lowest terms.

A fraction in simplest ÷3
form is the fraction a. 9 and 12 are both divisible by 3.
9 3
that cannot be 
divided to find an 12 4
9 3
equivalent fraction. ÷3 The simplest form of is .
12 4

b. 7 Because 7 and 12 do not have any

12 numbers by which they are both
divisible, the fraction is already in its
simplest form.

A fraction in simplest form is also known as a reduced fraction or

a fraction expressed in lowest terms.

Answers should always be given in lowest terms.

Practice

Express each fraction in lowest terms.

a. 2 1 b. 4 1
= =
4 2 12 3

6 2 5 1
c. = d. =
9 3 15 3

e. 7 1 f. 10 5
= =
21 3 18 9

g. 8 1 h. 50 1
= =
24 3 100 2

3 1 5 1
i. = j. =
12 4 25 5

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3 Mathematics Grade 7

Objective:

• I can add and subtract fractions with the same denominators..

Adding fractions with the same

denominator
Keep the denominator the same;
add the numerators.
1 2
Example:  
4 4
1 2 3
1  2  3 Therefore,  
4 4 4

Subtracting fractions with the

same denominator.

Keep the denominator the same;

subtract the numerators.
Example: 7 − 3 
12 12
7 3 4
Practice 7 − 3  4 Therefore, − 
12 12 12
Solve. Express your answers in
lowest terms..

1 1 2 1 5 6 2 4 6 2 5 3 8 4
a. + = b. + = c. + = = d. + = =
3 3 3 7 7 7 9 9 9 3 10 10 10 5

1 3 4 2 11 5 16 4 3 2 5 10 8 2
=
1
e. + = = f. + = = g. + = h. − =
6 6 6 3 20 20 20 5 8 8 8 12 12 12 6

17 8 9 3 13 3 10 2 9 5 4 2 l. 7 2 5
i. − = = j. − = = k. − = = − =
21 21 21 7 15 15 15 3 10 10 10 5 9 9 9

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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3

Objective:

• I can add and subtract fractions with the different denominators..

Example 1: 7 − 2 
8 10
You need a common denominator. Example 2: 1  3 
8 and 10 are both factors of 40. 4 12
Common denominator: 12
7 35
Change: 1
3
8 40 Change: 
4
12
2 8 Add: 3  3  6  1
Change: Subtract: 12 12 12 2
10 40 35 8 27
−  Or
40 40 40 Common denominator: 4

Change:
3 1
12 4

Add: 1  1  2  1
4 4 4 2

Practice

Solve. Express your answers in lowest terms..

2 1 14 + 3 = 17 1 3 2 9 11
a. + = b. + = + =
3 7 21 21 21 6 4 12 12 12

1 4 9 8 17 6 3 24 15 39
c. + = + = d. + = + =
2 9 18 18 18 10 8 40 40 40

5 5 10 25 35 7 3 2 3 14 17
e. + = + = = f. + = + =
20 8 40 40 40 8 21 3 21 21 21

h. 17 − 5 =
10 1 10 − 3 = 7 17 15 2
g. − = − =
12 4 12 12 12 21 7 21 21 21

9 3 18 3 15 3 7 1 7 3 4
i. − = − = = j. − = − =
10 20 20 20 20 4 9 3 9 9 9
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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3

Objective:

• I can model the addition and subtraction of fractions.

Grid Model

Note: Use the columns and rows of a grid to represent different denominators.

Example 1: 1 + 1 =
Total squares = 12
3 4 Number of shaded squares = 7
7
Answer =
1 of 3 rows = 1 12
4

colour in 4 squares 1 of 4 columns = 1

3

colour in 3 squares

Example 2: 3 − 1 = Total squares = 14

5 3 Number of shaded squares left = 4
3 of 5 rows = 3 Answer =
4
5 15
colour in 9 squares
1 of 3 columns = 1
3
erase 5 squares
Practice

Draw the grid that represents best the solution. For this activity you do not need to
simplify the fraction.

1 1 24 1 5 20 2 4 13
a. + = b. + = c. + =
3 3 35 7 7 24 9 9 18

1 2
 =
2 6
2 2
 =
2 2 4 6
 =
7 5
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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3 Mathematics Grade 7

d. 1 + 2 = 11 e. 1 + 3 = 19 f. 1 3
+ =
19
4 3 12 5 4 20 3 10 30

1

3
1 2 3
 
4 3 1 3 
  10
5 4

g. 3 − 1 = 5 h. 4 − 2 = 2 i. 6 2
− =
22
4 3 12 5 3 15 7 6 42

1 4  5 2  10  2
   
3  12  12 3  15  15

2  14  22
 
6  42  42

j. 8 4 12 k. 7 − 1 = 6 l. 2 1 5
− = − =
9 6 54 8 2 16 3 4 12

1 8  6
 
2  16  16
1 3  5
 
4  12  15
4  36  12
 
6  54  54

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Mathematics Grade 7 Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3

Summary and Practice:

• Using what you learned answer the following questions.

1. On the chart below, summarize the steps needed to add or subtract fractions with
the same denominator and fractions with different denominators.

Same Denominators Different Denominators

Answers may vary Answers may vary

Example:
Example:
1. Find a common denominator.
Steps to 1. Keep the denominator the
add 2. Change the fractions to an
same.
fractions equivalent fraction with the
2. Add the numerators, then new denominator.
reduce if possible. 3. Add the new numerators, then
reduce if possible

Answers may vary Answers may vary

Example:
Example:
1. Find a common denominator.
Steps to 1. Keep the denominator the
subtract 2. Change the fractions to an
same.
fractions equivalent fraction with the
2. subtract the numerators, new denominator.
then reduce if possible. 3. Subtract the new numerators,
then reduce if possible

2. Express the fractions in lowest terms.

a. 6 2 b. 9 1 c. 16 1 d. 14 2
= = = =
18 9 54 6 48 3 21 7

3. Using the grid below, write an addition equation represented by the grid.

3 1 14
+ =
5 3 15

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Preview/Review Concepts W1 - Lesson 3 Mathematics Grade 7

4. Model using a grid.

3 1 15 9 3 6 3
a. + = b. − = =
6 3 18 10 4 40 20

5. 1 of entries in a pet show are cats. 1 of the entries are dogs.

3 2

What fraction of the animals is not a cat or a dog?

1 1 2 3 5
+ = + =
3 2 6 6 6
6 5 1
− =
6 6 6
1
of the animals is not a cat or a dog.
6

6. George spent 2 of his spare time playing video games, 2 practising basketball, 1
8 6 4

practising guitar, and the remainder watching TV. What fraction represents the

time he spent watching TV?

2 2 1 6 8 6 20 5
+ + = + + = =
8 6 4 24 24 24 24 6
6 5 1
− =
6 6 6
1
George spent of his time watching TV.
6

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