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Motherboard Components and Function

The document discusses the key components and functions of a motherboard. It describes 20 components, including the CPU socket, north and south bridge chips, clock generator, graphics ports, RAM slots, BIOS, cooling system, and power connectors. The components work together to power the computer and facilitate communication between the CPU and various internal and external devices.

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nominnanaaespasol
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32 views

Motherboard Components and Function

The document discusses the key components and functions of a motherboard. It describes 20 components, including the CPU socket, north and south bridge chips, clock generator, graphics ports, RAM slots, BIOS, cooling system, and power connectors. The components work together to power the computer and facilitate communication between the CPU and various internal and external devices.

Uploaded by

nominnanaaespasol
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Activity 3 Quarter 2

Motherboard Components and Function

1. CPU (Central Processing Unit) Socket – a


processor is a singular connector in between
microprocessor and a motherboard that is which is
also called a slot. It allows for easier CPU access
and reduces harm if a unit is inserted or
withdrawn.

2. North Bridge Chip – is utilized to link


all the motherboard's primary
components together. It also links
peripherals via high-speed channels
like PCI Express. In other words, it is
the component of the chipset that
manages the high-speed channels.

3. South Bridge Chip – oversees all connection between multiple processing


devices, as well as the lower speed devices or the channel of
communication.

4. Clock Generator – is a sort of circuit that generates


a continuous, synchronized electrical signal used
for timing in a wide range of devices. The signal
might be as basic as a uniform square wave. They
are typically constructed of a quartz or ceramic
piezo-electric circuit board with an oscillation and
an amplifier.

5. Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) – An early Intel


hardware interface for linking a graphics card (display
adapter) towards the PC for high-speed video output.
This connector is used to connect graphic cards to the
motherboard of a computer. On the motherboard, there's just one AGP slot
in the graphics card.

6. Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) – is


to allow you to increase the capabilities of
your computer. A motherboard typically has
three or four PCI slots. This is a computer slot
that allows you to add expansion cards to your
computer.

7. Dial Inline Memory Module (DIMM) Slots – DIMM (Dial Inline Memory
Module) slots
are where your
RAM modules
(sometimes
known as "RAM
sticks") are put on your motherboard. They are usually parallel to your
motherboard's rear panel connections.

8. Complementary Metal-oxide-semiconductor
Battery (CMOS Battery) – consists of a pair of
semiconductors coupled to a common
secondary voltage and operating in opposite
(complementary) way within computers that
store data This data includes everything from
your computer's system time and date to its
system hardware settings.

9. Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) – is the


program that a computer's CPU uses to boot up
the machine once it has been turned on. It also
controls data flow between the computer's
operating system (OS) and associated devices
such the hard drive, video adapter, keyboard,
mouse, and printer.
10. Parallel Port – an interface that allows a
personal computer (PC) to send or
receive data from a peripheral device
such as a printer through numerous
bundled connections. It was ultimately
replaced by USB, which has a smaller
connection and substantially quicker
data transmission speeds.

11. Universal Serial Bus (USB) – is a


standard interface that allows
connectivity between devices and a host
controller, such as a personal computer
(PC), but also is common to many
devices. It has mostly supplanted
connectors such as serial ports and
parallel ports.

12. Heatsink (Cooling System) – Use a


thermal conductor to minimize
heat generated and avoid
overheating from hardware
components such as the CPU, GPU,
northbridge, southbridge, RAM
modules, and so on. There will also
be a FAN at the top of the heatsink
to assist cool it down. Because the
CPU must perform many tasks
every second, this is an air coolant
heatsink. It begins to develop heat
while executing enormous
operations, and if heat is not managed, it will fail.
13. Integrated Drive Electronics
controller (IDE controller) – was
developed to standardize the
usage of hard disks in
computers. The main idea of IDE
is to unite the hard disk and the
controller. It transmits an array of 512-byte blocks between the drive and
the motherboard, which can support up to four chipset-controlled IDE
devices in a single system.

14. Power Connectors (Power Supply Connectors)


– is to provide power to the Motherboard and
all its related components and peripherals. It
converts normal 110-Volt AC (Alternative
Current) electricity to DC (Direct Current)
voltages of 12 Volt, 5 Volt, 3.3 Volt, and so on.

15. Jumper – is a pair of prongs that serve as


electrical intersections on a computer
motherboard or adapter card. These jumpers are
frequently found near the BIOS chip or adjacent
to the CMOS battery.

16. Industry Standard Architecture slot (ISA slot) – is a computer bus that
connects extra expansion slots to a computer's motherboard. It was mostly
interoperable with the 8088-based IBM PC's 8-bit bus.
17. Floppy-Disk Controller (FDC) – is a removable
magnetic storage medium that allows recording
of data that is special-purpose chip and
associated disk controller circuitry. It controls and
directs reading from and writing to a computer’s
floppy disk drive (FDD).

18. CPU (Central Processing Unit) chip – is the


electrical circuitry in a computer that
executes software instructions. It is
sometimes referred to as a core processor
or the primary processor. The CPU
performs the fundamental logic,
arithmetic, regulating, and input/output
(I/O) functions defined by the desktop
programs' commands.

19. Input and Output Port


(I/O port) –connection
between the CPU and
the peripheral devices
on the motherboard.
Describes any operation,
program, or device that
transfers data to or from a computer.

20. Dual in-line Package switch (DIP switch) –


is a collection of manual electrical switches
used to save settings and choose interrupt
requests (IRQ). A dual in-line package is an
electronic device package having a
rectangular enclosure and two parallel rows
of electrical connection pins in
microelectronics. The package may be
through hole attached on a PCB or put into a socket.

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