CONJUNCTIONS
1. Coordinating conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions allow you to join words, phrases, and clauses of equal grammatical
rank in a sentence. The most common coordinating conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or,
yet, and so; you can remember them by using the mnemonic device FANBOYS.
I’d like pizza or a salad for lunch.
We needed a place to concentrate, so we packed up our things and went to the library.
Jesse didn’t have much money, but she got by.
2. Correlative conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that work together. Some examples
are either/or, neither/nor, and not only/but also.
Not only am I finished studying for English, but I’m also finished writing my history essay.
I am finished with both my English essay and my history essay.
3. Subordinating conjunctions
List of conjunctions
Macam Subordinate Conjunction Contoh Subordinate Conjunction
Time (Waktu) after (setelah)
as (ketika, sementara)
as soon as (segera setelah)
before (sebelum)
once (segera setelah)
since (sejak)
until/till (sampai)
when (ketika)
whenever (kapan saja, sewaktu-waktu)
while (ketika, sementara)
where (di mana)
Place (Tempat) wherever (di manapun)
although, even though,
though(meskipun)
whereas (sebaliknya, sedangkan)
Contrast (Pertentangan)
while (meskipun)
even if (kalaupun)
cause/reason
as (karena)
because (karena)
Cause / Reason / Result (Sebab / Alasan / since (karena)
Akibat)
result
so (sehingga)
in order that (agar)
Purpose (Tujuan) so that (agar)
as long as (jika, dengan syarat)
if (jika, dengan syarat)
only if (hanya jika)
otherwise (jika tidak)
or else (jika tidak)
Condition (Syarat)
provided /providing (that) (jika, dengan
syarat)
supposing (asumsikan, anggap)
unless (jika tidak)
as if (seperti)
as though (seperti)
Manner (Cara) how (bagaimana)
the way (cara)
Berikut Contoh Kalimat
No Contoh Kalimat Subordinate Conjunction
Time (Waktu)
I’m going to give him these shoes after our surprise party on Saturday is over.
1 (Saya akan memberinya sepatu ini setelah pesta kejutan kita pada hari Sabtu
selesai.)
As soon as/once we finish filling the questionnaire, he will process the data.
2
(Segera setelah kami selesai mengisi kuesioner, dia akan memproses data tersebut.)
He was cleaning his bedroom floor when he found a very small doll.
3 (Dia sedang membersihkan lantai kamarnya ketika dia menemukan sebuah boneka
yang sangat kecil.)
Before she went to Melbourne, she got her cats fed.
4
(Sebelum dia pergi ke Melbourne, dia meminta kucing-kucingnya diberi makan.)
She has been very talkative since she arrived on Monday.
5
(Dia menjadi sangat cerewet sejak dia tiba hari Senin.)
Let’s stay here until the sun comes down.
6
(Mari tetap disini sampai matahari terbenam.)
You can come to my house whenever you want.
7
(Kamu bisa datang ke rumahku kapanpun kamu mau.)
Her phone kept ringing while she was sleeping.
8
(Teleponnya terus-menerus berdering ketika dia sedang tidur.)
Place (Tempat)
You should be polite and humble wherever you live.
9
(Kamu sebaiknya sopan dan rendah hati dimanapun kamu tinggal.)
Contrast (Pertentangan)
The waitress seemed nice though she spoke very little Spanish.
10
(Pelayan itu kelihatannya baik, meskipun kemampuan bahasa Spanyolnya terbatas.)
Even if Louis is not qualified enough to enter the top school, he’ll try again next year.
11 (Kalaupun Louis tidak cukup berkualifikasi untuk masuk sekolah top tersebut, dia
akan mencoba lagi tahun depan.)
Cause/Reason/Result (Sebab/Alasan/Akibat)
They no longer have access to the website since you’ve deleted their account,
12 (Mereka tidak lagi memiliki akses ke situs web tersebut karena kamu telah
menghapus akun mereka.)
Many people infected coronavirus because they did not use mask.
13
(Banyak orang terinfeksi virus corona karena mereka tidak menggunakan masker.)
Purpose (Tujuan)
Please use the gloves so that your hands will not burn.
14
(Tolong gunakan sarung tangan sehingga tanganmu tidak akan terbakar.)
She will get up earlier in order that she can arrive on time.
15
(Dia akan bangun lebih cepat agar dia dapat tiba tepat waktu.)
Condition (Syarat)
I will come to your birthday party only if Troy accompanies me.
16
(Aku akan datang ke pesta ulang tahunmu hanya jika Troy menemaniku.)
As long as you follow the rules, you will not get punishment.
17
(Selama kamu mengikuti peraturan, kamu tidak akan mendapatkan hukuman.)
My mother and I can stroll in the park this weekend, providing the weather is nice.
18 (Ibu saya dan saya dapat berjalan-jalan di taman akhir pekan ini, selama cuacanya
bagus.)
Supposing you’re accepted, what would you do?
19
(Anggap kamu diterima, apa yang akan kamu lakukan?)
Unless Netflix users watch this movie series, the movie series could win the rate.
20 (Jika pengguna Netflix nonton serial film ini, maka series film ini akan memenangkan
angka.)
If you’re not careful, you’ll end up losing it.
21
(Jika kamu tidak berhati-hati, kamu akan kelihangannya .)
22 Don’t forget to bring your raincoat, otherwise your feet will be wet and cold.
(Jangan lupa untuk membawa jas hujan-mu, jika tidak kakimu akan basah dan
dingin.)
Manner (Cara)
The man rode as if he was an Moto-GP racer.
23
(Pria itu mengemudi seakan-akan dia pembalap Moto-GP.)
Exercise
1. I visit the Bromo Mountain _________ I go to east Java. (once, whenever, wherever)
2. This is the place _________ she stayed last time she visited. (where, when, how)
3. _________ he win first place, he will receive a prize. (wherever, if, unless)
4. We won’t pass the test _________ we study hard and work hard. (when, if, unless)
5. They could not get a seat, _________ they came early. (as, though, when)
6. We are leaving on Friday _________ or not it rains. (if, whether, though)
7. Pay attention to his work _________ you will not make mistakes. (so that, unless, or)
8. The musicians delivered a rousing performance _________ they had rehearsed often. (though,
as, once)
9. He is honest _________ everyone trusts him. (if, so, when)
10. Write this down on your notebook _________ you will forget. (or, when, lest)
