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00 Course Handout Chemical Reaction Engineering 1 - July-Dec 2021

This document provides information about a course evaluation from Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University in Gandhinagar, India. It lists the course name, code, program, semester, branch, coordinators, and teachers. It then has a checklist of 13 items related to course information and resources available to students. For each item, it indicates whether it is available and provides remarks. The sign-off section includes signatures of the subject teacher and reviewing officer.
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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
35 views20 pages

00 Course Handout Chemical Reaction Engineering 1 - July-Dec 2021

This document provides information about a course evaluation from Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University in Gandhinagar, India. It lists the course name, code, program, semester, branch, coordinators, and teachers. It then has a checklist of 13 items related to course information and resources available to students. For each item, it indicates whether it is available and provides remarks. The sign-off section includes signatures of the subject teacher and reviewing officer.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University

Raisan, Gandhinagar – 382007, Gujarat, INDIA

School of Technology

Course Student Handout Evaluation from


Date:
Name of the Course with Course Code: CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING – 1 (16CH319T)
Programme (B. Tech/M. Tech/M.Sc. /Ph.D. etc): B. TECH
Semester: 5
Branch: CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Academic Year: 2021-22
Name of Course Coordinator: DR ASHISH UNNARKAT
Name of Subject Teachers: DR ASHISH UNNARKAT

Sr. Availability
Item Remarks
No (Yes / No)
1 Departmental Vision & Mission YES
Program educational objectives (PEOs) of YES
2
Department
3 Program Outcomes (POs) YES
4 Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs) YES
5 Academic Calendar YES
6 Class Time Table with office hours YES
Course Outcomes (COs), Course Syllabus, Pre YES
7
requisites for the course
8 Lesson Plan YES
Program Articulation Matrix and Course YES
9
Articulation Matrix
10 Evaluation Scheme and Rubrics YES
Tutorials, Assignments, Case Studies, Quiz, NA
11
Presentations etc.
Copy of Sessional Mid and End semester YES
12
Examination Question Papers
Course covered beyond syllabus and self-study NA
13
topics

Sign of subject teacher: Name and Sign of Reviewing officer

Dr. Ashish P. Unnarkat


Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar
School of Technology
Department of Chemical Engineering

VISION

To impart quality education in an industry research driven modules to motivate the young
chemical engineers for creating knowledge wealth to help generate employability following
professional ethics and focus towards a sustainable environment and benefits to the society.
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar
School of Technology
Department of Chemical Engineering

Mission

 To facilitate the chemical engineering students with the state-of-the-art facilities with
focus on skill development, creativity, innovation and enhancing leadership qualities.

 To nurture creative minds thru’ mentoring, quality teaching & research for building a
value based sustainable society.

 To work in unison with the national and international level academic and industrial
partners by venturing into collaborations to tackle problems of bigger interest to
society.

 To build an encouraging environment for the young faculties and staff by providing safe
work culture, transparency, professional ethics and accountability that will empower
them to lead the department in right spirit.

 To inculcate the culture of continuous learning among the faculties by encouraging


them to participate in a professional development programs and envisage to address
the social, economic and environmental problems.
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar
School of Technology
Department of Chemical Engineering

Program Education Objectives (PEOs)

 Acquire the fundamental principles of science and chemical engineering with modern
experimental and computational skills.

 Ability to handle problems of practical relevance of society while complying with


economical, environmental, ethical, and safety factors.

 Demonstrate professional excellence, ethics, soft skills and leadership qualities with life-
long learning’s.

 Graduates will be active members ready to serve the society locally and internationally.
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar
School of Technology
Department of Chemical Engineering

Programme Outcomes

Engineering Graduates will be able to:


1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.

2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.

3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and


design system components or processes that meet the specified need with appropriate
considerations for public health and safety, and the cultural, societal and environmental
considerations.

4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis
of the information to provide valid conclusions.

5. Modern tool usage: Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering
activities with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant
to professional engineering practices.

7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering


solutions in societal and environmental context, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and
need for sustainable development.

8. Ethics: Apply ethical practices and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and
norms of the engineering practice.

9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader
in diverse teams and in multidisciplinary settings.

10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the


engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and
write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give
and receive clear instructions.

11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one′s own work, as a member
and leader in the team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.

12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage
in independent and life-long learning of broadest context of technological change.
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar
School of Technology
Department of Chemical Engineering

PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)

1.To analyse and tackle the complex and diverse engineering problems by appropriate
experimentation, simulation, data analysis and interpretation, and, provide probable solutions
by applying principles of chemical engineering in combination to the fundamental knowledge of
basic sciences and mathematics.
2. Competence to incorporate socio-economic considerations in engineering practices, including
the concept of sustainable development, into chemical engineering practice.
3. An ability to work together collaboratively in multidisciplinary teams to tackle multifaceted
problems and pursue a bright career in chemical engineering and allied areas by demonstrating
professional success at different platforms within industry, governmental bodies or academia.
ACADEMIC CALENDAR 2021-22 (ODD SEMESTER)
AUGUST 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 COMMENCEMENT OF ODD SEMESTER;: Aug. 2
2 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
3 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
4 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
5 SEP. 30 31 1 2 3 4 5
6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 FIRST FEEDBACK SESSION
7 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 FIRST IA
8 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
9 OCT. 27 28 29 30 1 2 3
10 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
12 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
13 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 SECOND IA
14 NOV. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DIWALI BREAK : Nov.1-Nov.5
15 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
16 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
17 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 SECOND FEEDBACK SESSION
END OF ODD SEMESTER : Nov.26
18 DEC. 29 30 1 2 3 4 5 FOET Practical Exams : Nov.29 Onwards
FOLS Sem. End Examination : Nov. 30 Onwards
19 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 FOET Sem. End Examination : Dec.6 Onwards
20 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
21 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
22 JAN. 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 WINTER BREAK: Dec.27-31
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 COMMENCEMENT OF EVEN SEMESTER: Jan.3

Commencement of EVEN Semesters: Jan 3, 2022

Completion of EVEN Semester: April 29, 2022 (Total Weeks: 17)

Semester End Examination: May 5, 2022 Onwards

SUMMER VACATION: May 30, 2022 to July 8, 2022


(Faculty will resume office from July 11, 2022)
Ashish Unnarkat Time Table - July-Dec 2021

9:00 to 9:55 10:00 to 10:55 11:00 to 11:55 12:00 to 12:55 1:00 to 1:55 2:00 to 2:55 3:00 to 3:55 4:00 to 4:55 5:00 to 5:55

MON

L-E(20CH302T) T-E2E3(20CH302P) L-E(20EEM505T)


TUE
CHE-5,E002 CHE-5,E109 CHEE-1,E003
L-E(20EEM505T)
WED
CHEE-1,E003
L-E(20CH302T)
THU
CHE-5,E001
L-E(20CH302T)
FRI
CHE-5,E002

Subject Abbr. Subject Name L/T/P No. of L/T/P Locations


20CH302T Chemical Reaction Engineering I Total L 5 E002 E-GF,Lecture Hall 102
20CH302P Chemical Reaction Engineering I Lab
Total T 1 E109 E-FF,CPT/ MT Lab
20EEM505T Energy Auditing Total P 0 E003 E-GF,Lecture Hall 103
Grand Total 6 E001 E-GF,Lecture Hall 101
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University School of Technology

<Course Code> Chemical Reaction Engineering 1


Teaching Scheme Examination Scheme
Theory Practical Total
L T P C Hrs/Week
MS ES IA LW LE/Viva Marks

3 0 0 0 3 25 50 25 -- -- 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES

 To provide understanding of basic principles and terminology in reaction kinetics


 To acquaint students towards basic designing of ideal reactors
 To allow students to analysis the rate data and thereby find the kinetics parameters of interest
 To illustrate concept of reactor sequencing, and evaluate the performance of ideal reactors

UNIT 1 BASICS OF KINETICS 08 Hrs.


Mole balances, kinetics of homogeneous reactions – rate of reaction, type of reactions, reaction mechanism, temperature and
concentration dependent term of a rate equation, searching for a reaction mechanism, rate law and stoichiometry, approach to
reactor sizing and design.

UNIT 2 ANALYSIS OF RATE DATA 12 Hrs.


Collection and analysis of rate data, integral and differential method of analysis of data, batch reactor data, variable and constant
volume system, method of initial rates, method of half-life, differential reactors, least square analysis.

UNIT 3 ISOTHERMAL REACTOR DESIGN 10 Hrs.


Ideal reactors: batch reactors, semi-batch reactors, continuous-flow reactors, recycle reactors conversion and reactor sizing, design
equations, applications of the design equations for continuous-flow reactors, introduction to micro reactors, membrane reactors and
bioreactors

UNIT 4 REACTOR SEQUENCING 10 Hrs.


Reactors in series, reactors for parallel reactions, maximizing desired product in parallel reactions, maximizing desired product in
series reactions, temperature and pressure effect in single and multiple reactions, adiabatic reactor design.

Max. 40Hrs.

COURSE OUTCOMES
On completion of the course, student will be able to
CO1 – Relate to the basics of kinetics and basic theories to get the underlying mechanisms
CO2 – Interpret and evaluate the rate data and get the kinetics parameters
CO3 – Select proper design equations and perform reactor sizing for ideal reactors
CO4 – Examine the suitable combinations of ideal reactors for optimal performance
CO5 – Decide the reactor sequencing for single and multiple reactions towards desired products
CO6 – Design ideal reactor systems based on experimental data and optimize its performance

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS
1. H. S. Fogler, “Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering”, 3rd Ed, New Delhi-Prentice Hall, 2001
2. O. Levenspiel,” Chemical Reaction Engineering” Willey Eastern, 3rd Ed., 2000
3. J. M. Smith, “Chemical Engineering Kinetics”, 3rd Ed., McGraw- Hill, 1988

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER PATTERN


Max. Marks: 100 Exam Duration: 3 Hrs

Part A/Question: Theoretical knowledge and understanding 20-30 Marks


Part B/Question: Problem Solving, Design and Analysis 70-80 Marks
PANDIT DEENDAYAL ENERGY UNIVERISTY
Chemical Engineering Department
Lesson Planning - 5th Semester B Tech – July-Dec 2021
Chemical Reaction Engineering - 1 (16CH319T)

Lectures Lectures
S/No Topic Taught Remarks
Required. Count

1 Basics of Reaction Kinetics 8 8 Levenspiel

Mole balances, kinetics of homogeneous


reactions – rate of reaction, type of reactions,
reaction mechanism, temperature and
concentration dependent term of a rate Chapter 1 2
equation, searching for a reaction mechanism,
rate law and stoichiometry, approach to reactor
sizing and design.

2 Analysis of Rate Data 9-20 12 Levenspiel

Collection and analysis of rate data, integral


and differential method of analysis of data,
batch reactor data, variable and constant
Chapter 3 4
volume system, method of initial rates, method
of half-life, differential reactors, least square
analysis

3 Ideal Reactors and Sequencing 21-32 12 Levenspiel

Ideal reactors: batch reactors, semi-batch


reactors, continuous-flow reactors, recycle
reactors conversion and reactor sizing, design
equations, applications of the design equations Chapter 5 6
for continuous-flow reactors, introduction to
micro reactors, membrane reactors and
bioreactors

4 Reactors for Multiple Reactions 33-40 8 Levenspiel


Reactors in series, reactors for parallel
reactions, maximizing desired product in
parallel reactions, maximizing desired product
Chapter 7 9
in series reactions, temperature and pressure
effect in single and multiple reactions,
adiabatic reactor design.

5 Quiz + Tests 2

42 Total
Mapping of Course Outcomes with Program Outcomes

Course and Program Articulation Matrix

COs↓
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
POs→

CO1 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1
CO2 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1
CO3 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1
CO4 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1
CO5 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1
CO6 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1

COs↓
PSO1 PSO2 PSO3
POs→

CO1 3 2 2
CO2 3 2 2
CO3 3 2 2
CO4 3 2 2
CO5 3 2 2
CO6 3 2 2
Evaluation Scheme and Rubrics

Assessment Assessment Mapping Contribution


Description Marks
Method Tool with CO to CO’s

It contributes to
30% weightage
Exam Internal Assessment 1 30 CO1 CO2 of Direct
Assessment to
Direct
CO
(Continuous
Assessment) It contributes to
30% weightage
30
Exam Internal Assessment 2 CO3 CO4 of Direct
Assessment to
CO

It contributes to
40% weightage
Direct Exam End Semester Exam 40 CO1-6 of Direct
Assessment to
CO attainment.
Roll No.:___________________

PANDIT DEENDAYAL PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY


School of Technology, Gandhinagar
Re-End Semester Examination – December 2019
B. Tech. (Chemical Engineering)
Semester- V

Course: Chemical Reaction Kinetics Date: 26/12/2019


Course Code: CH320T Max. Marks: 100

Instructions:
1. Assume suitable data wherever required and mention the same at appropriate place in the
solution.
2. Put the appropriate units after every numerical solution.
3. All questions are compulsory.
4. Do not write anything on the question paper other than roll no

Section 01 (50 Marks)

1. Discuss elementary and non-elementary reactions with example. How molecularity and order
of reaction are related to each other? (07 Marks)
2. What is space time and space velocity? Give significance. (03 Marks)
3. Derive an expression for irreversible bimolecular second order reaction (2A  Products)
using an integral method of analysis for rate data. Extend the same to nth order reaction. (15
marks)
4. The pyrolysis of ethane proceeds with an activation energy of about 40 kJ/mol. How much
faster is the decomposition at 820°C than at 520oC? (05 Marks)
5. An ampoule of radioactive Kr-89 (half life = 76 minutes) is set aside for a day. What does
this do to the activity of the ampoule? Note that radioactive decay is a first-order process. (07
Marks)
6. For the reaction AR, second-order kinetics and CA0 = 1 mol/L, we get 50% conversion
after 1 hour in a batch reactor. What will be the conversion and concentration of A after 1
hour if CA0=10 mol/L? (08 Marks)
7. State whether True/False and Justify your answer (05 Marks)
PFR’s in series will behave as single PFR
CSTR’s in series will behave as single PFR

Page | 1
Section 02 (50 Marks)

1. The homogeneous gas decomposition of phosphine proceeds at 649oC with first-order rate.

What size of plug flow reactor operating at 649°C and 460 kPa can produce 80% conversion
of a feed consisting of 40 mol of pure phosphine per hour? (10 Marks)
2. In an isothermal batch reactor 70% of a liquid reactant is converted in 13 min. What space-
time and space-velocity are needed to effect this conversion in a plug flow reactor and in a
mixed flow reactor? (07 Marks)
3. An aqueous reactant stream (4 mol-A/L) passes through a mixed flow reactor followed by a
plug flow reactor. Find the concentration at the exit of the plug flow reactor if in the mixed
flow reactor CA = 1 mol/liter. The reaction is second-order with respect to A, and the volume
of the plug flow unit is three times that of the mixed flow unit. (10 Marks)
4. 200 L/hr of radioactive fluid having a half-life of 40 hr is to be treated by passing it through
two ideal stirred tanks in series, V = 75 000 liters each. In passing through this system, how
much will the activity decay? (10 Marks)
5. Explain the following terms (03 Marks)
a. Instantaneous yield
b. Overall yield
c. Selectivity
6. For a given set of parallel reaction
with relative rates of R and S as

For different values of a1 and a2 (order of reaction) what concentration and what reactor
system will be used. (10 Marks)

------------------------------------------------------ GOOD LUCK --------------------------------------------

Page | 2
Roll No.:___________________

PANDIT DEENDAYAL PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY


School of Technology, Gandhinagar
Mid Semester Examination – September 2019
B. Tech. (Chemical Engineering)
Semester- V

Course: Chemical Reaction Engineering -1 Date: 25/09/2019


Course Code: 16CH319T Max. Marks: 50

Instructions:
1. Assume suitable data wherever required and mention the same at appropriate place in the
solution.
2. Put the appropriate units after every numerical solution.
3. All questions are compulsory.
4. Do not write anything on the question paper other than roll no

1. The first-order reversible liquid reaction A↔R in a batch reactor. Equilibrium conversion is
70% while converts 30% in 10 minutes of time. Find the rate equation for this reaction. (08
marks)
2. Bitumen is cracked 1500oC, the rate is reduced by 4 times than the rate at 1100oC. Determine
the activation energy of cracking. (05 marks)
3. If the half-life of a radioactive material is 33 minutes. Determine the time for almost
complete decay if initial concentration if 15 mol/L. (05 marks)
4. After 8 minutes in a batch reactor, reactant (CA0 = 1 mol/L) is 80% converted; after 18
minutes, conversion is 90%. Find a rate equation to represent this reaction. (07 marks)
5. Derive an expression for reversible uni-molecular first order reaction (A↔ R) using an
integral method of analysis for rate data, k1, k2 being the forward and backward rate constant.
Show that first order irreversible is special case of reversible reaction. (10 marks)
6. Find the second order rate constant for the disappearance of A in the gas reaction 4A R if,
on holding the pressure constant, the volume of the reaction mixture, starting with 50%A,
decreases by 30% in 5min. Consider the initial molar concentration to be 2mol/L (10 marks)
7. Explain with example, (05 marks)
a. side by side and competitive reaction
b. elementary and non-elementary reaction
c. autocatalytic reaction

------------------------------------------------------ GOOD LUCK --------------------------------------------

Page | 1
Roll No.:___________________

PANDIT DEENDAYAL PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY


School of Technology, Gandhinagar
End Semester Examination – December 2019
B. Tech. (Chemical Engineering)
Semester- V

Course: Chemical Reaction Engineering -1 Date: 20/12/2019


Course Code: 16CH319T Max. Marks: 100

Instructions:
1. Assume suitable data wherever required and mention the same at appropriate place in the
solution.
2. Put the appropriate units after every numerical solution.
3. All questions are compulsory.
4. Do not write anything on the question paper other than roll no

Section 01 (40 Marks)

1. The maximum allowable temperature for a reactor is 800K. At present our operating set point is 780
K, the 20K margin of safety to account for fluctuating feed, sluggish controls, etc. Now, with a more
sophisticated control system we would be able to raise our set point to 792K with the same margin of
safety that we now have. By how much can the reaction rate, hence, production rate, be raised by this
change if the reaction taking place in the reactor has an activation energy of 175 kJ/mol? (05 marks)

2. What are reactions of shifting order? Give brief. (03 Marks)

3. For the stoichiometry A+B  P. Find the reaction orders with respect to A and B (07 Marks)
CA 2 2 3
CB 125 32 32
-rA 25 16 32

4. Derive an expression for homogeneous catalyzed system (AR, and A+C R+C) using an integral
method of analysis for rate data. The reaction rate for a homogeneous catalyzed system is the sum of
rates of both the uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions.
What if the reaction set is competitive reactions (AR and AS) Derive an expression using
integral method and show how the rate constants will be evaluated graphically. (15 marks)

5. Aqueous A at a concentration CA0 = 1 mol/L is introduced into a batch reactor where it reacts away to
form product R according to the reaction A  R. The concentration of A in the reactor is monitored
at various times, as shown below
t, min 0 100 200 300 400
CA, mol/m3 1000 500 333 250 200
Find the rate equation describing the data. Also, for CA0 = 500 mol/m3 find the conversion of reactant
after 5 hours in the batch reactor. (10 Marks)

Page | 1
Section 02 (30 Marks)

1. A specific enzyme acts as catalyst in the fermentation of reactant A. At a given enzyme concentration
in the aqueous feed stream (25 L/min) find the volume of plug flow reactor needed for 95%
conversion of reactant A (CA0 = 2 mol/L). The
kinetics of the fermentation at this enzyme
concentration is given on the right (10 Marks)

2. A gaseous feed of pure A (2 mol/L, 100 mol/min) decomposes to give a variety of products in a plug flow
reactor. The kinetics of the conversion is represented by A 2.5P, -rA = (10 min-1) CA. Find the expected
conversion in a 22 L reactor. (08 Marks)

3. A stream of pure gaseous reactant A (CA0 = 660 mmol/L) enters a plug flow reactor at a flow rate of FA0 =
540 mmol/min and polymerizes there by reaction given.
How large a reactor is needed to lower the concentration of
A in the exit stream to CAf = 330 mmol/L? Also, find the size
if it is CSTR. (08 Marks)

4. What are the different rules for arrangement for a given set of ideal reactors? (04 Marks)

Section 03 (30 Marks)

1. At present we have 90% conversion of a liquid feed (n = 1, CA0 = 10 mol/L) to our plug flow reactor with
recycle of product (R = 2). If we shut off the recycle stream, by how much will this change the processing
rate of our feed for the same 90% conversion? (08 Marks)

2. The kinetics of the aqueous-phase decomposition of A is investigated in two mixed flow reactors in series,
the second having twice the volume of the first reactor. At steady state with a feed concentration of 1.0
mol-A/L and mean residence time of 96 sec in the first reactor, the concentration in the first reactor is 0.5
mol-A/L and in the second is 0.25 mol-A/L. Find the kinetic equation for the decomposition. (08 Marks)

3. Substance A in the liquid phase produces R and S by the following reactions:


The feed (CA0 = 1.0, CR0 = 0, CS0 = 0.3) enters two mixed flow reactors in
series (τ1 = 2.5 min, τ2 = 10 min). Knowing the composition in the first
reactor (CA1 = 0.4, CR1 = 0.2, CS1 = 0.7), find the composition leaving the
second reactor. (10 Marks)

𝑑𝐶𝑅 𝑘
4. A+B R (Desired) and A+BS (Undesired) – with 𝑑𝐶𝑆
= 𝑘1 𝐶𝐴 −1.5𝐶𝐵 0.5
2
From the standpoint of favourable product distribution, order the contacting schemes (A High B High, A
Low B Low, A High B Low and A Low B High), from the most desirable to the least desirable. Draw the
contacting pattern in continuous flow operations. (04 Marks)

------------------------------------------------------ GOOD LUCK --------------------------------------------

Page | 2

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