KOKOLOGY

- is the study of “kokoro” in Japanese which means the study of mind or spirit. In
psychology, it interprets the behavior of different people in imaginary, sometimes abstract
situations.
SHORT ACTIVITY #1
1.You are about to travel in the forest, if you could
bring an animal as a companion, Describe its
characteristics and what animal it would be?
2. Along the way you’ve seen a key. Would you pick it
or leave it?
3. On your way to your adventure, there was a river
full of crocodiles would you cross it or go on other route
which is mountains?
4. You are very tired and not so far away you’ve seen a
Interpretations:
house and decided to spent the night there, is the house
new or old? 1. Companions in life
5. No one is in the house, You are very thirsty and so 2. How you react on opportunities that go
you’ve decided to go in the kitchen there you’ve seen a along your way.
water in the middle of the table, will you drink it or not? 3. Risk Taker/Adventurous or Not
6. You are about to sleep, when suddenly doors and 4. Dream House
windows closes, and darkness filled in the house. What 5. Do you trust easily or suspicious?
would you feel? 6. How you react when death comes
 Module 1
INTRODUCTION TO PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

“No two people, not even

identical twins, have
exactly the same
personalities.”
 LEARNING OBJECTIVE
MODULE 1
❑ 1. Explore the concept of personality.
❑ 2. Discuss the factors that determine of personality and three
major theories of personality.
❑ 3. Understand the lifelong process of personality
development and its significance in shaping who we are and
how we interact with the world
❑ 4. Explore the meaning of success, the common obstacles
on the path to success, and key factors that contribute to
achieving one’s goal and aspirations.
❑ 5. Examine the concept of failure, its various causes and the
valuable lessons it can offer in personal growth and
development
❑ 6. Discover how SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool in
the concept of personal and professional development.
❑ are the stages of Kohlberg’s Moral Development ?
 QUESTION #1

PERSONALITY COMES FROM

THE LATIN WORD
_____
 ANSWER #1

“PERSONA”
PERSONAE
theatrical mask
WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
▪ comes from the Latin word
persona, or the mask that
people present to the outside
world, but psychologists see
personality as much more
than outward appearances.
▪ is a pattern of relatively
permanent traits and unique
characteristics that give both
consistency and individuality
to a person’s behavior
WHAT ARE THE DETERMINANTS OF
PERSONALITY?
 S
I
T
U
A
T
I
O
N
NATURE VS. NURTURE
 CONCEPT OF HUMANITY
1.Nature vs Nurture
Are people mostly creatures of biology, or are their personalities shaped
largely by their social relationships? A more specific element of this issue is
heredity versus environment; that is, are personal characteristics more the
result of heredity, or are they environmentally determined.

2.Determinism vs Free Will

Are people's behavior determined by forces over which they have no control,
or can people choose to be what they wish to be? Can behavior be partially
free and partially determined at the same time?
 CONCEPT OF HUMANITY
3. Causality vs Teleology
Causality holds that behavior is function of past experiences, whereas
Teleology is an explanation of behavior in terms of future goals or purposes. Do
people act as they do because of what happened to them in the past, or do they
act as they do because they have certain expectations of what will happen in
the future.

4. Uniqueness vs Similarities
Is the very important feature of people's individuality, or is it their common
characteristics? Should the study of personality concentrate on those traits
that make people alike, or should it look at those traits that make people
different.
 Assignment #1
Take the The Big Five Project Personality Test using the
link below:
https://www.outofservice.com/bigfive/

Make a Screenshots and Print out your test results.

Dimensions of personality
Robert Mccrae & Paul Costa
aka Five Factor Model through Factor Analysis
 Openness to experience

It describes a person’s degree

of intellectual curiosity,
creativity, appreciation for art,
emotion, adventure, unusual
ideas, curiosity, and variety of
experiences. It is also described
as the extent to which a person
is imaginative or independent
and depicts a personal
preference for a variety of
activities over a strict routine.
 conscientiousness
❑It is a tendency to
show self-discipline,
act dutifully, and
aim for
achievement.
❑Conscientiousness
also refers to
planning,
organization, and
dependability
 extraversion
• Extraversion
describes energy,
positive emotions,
assertiveness,
sociability,
talkativeness, and
the tendency to
seek stimulation in
the company of
others.
 Agreeableness
• Agreeableness is a
tendency to be
compassionate and
cooperative rather than
suspicious and
antagonistic towards
others. It is also a
measure of one's trusting
and helpful nature, and
whether a person is
generally well-tempered
or not.
 neuroticism
• It is a tendency to
experience
unpleasant emotions
easily, such as anger,
anxiety, depression,
and vulnerability.
• Neuroticism also refers
to the degree of
emotional stability
and impulse control
and is sometimes
referred to by its low
pole, "emotional
stability".
Five personality traits
 QUESTION

What is
PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT?
❑The process of enhancing
one’s personality through
improve awareness and
identity, develop talents
and potential, build
human capital and
facilitate employability,
enhance quality of life and
contribute to the
realization of dreams and
aspirations
❑GOAL: To adopt a
positive attitude → a
crucial skill to master.
 QUESTION

What are the 6 key

benefits of developing
your personality?
1. Confidence
2. Credibility
3. Interaction
4. Leading and
Motivating
5. Curiosity
6. Communication Skills
 QUESTION #3

WHAT ARE THE THREE MAJOR

APPROACHES ON
PERSONALITY?
three MAJOR APPROACHES ON
PERSONALITY
PSYCHODYNAMIC APPROACHES
--> are heavily influenced by the work of Sigmund Freud
and emphasize the influence of the unconscious mind and past
experiences on personality.
What are the
structure of
personality?
Structure of Personality

ID
SUPEREGO
EGO
 structure of personality

ID =
❑ It is the only personality structure that is present at
BIRTH.
❑ Demands PLEASURE
❑ PLEASURE PRINCIPLE - solely seeks immediate
gratification, avoiding pain and reduce tension
regardless of what is proper or just.
structure of personality

SUPEREGO
❑ Development: Age 5-6 years old.
❑ Demands for PERFECTION.
❑ It is the part of personality that
wants to control the ID
❑ MORALISTIC and IDEALISTIC
PRINCIPLE - it is the idea that we
must do or think or feel no wrong.
 structure of personality

SUPEREGO
TWO SUBSYSTEM:
1. EGO-IDEAL
--> your view of what is right or tells INFERIORITY FEELINGS
us what we should DO. It develops (when the ego is unable to meet the
from experiences with rewards of superego's standards of perfection)
proper behavior

2. CONSCIENCE
--> your view of what is wrong or GUILT
(when the ego acts/intents to act
tells us what we should NOT DO. It contrary to the moral standards of the
results from experiences with superego.)
punishments for improper behavior.
 structure of personality

EGO
❑ EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF
PERSONALITY
❑ REALITY PRINCIPLE - it is the idea that
the desire of the Id must be satisfied in a
method that is both socially acceptable
(Superego) and Realistic (Reality).

❑ It serves 3 masters:
1. ID - pleasure
“It is that part of you thinking that other
2. SUPEREGO - perfection people have needs and wants too, and
3. REALITY being selfish isn't good in the long run.”
THREE STRUCTURE
OF PERSONALITY
Three hypothetical person
Relationship of the:
SUMMARY
Three Structure of Personality
based on Psychoanalysis:
▪ ID - demands
▪ EGO - reality
▪ SUPEREGO - morality
These three structures play different roles
in personality but work together to form a
whole and contribute to an individual's
behavior.
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
 HUMANISTIC APPROACH
--> emphasizes the importance of free will and individual
experience in developing a personality. Humanist theorists include Carl
Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
4. BEHAVIORISM THEORIES
--> suggest that personality is a result of interaction between
the individual and the environment. Behavioral theorists study
observable and measurable behaviors, often ignoring the role of
internal thoughts and feelings. Behavioral theorist include B.F. Skinner
and John B. Watson.
Learning activity #1
Instruction: Answer the given question briefly
and constructively. (Maximum of 10 sentences
only)

1. Based on the three major approaches to

personality. Which idea do you adhere more
regarding the development of your
personality? Justify your answer.
QUESTION #4

What is
SUCCESS?
 WHAT IS success?
▪ It is the progressive realization of a worthy goal.
What is a Goal?
❖It is an idea of the future
or desired result that a
person or a group of people
envision, plan, and
commit to achieve.
❖A purpose or aim, the
anticipated result which
guides reaction, or an end,
which is an object, either a
physical object or an
abstract object, that has
intrinsic value.
Three Types of Goals
1. Outcome Goals (Results)
“A high school student set an outcome goal to
become a doctor.”

2. Process Goals (Behaviors)

“The process goal for losing weight may include
reducing calories, riding your bicycle, and drinking
lots of water.”
3. Performance Goals (Standards)
“The performance goals for losing weight based on
the process goals may be to lose weight by eating
1200 calories a day or less.”
 QUESTION

WHY ARE GOALS

IMPORTANT?
Why Goals are important?

1. Goals give you focus in life

2. Goals allow you to
measure your progress
3. Goals Keep You Locked In
And Undistracted
4. Goals Help You Overcome
Procrastination
5. Goals Give You Motivation
 WHAT ARE THE 8 factors
responsible for success
1. Desire
2. Commitment
3. Responsibility
4. Hardwork
5. Character
6. Positive Believing
7. Give more than you get
8. The power of persistence
9 hurdles in achieving success
1. Lack of Information
2. Lack of skill
3. Limiting beliefs
4. Well-being
5. Other People
6. Own motivation
7. Time
8. Money
9. Fear
 QUESTION

WHAT IS
FAILURE?
What is FAILURE?
❖ It is the state or condition of not achieving a
desirable or intended objective. It is the
opposite of success.
“Failure is just a state of mind.”
It is your attitude towards a certain situation
that determines whether or not you have
failed.
❖ Stepping Stones

7 CAUSES OF FAILURE
1. Lack of Persistence 5. Lack of Discipline
2. Lack of Conviction 6. Poor Self-esteem
3. Rationalization 7. Fatalistic Attitude
4. Dismissal of Past Mistakes
What is SWOT ANALYSIS?
❖SWOT stands for: Strength,
Weakness, Opportunity and
Threat.
❖A SWOT analysis guides
you to identify your
organization’s strengths and
weaknesses (S-W), as well
as broader opportunities
and threats (O-T).
Who can help SWOT Analysis?
❖ Students
❖ Managers and Owners
❖ Professionals, Executives
❖ Career Starters
❖ Practitioners and HR
❖ Doctors and Engineers
❖ Employees
❖ Husband and Wife
❖ Parents
ITS ADVANTAGES:
❖Helps to develop strategies to attain your goals
❖You can be better than your friends and colleagues
❖Shows where you currently stand on the path to success
❖Measures your scope of reaching desired goals
❖Boosts your career, life, and personality
❖Helps to better understand who you are as a person
❖Maximizes your strengths and diminishes your weaknesses
❖Explores and enhances your soft skills and hard skills
❖It helps you understand your preferences and personality
traits.
❖Focuses on your attitudes, abilities, skills, capabilities, and
capacities
Learning activity #2
SWOT Analysis Template
1. Self-Reflection: Take a few
moments to reflect. List your
strengths and weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats in the
SWOT Analysis Template.
2. Action Plan: Create a brief
action plan. Identify at least 3
specific steps to maximize your
strengths, address weaknesses,
seize opportunities, and mitigate
threats.
 QUIZ #1

You will have a quiz next meeting!

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TYPE YOUR QUESTIONS IN THE COMMENT BOX BELOW THIS

POST IN THE MICROSOFT TEAMS
THANK YOU
For
listening!