10/12/23, 3:04 PM Notes - Evernote

Utility Programs, and File Management

Operating System Basics (1 of 2)

System basics include the Operating System (OS) and utility programs.
The OS manages the computer's hardware, enables application software to work with the CPU, and
coordinates tasks.

Operating System Basics (2 of 2)

User interface elements like the desktop, icons, and menus play a crucial role.
OS categories include single- or multi-user and single- or multi-task systems.

Understanding System Software

Operating Systems for Personal Use (1 of 3)

The top three personal computer OS options are Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Operating Systems for Personal Use (2 of 3)

Mobile OS options include Android, iOS, and Windows, while Google Chrome OS is web-based.

Operating Systems for Personal Use (3 of 3)

Linux is an open-source OS used for personal computers, web servers, and various distributions
(distros).

Understanding System Software

Operating Systems for Machinery, Networks, and Business (1 of 2)

Real-time OS (RTOS) manages machines performing specific tasks with precise timing.
Multiuser operating systems, often known as network OS, allow multiple users simultaneous
access.

Operating Systems for Machinery, Networks, and Business (2 of 2)

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What the Operating System Does

The User Interface

Enables users to interact with computers through interfaces like command-driven, menu-driven,
and graphical user interfaces (GUI).

Hardware Coordination (1 of 3)

Involves event handling, interrupt handling, preemptive multitasking, and spooling.

Hardware Coordination (2 of 3)

Manages memory and storage, including RAM and virtual memory, to prevent thrashing.

Hardware Coordination (3 of 3)

Manages hardware and peripheral devices, including device drivers and Plug and Play (PnP)
features.

Software Application Coordination

Application programming interfaces (APIs) facilitate interaction between applications and the CPU.

Starting Your Computer

The Boot Process (1 of 3)

The boot process involves activating BIOS, performing a Power-On Self-Test, loading the OS, and
checking configurations and customizations.

The Boot Process (2 of 3)

BIOS manages data exchange between the OS and input/output devices.

The Boot Process (3 of 3)

Loading the OS involves loading system files into RAM and loading the kernel.

The Windows Interface

Using Windows 10 (1 of 2)

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Windows 10 features a desktop, taskbar, and Start menu for easy access to applications and apps.

Using Windows 10 (2 of 2)

Features like pinning and virtual desktops enhance user experience.

User Interfaces for Other OSs (1 of 2)

macOS and Windows have similar functionality but are not compatible with each other.

User Interfaces for Other OSs (2 of 2)

Linux interfaces are often based on familiar Windows and macOS paradigms.

File Management

Organizing Your Files (1 of 8)

Files and directories create a hierarchical structure of computer contents.

Organizing Your Files (2 of 8)

Files are collections of program instructions or data, and folders contain multiple files.

Organizing Your Files (3 of 8)

File paths are represented differently in Windows, Linux, and macOS.

Organizing Your Files (4 of 8)

File Explorer is the primary tool for finding, viewing, and managing computer contents.

Organizing Your Files (5 of 8)

Naming files involves file names and extensions.

Organizing Your Files (6 of 8)

File operations include copying, moving, renaming, and deleting files.

Organizing Your Files (7 of 8)

The Recycle Bin is used for file deletion and recovery.

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Organizing Your Files (8 of 8)

File compression utilities make large files more compact.

Utility Programs

Windows Administrative Utilities (1 of 4)

Utility programs are integrated into the OS, like firewalls and file-compression utilities.

Windows Administrative Utilities (2 of 4)

Standalone utility programs include antivirus, security tools, and freeware.

Windows Administrative Utilities (3 of 4)

System performance utilities such as Disk Cleanup and Task Manager optimize system
performance.

Windows Administrative Utilities (4 of 4)

File and system backup utilities and accessibility utilities are also available.

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