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Chapter 8 & 9 Exercise

The document contains 8 problems related to fluid flow in pipes and open channels. The problems cover topics like determining flow type, pressure drops, head losses, and flow rates using equations like Darcy-Weisbach, Colebrook-White, Manning, and Chezy. Diagrams are provided for reference.

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mitchellezulu17
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18 views

Chapter 8 & 9 Exercise

The document contains 8 problems related to fluid flow in pipes and open channels. The problems cover topics like determining flow type, pressure drops, head losses, and flow rates using equations like Darcy-Weisbach, Colebrook-White, Manning, and Chezy. Diagrams are provided for reference.

Uploaded by

mitchellezulu17
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Flow in Pipes & Open Channels

Exercise
1. A lubrication oil of relative density 0.9 flows in a 100 mm diameter pipe with a velocity of 0.55 m/s. If the
viscosity of the oil is 0.3 Ns/m2, determine;

a) whether the flow is laminar or turbulent.

b) the transition velocity. [5 marks]

(Ans; 247.5 laminar, 4.44 m/s)

2. Use the pipe-design chart (figure 1) for a tar covered steel pipe to determine the pressure drop (kPa) in
a 400 m long, 50 mm diameter pipeline if the flow rate is 120 L/min. [5 marks]

3. A 800 m long pipeline of diameter 40 mm conveys water with a viscosity µ=1.14 x 10-3 Ns/m2. The flow
rate is 0.6 L/s and pipe wall roughness k is 0.03 mm. Calculate the friction head loss using:

a. The Moody diagram [6.507 m]

b. The Barr Equation (modified Colebrook-White formula)

c. The Manning formula with n = 0.009 [6.852 m]

d. Chezy formula with C = 52 [6.745 m] [20 marks]

4. Water flows from one tank to another through a 65 mm diameter pipe 25 m long. If the tank outlet and
exit are sharp with loss coefficients of 0.5 and 1, respectively; determine the difference in tank levels for a
flow rate of 5l/s. Take f = 0.0055 [10 marks]

5. Water is flowing at a velocity of 2 m/s in a 100 mm diameter pipe of a total length of 100 m.

Calculate the total head loss and the difference in elevation of the two reservoirs using the following information:
• Equivalent length of globe valve: 34 m
• Elbow loss coefficient: 0.8
• Friction factor in the pipe: 0.006
• Pipe entrance loss coefficient: 0.5
• Pipe exit loss coefficient: 1.0 [15 marks]
(Ans: 7.189 m)
6. 1 m3/s of water is flowing in a 0.65 m diameter pipe. The flow is split into a parallel pipe system of 0.25 m
and 0.50 m diameter pipes. Compute the flow rate in each pipe and the total pressure drop across the
parallel pipe system. Use the information below:

0.25 m diameter pipe: length = 1.5 km; f = 0.0045


0.5 m diameter pipe: length = 3.2 km; f = 0.0040
(Ignore all separation losses) (0.804 m3/s, 0.196 m3/s, 860 kPa)

7. Two reservoirs are connected by a pipeline which is 150 mm in diameter for the first 6 m and 250 mm for
the remaining 15 m. The entrance and exit are sharp (K= 0.5 & 1, respectively) and the change of section
is sudden. The water surface in the upper reservoir is 6 m above that in the lower reservoir.
(i) Determine the losses of head which occur and calculate the flow rate in the pipeline.
(ii) Draw a sketch showing the profiles of the energy and hydraulic grade lines.

8. Water is flowing in a triangular/rectangular channel as shown. For a channel slope of 0.0009 and total
depth of 1.5 m at the centre, determine the discharge using the Manning formula. Take the Manning
coefficient = 0.013. (3.825 m3/s)

0.5 m

0.5 m

100° 1.0 m

1 2� 1�
Manning: 𝑣𝑣 = 𝑅𝑅 3 𝑖𝑖 2
𝑛𝑛

FORMULAE
0.397 2 3 12 ρVD
Manning: v = D i Re = Chezy: 𝑣𝑣 = 𝐶𝐶 √𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
n µ

4 fLV 2 fLQ 2 1  k 5.1286 


Darcy – Weisbach: h f = = Colebrook-White (Barr): = −2 log + 0.89 
2 gD 3.03D 5 4f  3.7 D Re 
Figure 1

Figure 2

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