/* PHP cousre content

***/

1- data types :

a : gettype($var1); // get the type of the var1

:String - integer - float - double

ex :
<?php

$var1 = 'amr'; // string

$var2 = [1,2,3]; // array
$var3 = 12; // integer
$var4= 1.2; // float
$var5 = false; // boolen
$var6 = null; // null
$var7 = new car(); // object
$var8 = fopen('amr.text', 'r') ; // resourse

class car {
function carWalk(){
$this->wheel= "mechlin";
}
}

echo "<h2> get type </h2>";

echo gettype($var1)."<br/>";
echo gettype($var2) ."<br/>";
echo gettype($var3) ."<br/>";
echo gettype($var4) ."<br/>";
echo gettype($var5) ."<br/>";
echo gettype($var6) ."<br/>";
echo gettype($var7) ."<br/>";
echo gettype($var8) ."<br/>";

echo "<h2>var_dumb</h2>";

var_dump ($var1);
var_dump ($var2) ;
var_dump ($var3) ;
var_dump ($var4) ;
var_dump ($var5) ;
var_dump ($var6) ;
var_dump ($var7) ;
var_dump ($var8) ;
?>

/
**=================================================================================
========================*/
2- constats // Global

syntax : define(Name, value , case senstive)

case senstive : true or false:default .
true:- means igore case .
fasle :- means don't igonre case .
 ================================================================
ex:
define("FISRT_NAME", "amr",fasle) ;
echo FISRT_name ;
====>'Not defined '
=================================================================
define("FISRT_NAME", "amr",true) ;
echo FISRT_name ;
====>'amr'

echo PHP_INT_MAX ; // constatnt bulit in in the langauge

9223372036854775807

__ // magic constats :

echo __FILE__ . '<br>' ; C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course\index.php // CURRENT

FILE
echo __DIR__ . '<br>' ; C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course //CUURENT
DIRECTORY
echo __lINE__ . '<br>' ; 10 //CURRENT
LINE

===================================================================================
=============================

$z= $x**$Y ; // aritmatice opertaor power .

===================================================================================
==============================

3- logical opertaor :
[and] : condition 1 and 2 and 3
[&&] : same as and but it preferable .
[xor] : one is true [lazem shart wa7ed yt772 bas msh el etneen ]
[||] : or
[or] : condition1 or condition 2 or all
[!] : not

===================================================================================
================================

4 - error control opertaor : [@]

fopen('amr.txt', 'r') // open amr.txt file which not exists .

"Warning: fopen(amr.txt): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\

xampp\htdocs\php_course\index.php on line 3"

// if we want to igonre error and disaper from hackers (file path) : put(@) :
before function.
@fopen('amr.txt', 'r')

//if we want to put custom message when the page is not exists:
@fopen('amr.txt', 'r') or die(' this File is not found please go another page') .

//we can use this method in including files :

( @include('myFile.php') ) or die('not found !!!') ;
===================================================================================
====
for loop:
$lang = ['arabic0', 'eng', 'frensh', ' german', 'china'];
for($i= 0 ; $i<= count($lang); $i++) {
echo $lang[$i] . "<br>";
}

// advanced loop :
1-
for($i= 1 ; ; $i++) {
if($i > 20) break ;
echo $i . "<br>";
}

2-

$i= 1 ;
for(;; $i++) {
if($i > 20) break ;
echo $i . "<br>";
}

3-

$i= 1 ;
for(;;) {
if($i > 20) break ;
echo $i . "<br>";
$i++ ;
}

=================================================
do-while :

$i= 100;
do {
$i++ ;
echo $i ;
}while ($i<20);
===========================================================================

for each (): looping on array :

$cot = array(
'egy' =>'egypt',
'leb' =>'lebnaon',
'sy' =>'syria',
'u' =>'usa',
'ca' =>'canada',
'sau' =>'sudia aribia',
'qa' =>'qatar'
);
foreach($cot as $key => $value ){
echo $key . ":" . $value .'<br>';
}
"egy:egypt
leb:lebnaon
sy:syria
u:usa
ca:canada
sau:sudia aribia
qa:qatar"

===================================================================================
===
functions advanced :

<?php

function getTicker($user , $age ){

$ticket = rand(1000,1500000);
if($age >= 30){
$msg = 'your name is '. $user . "and your age is : " . $age .'<br>' ;
$msg .= 'you are qualified to get the ticket congrats '.'<br>';
$msg .= 'ur ticket ID is '.'<span>'. $ticket.'</span>' ;
}else {
$msg = 'your name is '. $user . "and your age is : " . $age .'<br>' ;
$msg .= 'you are not qualified to get the ticket sorry '.'<br>';
}
return $msg ;
}
$id= getTicker('amr', 20);

// frame styling
function cerateFrame($element){
$frame = "<div class= 'frame'>";
$frame .= $element ;
$frame .= "</div>";
return $frame ;
}

$myElement = cerateFrame($id)
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>content</title>
<style>
.frame{
background-color: #ccc ;
color: white ;
padding :20px ;
margin: auto ;
text-align : center ;
width : 400px ;
border-radius : 10px ;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<?php echo $myElement ?>
</body>
</html>
<head></head>
===================================================================================
====================+
indexed array :
foreach loop on array :

$langs = ['html', 'css', 'js', 'java', 'bootstrap', 'hquery', 'ajax', 'jason'];

$langs[]= 'amr'; // add value to array
$langs[5] = 'karreem'; // reset index 7
echo "<ul>";
foreach($langs as $value){ // key as value
echo '<li>'. $value . '</li>' ;
}
echo "</ul>";

echo count($langs); // length of array in php

'9'

===========================================================
for loop on array :

for($i = 0 ; $i <= count($langs); $i++){ // key as value

echo '<li>'. $langs[$i]. '</li>' ;
}
===================================================================================
==========

associative array :
foreach():
syntax :
["key" => 'value ,
"key" => 'value,
"key" => 'value
]

note ! :
key : accpets only integer and string not array or object

ex :

<?php

$langs = [
'html' => "60%",
'css' => "60%",
'js' => "40%",
'java' => "20%",
'bootstrap' => "20%",
'hquery' => "70%",
'ajax' => "20%",
'jason' => "90%"
];
$langs[]= 'amr'; // add value to array
$langs[5] = 'karreem'; // reset index 7
echo "<ul>";
foreach($langs as $key => $value){ // key as value
echo '<li>'. $key. ' '. $value . '</li>' ;
}
echo "</ul>";
echo count($langs); // length of array in php
?>

note : key must be unique : css , html : if we asign many values it takes last one
==============================================================

multi dimention array :

$diet = array(
"dayOne" => array('meat', 'bread', 'banaana', 'apple', 'kewi') ,
"dayTwo" => array('bread', 'strawibey', 'apple') ,
"dayThree" => array('milk', 'fish', 'banaana', 'meat', 'kewi') ,
"dayFour" => array('meat', 'bread', 'banaana', 'apple', 'kewi',
array(
" dayFive" => array('meat', 'bread', 'banaana', 'apple', 'kewi')
))
);
echo"<pre>";
print_r($diet) ;
echo $diet["dayFour"][6]['meat'] ;
echo "</pre";

looping in associative array :

$diet = array(
"dayOne" => ['meat', 'bread', 'banaana', 'apple', 'kewi'],
"dayTwo" => array('bread', 'strawibey', 'apple') ,
"dayThree" => array('milk', 'fish', 'banaana', 'meat', 'kewi') ,
"dayFour" => array('meat', 'bread', 'banaana', 'apple', 'kewi',
array(
" dayFive" => array('meat', 'bread', 'banaana', 'apple', 'kewi')
))
);
echo"<pre>";
print_r($diet) ;

foreach($diet as $day => $food) {

echo "<h3> in ". $day . " i will eat </h3>" ;
foreach($food as $items) {
echo '-' . $items . '<br>';
}
}
echo "</pre>";

output :

in dayOne i will eat

1 -meat
2 -bread
3 -banaana
4 -apple
5 -kewi
in dayTwo i will eat
6 -bread
7 -strawibey
8 -apple
in dayThree i will eat
9 -milk
10 -fish
11 -banaana
12 -meat
13 -kewi
in dayFour i will eat
14 -meat
15 -bread
16 -banaana
17 -apple
18 -kewi
======================================================================

array methods :

$array = [
'html',
'css',
'php' ,
'js' ,
'mysql' ,
'ruby',
'python'
] ;

1 - in_ array : - // check if it's exits in in the array

function : in_array(needle, hystack, type )

if(in_array('amr', $array ,true )){

echo 'yes its exist';
}
true : means identical in data type .
==============================================
2 - array_search :
function : array_search(needle, hystack, type )

$search = array_search('css', $array , true);

echo 'yes its found in index '. $search;

====> "yes its found in index 1" .

==============================================

3- array_key_exists(needle , hystack) // search in array associative or indexed

if(array_key_exists("html", $array)){ // 'html is a key

echo 'yes its found ';
}

if(array_key_exists("html", $array)){
echo 'yes its found ';
}else {
echo 'no' ;
}
'no' : because it's not key but if we add in associative array : yes its found .

if(array_key_exists(2, $array)){ // index

echo 'yes its found ' . $array[2];
}else {
echo 'no' ;
}
'yes its found php'
===============================================================================
add items to array :

1 - array_push (array , value1, value 2 , value N) // add elements to end of the

array .

array_push($array , 'amr' , 'kareem');

echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '<

$array = [
'html',
'css',
'php' ,
'js' ,
'mysql' ,
'ruby',
'python'
] ;

Array
(
[0] => html
[1] => css
[2] => php
[3] => js
[4] => mysql
[5] => ruby
[6] => python
[7] => amr
[8] => kareem
)

===========================================

array_unshift() // add element to start of the array .

array_unshift($array , 'amr' , 'kareem');

echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';

Array
(
[0] => amr
[1] => kareem
[2] => html
[3] => css
[4] => php
[5] => js
[6] => mysql
[7] => ruby
[8] => python
)

=======================================================
deleting array :
1 - array_pop(array) //delete the last element in the array .

array_pop($array);
echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';
?>

Array
(
[0] => html
[1] => css
[2] => php
[3] => js
[4] => mysql
[5] => ruby
)

======================================

2- array_shift : delete the first element in the Array .

array_shift($array);
echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';
?>

Array
(
[0] => css
[1] => php
[2] => js
[3] => mysql
[4] => ruby
[5] => python
)

================================================================================

sort indexed Array :

sort(array , sortting type) // sort string array alphapitical .

sort($array);
echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';
============================
methods of sort :

sort($array, SORT_STRING); // treat numbers as string : from A to Z

Array
(
[0] => 10
[1] => 20
[2] => ass
[3] => html
[4] => js
[5] => mysql
[6] => php
[7] => python
[8] => ruby
)
============================
rsort() : //reverse sort from Z to A

rsort($array, SORT_STRING);

===================================================================================
=====================

2 - sort associative array :

1 - asort(array , sorting type) : // sort associative array from A to Z

alphapitical

$array = [
"ass" => 80 ,
"php" => 20 ,
"js" => 10 , /// sort the value not the key
"mysql" => 50 ,
"ruby" => 70 ,
"python" => 60
] ;

asort($array, SORT_STRING);
echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';

so the resuly :

Array
(
[js] => 10
[php] => 20
[mysql] => 50
[python] => 60 // sort value for smaller to bigger
[ruby] => 70
[ass] => 80
)

=================================
2- arsort () // sort the value in reverse in associative array from bigger to
smaller alphapitical:

arsort($array, SORT_STRING);
Array
(
[ass] => 80
[ruby] => 70
 [python] => 60
[mysql] => 50
[php] => 20
[js] => 10
)
=========================

to sort the key in associative array :

1- ksort() sort the key from A to Z alphapitical : //key sort

ksort($array, SORT_STRING);

Array
(
[ass] => 80
[js] => 10
[mysql] => 50
[php] => 20
[python] => 60
[ruby] => 70
)
=================

2- krsort() : // key reversed sort alphapitical .

krsort($array, SORT_STRING);

Array
(
[ruby] => 70
[python] => 60
[php] => 20
[mysql] => 50
[js] => 10
[ass] => 80
)

=========================================

array_reverse( array , peserve ) : // arrange array from last one to first one
preserve : true or fasle
true : preserve the index of the last one as its 5 it goes to the first line with
index

$array = [
"ass" ,
"php" ,
"js" ,
"mysql" ,
"ruby" ,
"python"
] ;

$reversedAray = array_reverse($array);
echo '<pre>';
print_r($reversedAray);
echo '</pre>';
result :
when preserve its fasle : array_reverse($array, fasle ) // default value
Array
(
[0] => python
[1] => ruby
[2] => mysql
[3] => js
[4] => php
[5] => ass
)
but when it is true : array_reverse($array, true ) //preserve the index value

Array
(
[5] => python
[4] => ruby
[3] => mysql
[2] => js
[1] => php
[0] => ass
)

// preserve the index 5 in the first one

===========================================================

2 - shuffle(array)

shuffle($array); // each reload random the arrangent of the array

Array
(
[0] => php
[1] => mysql
[2] => ass // random
[3] => ruby
[4] => python
[5] => js
)
===================================================================

array_fill(index , number , value) : //used to fill array by value

$fill = array_fill(2 , 10, 'amr');

echo '<pre>';
print_r($fill);
echo '</pre>';

result :

Array
(
[2] => amr
[3] => amr
[4] => amr
[5] => amr
[6] => amr
[7] => amr
[8] => amr
 [9] => amr
[10] => amr
[11] => amr
)

==================
filling by multi dimention array :

$fill = array_fill(1 , 5, [
'amr' ,
'mohamed',
'kareem' ,
'hossam'
]
);
echo '<pre>';
print_r($fill);
echo '</pre>';

result :

Array
(
[1] => Array
(
[0] => amr
[1] => mohamed
[2] => kareem
[3] => hossam
)

[2] => Array

(
[0] => amr
[1] => mohamed
[2] => kareem
[3] => hossam
)

[3] => Array

(
[0] => amr
[1] => mohamed
[2] => kareem
[3] => hossam
)

[4] => Array

(
[0] => amr
[1] => mohamed
[2] => kareem
[3] => hossam
)

[5] => Array

(
[0] => amr
[1] => mohamed
 [2] => kareem
[3] => hossam
)

========================
=============================================================

array_sum(array) : //sumtion of all values inside array

$arr = [1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 'amr'] ; //ignore string value

$sum = array_sum($arr) ;

echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';
echo $sum ;

result :

Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
[3] => 4
[4] => 5
[5] => amr
)
15
==========================

array_rand(array , number of elemnts u wnat) //get a random elements from my

array /

"ass" ,
"php" ,
"js" ,
"mysql" ,
"ruby" ,
"python"
] ;

$rand = array_rand($array, 3) ;

echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';
echo $array[$rand[0]] . "<br>";
echo $array[$rand[1]] ."<br>";
echo $array[$rand[1]] ."<br>";

result :

Array
(
[0] => ass
 [1] => php
[2] => js
[3] => mysql
[4] => ruby
[5] => python
)
ass
mysql
mysql

'randomly in every reload'

===============================================

array_unique(array , sorting type , ) //remove the repated elements in the array

.

$array = [
"ass" ,
"php" ,
"js" ,
"js" ,
"mysql" ,
"ruby" ,
"python" ,
"python" ,
"ruby" ,
"mysql"
] ;

$unique = array_unique($array) ;

echo '<pre>';
print_r($array);
echo '</pre>';

echo '<pre>';
print_r($unique);
echo '</pre>';

result :

Array
(
[0] => ass
[1] => php
[2] => js
[3] => js
[4] => mysql
[5] => ruby
[6] => python
[7] => python
[8] => ruby
[9] => mysql
)
Array
(
[0] => ass
 [1] => php
[2] => js // it removes the
repated elements in the top array
[4] => mysql
[5] => ruby
[6] => python
)

===================================================================================
=============================================================

2- String :
=============

1 - explode(seprator, string, limit) //cuts the string and convert it into

array .

// seprator means the point in which i will cut the string

$myString = 'l love php' ;

$myExplodedeString = explode( " ", $myString ) ;
echo "<pre>";
print_r($myExplodedeString);
echo "</pre>";

result :
Array
(
[0] => l
[1] => love
[2] => php
)

// here it cuts form the space between the string

but here it cuts from the slash or any symbol:

============
$myString = 'l-love php' ;
$myExplodedeString = explode( "-", $myString ) ;

result :
Array
(
[0] => l
[1] => love php
)
ex : 2 .

$myString = 'l,love, php ,too, much' ;

$myExplodedeString = explode( ",", $myString , 2) ; //max limit 2
echo "<pre>";
print_r($myExplodedeString);
echo "</pre>";

result :
Array
(
 [0] => l
[1] => love, php too much
)

ex : 2 with negative value remove the last elements according to the last
negative index number

$myExplodedeString = explode( ",", $myString , -1) ;

Array
(
[0] => l
[1] => love
[2] => php
[3] => too
) // removed the last elements which is 'much'

$myExplodedeString = explode( ",", $myString , -3)

Array
(
[0] => l
[1] => love
)
// removed the last three elements which is 'much , too , php'

ex: 3 with limit zero :

$myExplodedeString = explode( ",", $myString , 0) ;
Array
(
[0] => l,love, php ,too ,much //on the same line with index 0
)

=========================================================================
real life example [i want to add link by writing css files ]

$myString = 'widget, clock,coloring , index' ;

$myExplodedeString = explode( ",", $myString , 3) ;
echo "<pre>";
print_r($myExplodedeString);
echo "</pre>";

for($i=0 ; $i<= count($myExplodedeString) ; $i++) {

echo "<link rel='stylesheet' href='css/" . $myExplodedeString[$i] . ".css'>";

//css files will be added in web page

===================================================================================
====

implode(seprator , array) : convert array to string :

, join(seprator ,array). // el esm el most3ar le implode

ex :
$array = array('amr', 'mamoud' , 'mohamed' , 'saker') ;
$str = implode(" & ", $array ) ;
echo ' hello our clients are :' . $str ;

result :" hello our clients are :amr & mamoud & mohamed & saker" //stringed .

===========================================================

str_split(string , length , ) // split string and put it intio array

$str = 'hello o live php' ;

echo $str .'<br>' ;

echo "<pre>" ;
$arr = str_split($str) ;
print_r($arr) ;
echo "</pre>" ;

result :

hello o live php

Array
(
[0] => h
[1] => e
[2] => l
[3] => l
[4] => o
[5] =>
[6] => o
[7] =>
[8] => l
[9] => i
[10] => v
[11] => e
[12] =>
[13] => p
[14] => h
[15] => p
)

=============

// if length = 2 it take 2 words :

$arr = str_split($str, 2) ;

Array
(
[0] => he
[1] => ll
[2] => o // space
[3] => o //space
[4] => li
[5] => ve
[6] => p
[7] => hp
)
==============================================

chunk_split(string, length[default value = 76] ,End[default value \r\n] ) :

$arr = chunk_split($str, 2 , " @ ") ;

echo $arr ;
result :

hello o live php

he @ ll @ o @ o @ li @ ve @ p @ hp @ /// small pices according to number of
length and End vlue is symbol

================================================

str_repeat(string , repate ) : // repeat the string :

$str = 'hello ' ;

echo $str .'<br>' ;

$arr = str_repeat($str, 20) ;

echo $arr ;

result :

hello
hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello hello
hello hello hello hello hello hello // 20 times

================================]

str_shuffle(string) : //randomize words in a string in every reload

$str = 'hello ' ;

$arr = str_shuffle($str) ;
echo $arr ;

loehl , lhloe , e hlol ,l lhoe ///mainly used toi genrate keys or tokkens

==========================================

strlen($string) : /// calculate the length of a string

$str = 'hello ' ;

$arr = strlen($str) ;
echo $arr ;

"6"
======================================+

addslashes(string) : // esacape the qouts because security in database

$str = " i will go at six o'clcok ";

echo $str . "</br>";

$skipped = addslashes($str) ;
echo $skipped ;
result :

"
i will go at six o'clcok
i will go at six o\'clcok // added esacape charchter : used to clean a string
and display infront of the user

"

=====================

stripslashes(string) : //oposite of addslashes (clean slashes from string)

$str = " i will go at six o'clcok ";

echo $str . "</br>";

$skipped = addslashes($str) ;
echo $skipped . "</br>";

$cleanedAfterDatabase = stripslashes($skipped);
echo $cleanedAfterDatabase ;

result :

$str = " i will go at six o'clcok ";

echo $str . "</br>";

$skipped = addslashes($str) ;
echo $skipped . "</br>";

$cleanedAfterDatabase = stripslashes($skipped);
echo $cleanedAfterDatabase ;

============================================

striptags(string , allow ) : // remove all html tags from string like links

$str = " i love <span> php </span> go to link <a href = 'my.html '>goggle</a> to
learn php ";
echo $str . "</br>";

$strippedTages = strip_tags($str) ;
echo $strippedTages ;

result :

i love php go to link goggle to learn php // underllined link

i love php go to link goggle to learn php // removed link underllined used in
security

===============

strip_tags with allow : strip_tags(string , allow) : // alow the tags that i want :

$strippedTages = strip_tags($str, "<span>") ;

result :
i love php go to link goggle to learn php // leaved the span in document
================================================================================

strtolower(string) : // to lower case

$str = " HELLO ";

echo $str . "</br>";

$capitalized = strtolower($str);
echo $capitalized ;

result :

"HELLO
hello"
=======================

2- strtoupper(string) : // oposite of strtolower() ;

==========================================

3- lcfirst(string) : // Make the first letter small // lowerCase first

$str = "Hello i Hove php";

echo $str . "</br>";

$capitalized = lcfirst($str);
echo $capitalized ;

=============

ucfirst(string) : // oposite of lcfirst()

$capitalized = ucfirst($str);

==================================

trim(string, charlist[optional]), trimleft() , trimright() :

\0 null ,
\n newline
\t tab
\r carriege return ,
\x0B vertical tab
" " space

ex :
$str = "hello i Hove php";
echo $str . "</br>";

echo var_dump($str) .'</br>';

$str = " hello i Hove php ";

echo var_dump($str) .'</br>';
$trimmed = trim($str);
echo $trimmed .'</br>';
echo var_dump($trimmed) .'</br>';

hello i Hove php

string(16) "hello i Hove php"
string(26) " hello i Hove php "
hello i Hove php
string(16) "hello i Hove php"
======================================

ltrim() // trim grom left

rtrim() //trim from right
=====================================
// trim with soecific value
$str = "hello i Hove php";
echo $str . "</br>";

$trimmed = trim($str , 'he');

echo $trimmed ;

result :
hello i Hove php
llo i Hove php

===================================================
str_word_count(string , 0[default] or 1[return indexed array] , 2[returns
associative array] , charchter is counted in stringlike[&] ) ;

$str = "hello i Hove php";

echo $str . "</br>";
$count = str_word_count($str, 0);
print_r($count) ;

result :
hello i Hove php
4 // number of words of the wstring

$count = str_word_count($str , 1);

Array ( [0] => hello [1] => i [2] => Hove [3] => php )

===========================================================

2 : returns associative array :

$count = str_word_count($str , 2);

echo "<pre>";
print_r($count) ;
echo "</pre>";

hello i Hove php

Array
(
[0] => hello // the key is the index of the word hello and the value is
hello
[6] => i
 [8] => Hove
[13] => php
)

=============================================
analayiz rhe link as variables
$str = "name='amr'&age'23'address='elshek ";

$count = parse_str($str);
echo $name ;
echo $age ;
echo $address ;

result :
'amr'
'23'
'elshek'

=========================================

// if i want to put hte resulted string in array add second parameter :

parse_str(string ,array) :

ex :

$str = "name='amr'&age='23'&address='elshek'";

$count = parse_str($str, $array);

echo "<pre>" ;
print_r($array);
echo "</pre>" ;

result :

Array
(
[name] => 'amr'
[age] => '23'
[address] => 'elshek'
)

========================================================

nl2br(string, Xhtml) : // new line to break <br> // change the \n to <br>

$str = " hello i love php very \n much ";

echo $str
echo nl2br($str);

result :

hello i love php very much hello i love php very

much "

=========================================================
1- strpos(string, the word i want to search , the starting index i want to search
from)

$str = " hello i love php very \n much ";

echo $str ;
echo strpos($str, "very", 0);

result :
18 : the index of "very"

2- stripos(): //case insenstive // search incase of capital or small

3- strrpos() : // strinf right postion //search from right

4- strripos() : // strinf right postion and case insenstive //search from right

$str = " hello i love php very much very ";

echo strrpos($str, "very", -2); // negative count from right

=======================================

strstr(string, search ,beforsearch[optional]) : //search the word with after

words only or befor only //important

ex :

$str = "[email protected]". "<br>";

echo $str;
echo strstr($str,'@');
echo strstr($str,'@', false); // get the all words before "@"
echo strstr($str,'@', true); //defalut : get the all words after "@"

result :
@gmail.com // default with no third parameter
@gmail.com // all words after @
amrmohsen72 // // all words before @

2- echo stristr($str,'@'); search igonre insenstive

===================================================================================
====

strcmp(string1 ,string2) // string compare

results :
[0] : means string1 = string2 ,

ex 1: [string1 = string2]

$str1 = "helloooo" ;
$str2= "hello";
echo strcmp($str1, $str2);

result: 0

ex: 2

$str1 = "helloooo0000000000" ;
$str2= "hello";
echo strcmp($str1, $str2);

result: 13 //string1 > string2 by 13 charchters

ex : 3
$str1 ="hello" ;
$str2= "helloooo0000000000" ;

echo strcmp($str1, $str2);

-13 // string2 > string1 by 13
==========================================================

strcmp(string1 ,string2, number) string compare the four of first three numbers

$str1 ="PHPPPPPPPP" ;
$str2= "PHP" ;

echo strncmp($str1, $str2, 4);

result : 1 // means that copmares from first four numbers

====================================================
stringrev(string) : /// reverse the string words

$str1 ="amr" ;
echo strrev($str1);

result :
"rma"

=========================================
substr(string[req], start[req], length [optional]) : // subract string

ex :
$str1 ="i love php so much" ;
$pice = substr($str1,7) ;
echo $pice ;

result :
"php so much"

ex : 2 //with length parameter which is length of cuuting

$str1 ="i love php so much" ;

$pice = substr($str1,7,3) ;
echo $pice ;
"php"
==============
substr() with negative value : /search from lasst element(right) :

ex:
$str1 ="i love php so much" ;
$pice = substr($str1,-6,3) ; 3 : number of piece
echo $pice ;
"o m"
==================

length with negative value : // all from right

$str1 ="i love php so m uch" ;
$pice = substr($str1,-3,-2) ;
echo $pice ;
================================

substr_count(string ,substring , start ,length) :

$str1 ="i love php so much i love php so much" ;

$pice = substr_count($str1, " php") ;
echo $pice ;

result: "2" // the repated number o php text in the sentence

ex : 3

$str1 ="i love php so much i love php so much php php " ;
$pice = substr_count($str1, " php", 1 ) ;

result : " 4 " // start search from count for "php" words in string

ex : 4
$pice = substr_count($str1, " php", 1 , 30) ;

result: "2"

======================================================

substr_compare(string1 , string2 , start postion , length , case senstive ) :

// copmare the firsst letter in word according to alphapitical order .

ex: 1

$str1 ="zmr" ;
$str2 = "osama";
$copmare = substr_compare($str1 , $str2 ,0 );
echo $copmare ;

result : 1 // str1 > str2 in(z > o in alphapitical)

--------------------------
$str1 ="heloo osama" ;
$str2 = "osama";
$copmare = substr_compare($str1 , $str2 ,0 );
echo $copmare ;

result = -1 // str2 > str1 in(o > h in alphapitical)

----------------------------

$str1 ="heloo osama" ;

$str2 = "osama";
$copmare = substr_compare($str1 , $str2 , 6);

result : 0 // str1 = str2 where it starts form 6 index and compare (osama with
osama)
---------------------

$str1 ="heloo osama" ;

$str2 = "os";
$copmare = substr_compare($str1 , $str2 , 6);
result : osama > os by 3 letters (copmareing)
-----------------------------------
length:

$str1 ="heloo osamaamr" ;

$str2 = "os";
$copmare = substr_compare($str1 , $str2 , 6, 5);

result : 3 // osamaamr > os when havig 5 length[osama] by three

=============================================

include , include_once : /// include pages in mya page -

include "inc.php" ;
include_once "inc.php" ;

================================
require , require_once : //same as include but if theres no files it stop the
script
==========================================================

FILE system :
--------------
dirname() : //get the path of the file

echo dirname(__FILE__);
$file = 'amr.txt';

result : C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course
------------------
ex : 1

echo dirname(__FILE__);

$file = 'amr.txt';
if(file_exists($file)) {
echo "good ['. $file.'] is fonund" ;
file_put_contents($file, "add with php"); // it will write the following
inside the file
}
}
else {
echo " sorry ['. $file.'] is Not fonund" ;
}

result : sorry ['. amr.txt.'] is Not fonund

// if the file is not found the function file_put_contents() will create it .

echo " sorry ['. $file.'] is Not fonund but o cerated it with php" ;
file_put_contents($file, "add with php"); /// create flie if not exists

=========================================
is_writable() : // able to write inside it not read Only
if(is_writable($file)) {
echo " good ['. $file.'] is writable" ;
}
========================================

mkdir() // create a folder

rmdir() // remover a folder
is_dir() // check is folder

ex : 1

$name = 'amr';
if(is_dir($name)) { // if folder already exists
rmdir($name) ;
echo 'the directory' . $name . 'is derated ' ;
}
else{
echo " no files here";
}
"no files here"
----------------------

$name = 'mohsen';
if(is_dir($name)) {
echo " file already existes";
}
else{

mkdir($name) ; //if files is not exits create it

echo 'the directory' . $name . 'is cerated ' ;
}
---==================================

dirname('path') : // directory name or folder name

echo __FILE__ ;
result " C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course\index.php "
-------------
echo dirname(__FILE__);
result : "C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course "

-================
ex ;

include dirname(__FILE__). "/mohsen/in/test.php"; // C:\xampp\htdocs\

php_course/mohsen/in/test.php

"text from includssde"

==============
note : dirname(__FILE__) = __DIR__ // in php5

==================================

basename(path , suffex) :

echo basename(__FILE__ ) // get the name of m file

result : "index.php"

----
echo basename(__FILE__ , '.php') // the second parameter is the word that i
want to remove like profiles

result : "index' .
============

advanced example : // so easy

if(file_exists(__DIR__ . '/PHP')) { // check if the dri is exits

echo "this directory is exitis " ;
} else {
mkdir(__DIR__ . '/PHP'); // make the directory
}

$directory = __DIR__ . "/PHP/"; // assign directory to variables

file_put_contents($directory . "text.php", "heloo world");

$myfile = $directory . "text.php" ;

chmod($myfile , 0444) ; // 0444 : read only mode

if(is_writable($myfile)) { // check if the file is writable

file_put_contents($myfile , "my write");
} else {
chmod($myfile , 0755); // change mode to writeable
file_put_contents($myfile , '<?php echo "congrats !!" ?>' );
}

include $myfile ; // include the file that i have been created to my page

========================================================

file_put_contents(file , data , mode , context )

mode :

FILE_APPEND : // use to add content without removing the old content

LOCK_EX : // used to not make many person write at the same time
FLIE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH

ex :
file_put_contents("amr.text" , "this created by php" , FILE_APPEND) ; //
add over old and dont delete it .
file_put_contents("amr.text" , "this created by php" , LOCK_EX) ; //
lcok file not other users
file_put_contents("amr.text" , "this created by php" , LOCK_EX | FILE_APPEND) ;
// use two together

===================================================================================
==========================================
copy(oldefile , newfile ) ;
copy("amr.txt" , "amr_new.txt") ;

function to make backup file : -

function copyMe($extionsion) {
$orginal = __FILE__ ;
return copy($orginal, $orginal . '.' . $extionsion );
}
copyMe("cool");
======================================
rename(oldname, newname) :

// used to rename file to other name also it can move it to other directory

1- use it to only rename file

rename("amr.txt",file.txt");

2- use it to move file in a folder and aslo rename it

mkdir("profile");
rename("amr.txt", __DIR__ . "/profile/file.txt");

============================================================================
pathinfo(path , options) ;

echo "<pre>";
print_r( pathinfo(__FILE__));
echo "</pre>";

result : array
Array
(
[dirname] => C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course
[basename] => index.php
[extension] => php
[filename] => index
)

// if i want to prrint any properties of path write it in the second parameter

print_r( pathinfo(__FILE__ , PATHINFO_DIRNAME));

result : "C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course "

--------
$links = pathinfo(__FILE__ );
echo $links["extension"];

result : "php"
====================================

unlink(filename , context ) , // used to delete the entire file

unlink(__DIR__ ."/profile/file.txt");

ex : // very easy

$myFile = __DIR__ ."/profile/file.txt" ;

if( file_exists($myFile) && is_writable($myFile)){
unlink($myFile);
echo "file deleted!" ;
}else {
if(file_exists($myFile)) {
echo "the file is unwriteble and cant deletes it";
chmod($myFile , 0777);
}
}
===============================
rmdir() / remove the directory[file] ;
rmdir('profile');

========================================================

scandir(dir, sort ,context ) /scan the folders inside the file

ex :
$myFolder = __DIR__ . '/amr' ;
$file = scandir($myFolder);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($file) ;
echo "</pre>";

result : // array of files of my folders

Array
(
[0] => .
[1] => ..
[2] => acsses.accdb
[3] => amr.txt
[4] => exel.xlsx
[5] => publis.pub
[6] => rar.zip
)
--------------
// use sort methods :

1- SCANDIR_SORT_DESCENDING // descinding
$myFolder = __DIR__ . '/amr' ;
$file = scandir($myFolder , SCANDIR_SORT_DESCENDING);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($file) ;
echo "</pre>";

result :

Array
(
[0] => rar.zip
[1] => publis.pub
[2] => exel.xlsx
[3] => amr.txt
[4] => acsses.accdb
[5] => ..
[6] => .
)
----------------
3- use sort none

$file = scandir($myFolder , SCANDIR_SORT_NONE);

Array
(
[0] => .
[1] => ..
 [2] => acsses.accdb
[3] => amr.txt
[4] => exel.xlsx
[5] => publis.pub
[6] => rar.zip
)

// defalut sort of files in the folder

---------------
rmdir($myFolder); // cant delete it because its not empty
Warning: rmdir(C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course/amr): Directory not empty in C:\xampp\
htdocs\php_course\index.php on line 10

// so if i want to delete it i will make a loop to

$myFolder = __DIR__ . '/amr' ;

$files = scandir($myFolder , SCANDIR_SORT_NONE);
echo "<pre>";
print_r($file) ;
echo "</pre>";

foreach($files as $file) {
if(is_file($myFolder . "/" . $file)) {
unlink($myFolder . "/" . $file) ;
}
} /// it will delete the all files inside the folder

===========================================================

fopen(filename , mode , include path , context )// open files

mode : // important !

r: read only starting from beginning of the file (file must be exist)
r+: read and write starting from beginning of the file (file must be exist)
w: write only (open and clear the content) (creat the file if not exist)
w+: write and read (open and clear the content) ( creat the file if not exist)
a: write only (open and write to the end of file) (creat the file if not exist)
a+ : write and read ( open and write to the end of file) (creat the file if not
exist)
x: write only (creat a new file) (file must not be exist or give error)
x+: write and read (creat a new file) (file must not be exist or give error)

note : handle line End

Unix : \n
Windows : \r\n
Mac :\R
===============================================================================

fread(handle ,length ) :

ex:
$handel = fopen("amrs.txt", "r");
$content = fread($handel , 34);
echo $content ;
result : hello iam amr mohsen from the file // from browser

$content = fread($handel , filesize('amrs.txt')); // function filesize() //

size of the file functionally
=============================================================================

fwrite(handle , string , length[optional] ) ;

$handle = fopen("amrs.txt", "r+");

$read = fread($handle , filesize('amrs.txt'));
echo "orginal " ."<br>" .$read ;
$write= fwrite($handle, "this is the new text"); //write inside the file

result : orginal
startthis is the new text
=======================================================

fseek(handle , offset[index] , whence) ;

whence :
1- SEEK_SET : // defalut start from beginning
2- SEEK_CUR : // seek cuurent : +number of index
3- SEEK_END : start from end negative value

ex :
1-SEEK_SET

$handle = fopen("amrs.txt", "r+");

fseek($handle , 4, SEEK_SET ); // i say write from index 4 of "elzero" ,
and then change index[4(r)] with "b";[cursour]
$write = fwrite($handle , "b");

result :
old: "elzero "
new : elzebo
-----------
ex: 2
$handle = fopen("amrs.txt", "r+");
fseek($handle , 4, SEEK_SET );
$write = fwrite($handle , "b");
fseek($handle , 1, SEEK_SET );
$write = fwrite($handle , "a"); // keyboaed cursor or pointer

result :
old: "elzero "
new : elzebo
new : eazebo

--------------------------
2- SEEK_CUR : // CURRENT pointer start search

ex :
$handle = fopen("amrs.txt", "r+");
fseek($handle , 2);
$write = fwrite($handle , "r");
fseek($handle , 2 ,SEEK_CUR);
$write = fwrite($handle , "h");
old : am*mo-sen
new: amrmo-sen
newest : amrmohsen
----------
$handle = fopen("amrs.txt", "r+");
fseek($handle , -4 ,SEEK_END); //searched from the end 4 steps[old
value(amrmo-sen) and repllace]
$write = fwrite($handle , "h");

result :
old : amrmo-sen
new : amrmohsen
==============================================================================

super Globals :

function amr() {
$name = "koko";
}
amr();
echo $name ;

Notice: Undefined variable: name in C:\xampp\htdocs\php_course\index.php on line 8

use Global :

$name = "koko";
function amr() {
echo $GLOBALS['name'] ;
}
amr();

result : koko
-------------------------
function amr() {
$GLOBALS['name'] = "koko";
}
amr();
echo $name;

result : "koko";
==================================================

prefined variables :

$_SERVER[] // server functions

echo $_SERVER["PHP_SELF"];
/php_course/index.php
-------------------------------
echo $_SERVER["SERVER_ADDR"]; //server ip address
::1
------------------------------------
echo $_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"];
localhost
------
if($_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"] == "localhost") {
echo 'you are from local host';
}
--------------------
echo $_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"]; // string after question mark in the link at
the top
name=amr&age=24
-----------------------
$_SERVER["HTTP_REFERER"] : // says what page i gat from used in traffic

echo "you get from the page :". $_SERVER["HTTP_REFERER"];

result : you get from the page :http://localhost/php_course/test.php
---------------------------

echo $_SERVER["SERVER_PORT"]; // port of the server

result: "80:
==========================================================
collecting data :

$_GET[] ;

index.php page :

<form action="test.php" method= "get">

<input type="text" name="username">
<input type="password" name= "password">
<input type="submit" name= "login">
---------
test.php page :

$admins = array("amr", 'osama' , 'mohamed');

$userName = $_GET["username"] ;
$passowrd = $_GET["password"];

if(in_array($userName , $admins)){
echo "welecome " . $userName . " to control panel";
}else {
echo "sorry this username isnot available";
}
=======================================
$_POST[] :

index.php page :

<form action="test.php" method= "post"> <!-- cant get the values in the link -->
<input type="text" name="username">
<input type="password" name= "password">
<input type="submit" name= "login">
</form>
-------------
test.php page :

$admins = array("amr", 'osama' , 'mohamed');

$userName = $_POST["username"] ;
$passowrd = $_POST["password"];

if(in_array($userName , $admins)){
echo "welecome " . $userName . " to control panel";
}else {
echo "sorry this username isnot available";
}
-------------
using server method to get the method :

echo "ypu send the data with " . $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] . ' request ' ;
result : "ypu send the data with POST request sorry this username isnot available "
------------
use server method to check :

if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']== 'POST') {

$admins = array("amr", 'osama' , 'mohamed');

$userName = $_POST["username"] ;
$passowrd = $_POST["password"];

if(in_array($userName , $admins)){
echo "welecome " . $userName . " to control panel";
}else {
echo "sorry this username isnot available";
}
}else {
echo "you cant brwose this page directlys";
}
"laxem el user yegy 3n tarek el form mynf3sh nkon fel saf7a w n3ml q n5osh 3la el
data"
=====================================

$_REQUEST[] // also used to collect data

if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
echo $_REQUEST['username'];
}
==========================================

cookies[]

note : cookies must writen at the first :

setcookie('amr', "test" , time()+ 3000 , '/');

if(count($_COOKIE ) > 0) {
echo "the cookies is enabled" ;
}else {
echo "the cookies are not enaled" ;
}

result : "the cookies is enabled"

------------------------------

setcookie(name, value , expire , path , domain , secure ,httponly)

Name : name of the cookie .

value : content of the cookie ,
expire : expireation date .
path: path of the page which i will put the cookie
path :["/'] : means all pages iside the cookie .
domain : the domain of the page
secure : true or false
ex ;
setcookie('twitrer', "osama" , time()+ (68400*10) , '/', 'localhost' ,true , true);

note : 68400 is time day .

echo "<pre>";
print_r($_COOKIE);
echo "</pre>";

==========================================
simple example to make cookies color :

<?php

$mainColor = '#FFF'; //main color

if( $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST" ) {
$mainColor = $_POST['color']; // get the colo from the form input
setcookie("background", $mainColor , time() + 3600, '/' );
}
if(isset($_COOKIE['background'])) { // if cookie is exist
$body = $_COOKIE['background']; // make variable body to make background
}else{
$body = $mainColor ; // reset the background
}

?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>content</title>
<style>
</style>
</head>
<body style = "background-color :<?php echo $body; ?>" >
<form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']?>" method="POST">
<input type="color" name ="color">
<input type="submit" name ="choose" value="choose">

</form>
</body>
</html>
<head></head>

==================================
To delete a cookie, use the setcookie() function with an expiration date in the
past:
setcookie("user", "", time() - 3600);
=====================================
session :

room1 :

session_start() ; // start session or resume

$_SESSION['username']= 'osama' ;
$_SESSION['favfood'] = 'pizza';
echo '<a href="test.php">Room number 2 </a>';

result :Room number 2 //link

-------------------
room2 :

session_start() ;
echo "hellow ". $_SESSION['username'] . "how aare you" . "<br>";
echo "your favorite food is : " . $_SESSION['favfood'] ;
echo '<a href="page3.php">Room number 3 </a>';

result : hellow osamahow aare you

your favorite food is : pizzaRoom number 3
--------------------------
room3 :

session_start() ;
echo "hellow ". $_SESSION['username'] . " u are in page 3 " . "<br>";
echo "your favorite food is : " . $_SESSION['favfood'] ;

result : hellow osama u are in page 3

your favorite food is : pizza

-----------------------

modify session :

room4 :

session_start() ;
$_SESSION['favfood']= 'chicken'; //session moodiefied in page four
echo "hellow ". $_SESSION['username'] . " u are in page 4 " . "<br>";
echo "your favorite food is : " . $_SESSION['favfood'] ;
-------------------------

session destroy : // logout

session_start() ; //resume the session

session_unset(); // unset the session
session_destroy();

print_r($_SESSION);
===========================

simple counter by session :

page1 :

<?php

session_start() ; // start session or resume

$_SESSION['username']= 'osama' ;
include "test.php";
echo '<a href="page3.php"> page3</a>'
?>

-----------
<?php

session_start() ; // start session or resume

echo "hello ". $_SESSION['username'] . ' how are yout' ;
include "test.php";
echo '<a href="index.php"> index</a>'
?>
========================================================
simple login :

page1 :

<form action="check.php" method= "POST">

<input type="text" name='username'> // the main form
<input type="submit" value='login'>
</form>
-----------------------
page2 :

<?php

session_start() ;
$admins = array("amr" , "kareem" , "mohamed" , "yousef" , "adham");
if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']== "POST") {
$user = $_POST['username'];

if(in_array($user ,$admins )) {
//if is admin
$_SESSION['user'] = $user ; // if is in array sagelo fel session
echo "welcome ". $_SESSION['user']. ' you will be directed to control
panel area';
header("REFRESH:2, URL = control.php"); // redirection
}else {
// if not admin
echo "adimin not fount";

}
}else{
echo "you cant acsses this page directly";
}
?>

----------------------------
page3 :

<?php

session_start();
if(isset($_SESSION['user'])) {
echo "welecome" . $_SESSION['user']. "you are adimn";
}else {
echo "you are not primted to enter this page";
}
?>
===========================================

sleep(seconds) ; // as delay function in jquery

usleelp(microseconds); // as sleep but use microsecond

ex : // it will delay "sorry" 2 seconds :

$name = 'amr';
echo $name ;
sleep(2);
echo "sorry!" ;
-------
usleelp(5000000) ;
--------------
simple function on sleep() :

<?php

function checkFiles() {
if(file_exists('amr.txt')){
echo "file is found" ;
}else {
sleep(1);
checkFiles(); //repat the function untill it found the file
}
}
echo checkFiles();
?>
-------------
time_sleep_until(time()+ 5) :
=============================
exit() or die() :
ex :
<?php

$name = 'amr' ;
echo $name ;
exit(); // bw2af el ode l8aeyt el 7ta de

echo 'heloo' .$name ;

?>

simple function on exit() :

@fopen('osma.text' , 'r')
or exit("file is not exist") ; //w2af el code l8a' hena mohmea!
echo "ho0";
echo "ho0";
echo "ho0";
resul : "file is not exist"
==================================
uniqid(prefix , more_entropy) : //uniq identidir
<?php
$random = uniqid() ;
echo $random ;
?>

result : "5de95352a836c" or "5de953870c627"

--------------
using prefix : //prevent dublication

$random = uniqid("script1_") ;
script1_5de954822feae
-------------------
using more_entropy : // increase randomize
$random = uniqid("script1_" ,TRUE) ;
result : "script1_5de956756825e6.52416164" ; // 23 charchter
============================================
filters :
/*
user input ,
bad cookies
web service
server variables
database query result
*/

<?php
foreach(filter_list() as $filter) { //show filter_list
echo $filter ."<br>";
}
?>
int
boolean
float
validate_regexp
validate_domain
validate_url
validate_email
validate_ip
validate_mac
string
stripped
encoded
special_chars
full_special_chars
unsafe_raw
email
url
number_int
number_float
magic_quotes
callback
--------------------
filter_var() :
ex :

<?php
$string = $_POST['test'];
echo filter_var($string , FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING ) // snatiize : ta3keem
?>
----------------------------
filter_var(variable ,filter type , options);

<?php

$input = $_POST['test'];
$filter = filter_var($input , FILTER_VALIDATE_INT ); / validate the integer
input
if($filter == TRUE) {
echo "you enterd integer";
}else {
echo 'you dont';
}
?>

"you enterd integer" => if number in the input

"you dont" => if string or any type enterd
======================
$filter = filter_var($input , FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL ); / validate the EMAIL
input
$filter = filter_var($input , FILTER_VALIDATE_IP ); / validate the EMAIL
input
// there are many types on website
===============================================

using filter(options) to max max and min number in the input : // options
must be array
<?php

$input = $_POST['test'];
$opt = [
'options' => array(
"min_range" => 1 ,
"max_range" =>999
)
// 'flags' =>
];
$filter = filter_var($input , FILTER_VALIDATE_INT , $opt);
if($filter == TRUE) {
echo "GOOD ! the ". $input ." is between 1 and 999";
}else {
echo 'sorry the ' . $input . 'is not between';
}
?>
--------------
FILTER_VALIDATE_IP example :

<?php

$input = $_POST['test'];
$opt = ['options' => array(),'flags' => FILTER_FLAG_IPV4 ];
$filter = filter_var($input , FILTER_VALIDATE_IP , $opt);
if($filter == TRUE) {
echo "GOOD ! the ". $input ." is version 4";
}else {
echo 'sorry the ' . $input . 'is version 6';
}
?>
result :GOOD ! the 192.168.1.1 is version 4

===============================
validate VS snatiize : // important for security :

<?php

$input = $_POST['test'];

$goodInput = filter_var($input ,FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL);

echo "input after santiz " . $goodInput . "<br>";

$filter = filter_var($input , FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL);

if($filter == TRUE) {
echo "GOOD !";
 }else {
echo 'BAD!';
}
?>
result :
input after santiz [email protected]
GOOD !
=========================

date(format , timestamp) ;
//today :2019-12-07 07:33:18 :

date_default_timezone_set('Asia/Riyadh'); //choose the region

echo date('Y-m-d h:i:s');
result ://today :2019-12-07 07:33:18 :
----------------------
date_default_timezone_set('Asia/Riyadh');
$nextMonth= time()+(30*24*60*60); // make timestamp next month
function(30*24*60*60) 30day * 24hour *60 min * 60 sec
echo date('Y-m-d h:i:s',$nextMonth); // print next month timestamp
result: 2020-01-06 07:35:19 // nextMonth
-----------------
date_default_timezone_set('Asia/Riyadh');
$nextWeek= time()+(7*24*60*60); // next week function
echo date('Y-m-d h:i:s',$nextWeek);

result : 2019-12-14 07:32:28 // next week

----------------------------
date parameters :
echo 'copyrights are reserved to amr &copy; 2010-'. date('Y');
result :"copyrights are reserved to amr © 2010-2019" // waay to use date
------
2- echo date('Y-m-d \of h:m:s'); //esacape backslash
====================
echo date('jS'); // suffex j is print day without zeros , S print suffex (th) :
7th
---------
ex :
today : =7
$afterTwoDays = time() + (2*24*60*60) ;
echo 'after two dayes with sufffex is : ' . date("jS" , $afterTwoDays) ;
result : "after two dayes with sufffex is : 9th"
=======================
advanced example :
echo date("l jS \of F Y d:h:s a" ) ;
result :"Saturday 7th of December 2019 07:06:49 pm"

--------------
advanced example 2 :

$month = 30*24*60*60;
$afterSixMonth = time() +(6*$month);
echo date("l jS \of F Y d:h:s a" ,$afterSixMonth) ;

result "Thursday 4th of June 2020 04:07:27 pm" // after 6 month

===================================================

strtotime(date ,timestamp[now]) //string to time : //easy way instead of old

wa calc // sahla gdn!
1 - $time = strtotime("now"); // time of now-
echo date("Y-m-d :h:i:s" ,$time) . "<br>";
result :"2019-12-07 :06:20:39"
-------------
2- $time = strtotime("now");
echo date("Y-m-d :h:i:s" ,$time - 3600) . "<br>"; // now - 1hour
result : "2019-12-07 :05:25:17'
-------------
3-$time = strtotime("+1 day");
echo date("Y-m-d :h:i:s" ,$time ) . "<br>";
result :"2019-12-08 :06:28:11"
------------
4- $time = strtotime("+2 week");
------------
5- $time = strtotime("+2 year");
result : "2021-12-07 :06:30:16"
-----------
6- $time = strtotime("+20 month");
-----------
7- $time = strtotime("+1 week 2 day"); // one week + 2days
----------
8- $time = strtotime("+1 week 2 day 6 hours"); // one week + 2days+ 6 hours
---------------
7- $time = strtotime("next monday"); // el etneen el gay
---------------
8- $time = strtotime("last friday"); // el gom3a el fatet
======================================

===================================================================================
=============================================================
===================================================================================
===========================================================

MYSQL : database

methods :

1- command line
2-PHP myadmin
3- php software

start connection PDO :

<?php

$dsn = "mysql:host=localhost;dbname=students"; //data sourse name

$user ='root' ; //user to connext
$password = ''; //password
$options= array(
PDO:: MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND =>"SET NAMES utf8"
);

try {
$db = new PDO($dsn , $user, $password ,$options ); //start a new
connection with PDO class
$db ->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE ,PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); //PDO
OPTIONS IN MANUAL PHP
$query= "INSERT INTO items (name) VALUES ('koko')"; //query
 $db->exec($query) ; //excute query
echo "the connection established";
}catch(PDOException $e) {
echo "the connection failed" .$e->getMessage() ;
}

?>
result : if no error : "the connection established"
if an error occuerd : $password = '123'; //password " then
the connection failedSQLSTATE[HY000] [1045] Access denied for user
'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
============================================================
data types :

tiny : integer => Max charchters [ 4 ]

small : integer => Max charchters [ 6 ]
medium : integer => Max charchters [ 9 ]
big : integer => Max charchters [20 ]
int : normal integer => Max charchters [ 11 ] 2.147.483.647 max value in mysql
int type
------------------
date => YYYY-MM-DD
datetime => YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS
timestamp => YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS
time => HH:MI:SS
year =>YYY
=============================
String :

Char => charchter

- store fixed value
- max charchter 255
- faster than VarChar
- use static memory

VarChar => variable charchter

- store fixed value
- max charchter => 65,535
- use dynamic memory
ex :
for($i= 1 ; $i<=500 ;$i++){
$stmt = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO `students` .`items`(`myString`) VALUES ('".
$i."')");
$stmt->execute() ;
}
======================
text : store string
- deal with and compared depend in charset
-store long strings like comments

BLOB : binarry large object //images . vedios

- deal and compaerd to bytes
- has no charset

ENUM : /USE ONE CHOOS ONLY in sselect box

SET : USE MULTIPLE CHOICE in sselect box
=======================
deal with database :
 mysql -u root // enter mysql
CREATE DATABASE ELZERO ; // cerate database
show databases; // show all databases
use elzero; // use elzero database
DROP DATABASE // delete database
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ELZERO ; // delete database if exitis
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS Shop; // cerated database if it's not
exits
SHOW DATABASES LIKE 'shop' ;
+-----------------+
| Database (shop) |
+-----------------+
| shop |
+-----------------+
========================================

tables :

// create table
create table students(
id int(11) ,
name varchar(255) ,
email varchar(2550)
);
-------------------
MariaDB [students]> CREATE TABLE AMR (
-> name varchar(255),
-> id int(11) ,
-> email varchar(255) /// create table
in command line
-> )
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.249 sec)
--------------------------------------------------

MariaDB [students]> DROP TABLE IF EXISTS AMR; // DROP

[delete]table if expists :
======================================

MariaDB [students]> describe amr or ,

show column from amr or /// all three commands have same results
wich is table content
show fields from amr ;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | // describe table
amr
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

========================================================

MariaDB [students]> show CREATE TABLE amr;

amr | CREATE TABLE `amr` (

`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, // show the code of
creating table to edit in the future
`id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 |

=====================================

MariaDB [students]> RENAME TABLE students TO kareem , items TO newItems;

//rename table or more than one table
==================================
change storage engine of table :
MariaDB [students]> ALTER TABLE kareem ENGINE =MYISAM; //
change storage engine of the table
==================================

Alter : add
edit : datatype of column ,
edit the column name ,
edit the arrangment of the column,
add new column

-------
ALTER TABLE kareem ADD password varchar(255); // it will add a a new record to
table but at the end
ALTER TABLE kareem ADD address varchar(255) AFTER name;
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| regligon | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| password | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
===========
alter : drop
ALTER TABLE kareem DROP password; /// delete passowrd from coloumn karrem
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| regligon | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

========================
change postion of column :
MariaDB [students]> describe kareem;
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| regligon | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

MariaDB [students]> ALTER TABLE kareem CHANGE id id varchar(255) AFTER

name; //change id postion after name

MariaDB [students]> describe kareem;

+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| regligon | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| id | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

====================================================
change the data type of the column :
MariaDB [students]> ALTER TABLE kareem CHANGE id id int(11);

MariaDB [students]> describe kareem;

+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| regligon | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
============================
modify :
MariaDB [students]> ALTER TABLE kareem MODIFY id int(21); // as CHANGE but
write id one TIME
id | int(21) .
=======================

ALTER TABLE newitems RENAME osama; //use Alter to change name of the table
newitems to osama ;
======================================

use alter , modify at the same line :

ALTER TABLE kareem MODIFY email char(50) , CHANGE id userid int(21);
--------------------------------------------------
| email | char(50) | YES | | NULL |
| userid | int(21) | YES | | NULL |
--------------------------------------------------
======================
change el tarmeez by alter :
ALTER TABLE kareem CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8;
==================================

constraints :
NULL , NOT NULL , UNIQUE , primary key , foregin key

ALTER TABLE kareem MODIFY osama varchar(255) NOT NULL; // add NOT NULL
constraint
ALTER TABLE kareem ADD UNIQUE(osama); // add UNIQUE constraint
ALTER TABLE kareem DROP INDEX userid ; // remove UNIQUE from the table
constraint
ALTER TABLE kareem MODIFY userid int(21) NOT NULL UNIQUE ; //add not null and
UNIQUE at the same line
--------------------------------------------
primary key :

cerate new primary key with new table :

CREATE TABLE teachers (

tid int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY , // at the same line
tname VARCHAR(255)
);

second method :
CREATE TABLE teachers (
tid int NOT NULL ,
tname VARCHAR(255) , // alone at the end
PRIMARY KEY(tid)
);
----------------
create[ add ] primary key at the existing table :

ALTER TABLE kareem ADD PRIMARY KEY(userid); // add primary key to adress in
table kareem
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| regligon | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | char(50) | YES | | NULL | |
| userid | int(21) | NO | PRI | NULL | | //primary key
| address | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
-----------------------
drop primary key :

ALTER TABLE kareem DROP PRIMARY KEY;

form phpmyadmin //structue ->primary

=================================================
foregin key :

// CREATE table clients :

CREATE TABLE clients( //parent[REFERENCES] table

id int NOT null ,
userName varchar(255) unique ,
email varchar(255) unique ,
PRIMARY KEY (id) // id which know other table
);

-----------------
// create table orders //child table

CREATE TABLE orders(

order_id int NOT null ,
price varchar(255) ,
client_id int NOT null ,
PRIMARY KEY (Order_id) ,
FOREIGN KEY(client_id) REFERENCES clients(id)
);
--------------------
ALTER TABLE orders
ADD CONSTRAINT ordering
FOREIGN KEY(client_id)REFERENCES clients(id)
ON UPDATE CASCADE //CASCADE : any change in parent elemnt shuch
as delete or UPDATE change it in the child
on DELETE CASCADE ;
--------------
ON UPDATE SET NULL //SET NULL : any change in parent elemnt
shuch as delete or UPDATE make the child null
on DELETE SET NULL ; such as example tasks and employee ,
restrict : // prevent delete or UPDATE
===================================================================================
=====
realtions :

CREATE TABLE cards(

card_id int NOT null ,
card_num varchar(255),
client_id int NOT null ,
PRIMARY KEY(card_id),
FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES clients(id)
);

one to one : UNIQUE

=====================================
many to many :
// i have table clients , table shops

// table that join clients and shops

CREATE TABLE shopmembership (
client int NOT null ,
shop int NOT null ,

PRIMARY KEY(client ,shop) ,

CONSTRAINT cons_client
FOREIGN KEY (client) REFERENCES clients(id)
on DELETE CASCADE on UPDATE CASCADE ,

cONSTRAINT cons_shop
FOREIGN KEY (shop) REFERENCES shops(id)
on DELETE CASCADE on UPDATE CASCADE

==================================
SELECT * FROM clients JOIN shopmembership ON clients.id = shopmembership.client
WHERE shopmembership.shop = 1;
// -get the members which has shop id 1 .
-----------------------------
SELECT * FROM shops JOIN shopmembership ON shops.shop_id = shopmembership.shop
WHERE shopmembership.client = 20166233;

// search by id get the shops of the clients

=========================================

sting functions :
--------------------
1- LEFT (sting , length);

orginal string :
-----------------
myText |
-----------------
egypt |
saduia araiba |
canada |
--------++-------

SELECT LEFT (myText , 2) FROM try ; // cut the first 2 charchters column
myText
-----------------
myText |
-----------------
eg |
sa |
ca |
--------++-------
==========================================
3 - RIGHT(string , length) ;
SELECT RIGHT(myText , 2) FROM try;

-----------------
myText |
-----------------
pt |
ba | //cuts 2 charchters from right
da |
--------++-------
======================================

2- MID (string , start postion, length OF THE charchterS) ;

SELECT MID(myText ,2 , 3 ) FROM try;

-----------------
myText |
-----------------
gyp |
adu |
ana |
--------++-------
==============================================

LENGTH(string) : OR
CHAR_LENGTH () // mesure the acutal length in charchter as (euro sign)

SELECT myText , LENGTH(myText) as COUNT FROM try // name th column

length :count
------------------------
myText |COUNT |
-----------------------|
egypt | 7 | //length f=of the records
saduia araiba | 13 |
canada | 6 |
--------++-------++-----
----------------------
order sting :
SELECT myText,CHAR_LENGTH(myText) as ordering FROM `try` ORDER BY
CHAR_LENGTH(myText) DESC or AS ;
------------------------
myText | ordering |
-----------------------|
canada | 6 |
egypt | 7 |
saduia araiba | 6 | //larrange the length assendingally
--------++-------++-----

==================================
UCASE(string) // uper case :
SELECT UCASE(myText) as COUNT FROM try ;
LCASE(string) //lower case
=====================================
REPEAT(string , number of repeats);
SELECT myText, REPEAT(myText ,3 ) AS repeted FROM try ;
----------------------------------------------------------------
myText | repeted
------------------|---------------------------------------------
egypt | egypt egypt egypt |
saduia araiba | saduia araiba saduia araiba saduia araiba |
canada | canada canada canada | //repat
the entire string
--------++-------++--------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------
REPLACE(string , from ,to) ;
SELECT myText, REPLACE(myText ,'a' , '@' ) AS replaced FROM try ;
-------------------------------------+
myText | repeted |
------------------|------------------|
egypt | egypt |
saduia araiba | s@dui@ @r@ib@ |
canada | c@n@d@ | //change the charchter "a" to "@"
inall column
--------++-------++------------------+

use replace in real life :

UPDATE `try` SET myText = REPLACE(myText, 'http' ,'https); //
change any http to https
http://www.facebook.com/ //to https://www.facebook.com/
--------------------------------------------
REVERSE(string ) ;
SELECT myText, REVERSE(myText) as reversed from `try` ; //
revers the text
egypt => tpyge ,
saduia araiba => abiara aiudas ,
canada => adanac
======================================

CONCAT(string , string ,string..) ;

SELECT myText , CONCAT('hello ' ,myText , ' made by me' ) as newtext FROM `try` ;
//concatetion text beside my text

result :saduia araib || saduia araiba made by me

--------------------
CONCAT_WS(seprator , string , string ..) ; //
concatetion with seprator (comma or @ or $ ,etc .. )
SELECT myText , CONCAT_WS(",",myText , 'added' ) as newtext FROM `try` ;

result :
"egypt , added "
"saduia araiba , added"
"canda , added "
=======================================
string :
INSERT(string , postion , length , new string)
SELECT myText , INSERT(myText,3,2 , 'amr')AS INSERTED FROM `try`;
-------------------------------------+
myText | INSERTED |
------------------|------------------ |
egypt | egamrt |
saduia araiba | saamria araiba |
canada | caamrda | //replace from postion 3 two
charchters by new string
--------++-------++------------------+

another ex :
UPDATE `try` SET myText = INSERT(myText, 3,2,'serial');
=======================================================
TRIM(methods[leading | trailing | both] [remove string]FROM String) :
- methods optional if NOT writtten both will be used
- removeed string if NOT used space will be removed

ex 1 :
SELECT `name` , trim(name) FROM `try` or SELECT `name` , trim(BOTH,name) FROM
`try
old : osama
new :osama
---------
with leading: // cut from left only and leave right space
SELECT `name` , trim(LEADING FROM name) FROM `try`
old :osama // here space
new : osama
------------
with option trailing: // cut from right
SELECT `name` , trim(TRAILING FROM name) FROM `try`

old :osama // here space

new :osama
---------
use string to remove:
SELECT `name` , trim(LEADING '@' FROM name) FROM `try` // leading
---------------------------+
name | trimmed |
--------------------------- //cut from the left '@' charchter
@@amr@@ | amr@@ |
---------------------------
=====================================
SELECT `name` , trim(TRAILING '@'FROM name) FROM `try`
---------------------------+
name | trimmed |
--------------------------- //cut from the right '@' charchter
@@amr@@ | @@amr |
---------------------------
========================================
 ---------------------------+
name | trimmed |
--------------------------- //cut both '@' charchter
@@amr@@ | amr |
==================================================
LTRIM(string) : //remove spaces only from left
SELECT `name` , ltrim(name) FROM `try`
=============
RTRIM(string) : //remove spaces only from right
SELECT `name` , Rtrim(name) FROM `try`
=====================================
LPAD(string ,length ,padded string );

SELECT `names` AS oldNames , LPAD(`names` , 5 , "@") AS paddedString FROM `try`

-------------------------------------+
myText | paddedString |
------------------|------------------ |
os | @@@os |
mah | @@mah |
osama elzero | osama | // i want 5 charchters only and it add the
sting[@] to the string if its exseesd it will not add anything
--------++-------++------------------+

RPAD(string ,length ,padded string ); // the same but right[mah@@]

===================================================================================
==
Math functions :

CEIL(number) ;
SELECT numbers as old , CEIL(numbers) as new FROM `try` ;
FLOOR(number);
ROUND(number, decimal(2 or 3 ... ));
=================================
TRUNCATE(number , decimal) ;
SELECT numbers as old , round(numbers) as rounded ,
TRUNCATE(numbers , 2) as truncated FROM `try`

---------------+----------------------+--------------+
old | rounded | truncated |
---------------+-------------------------------------|
4.5 | 4 | 4.50 |
4.5995879 | 5 | 4.59 |
1.6587699 | 2 | 1.65 | //diffrence between
truncate and round is truncate takes the two number but dosent aproxmiate
--------++-------++------------------+---------------+
---------------------
POW(numebr, powerd) ; //power //so easy
POW(2,2) : result : 4
-----------------------
MOD(number,mod); MOD(21,5) : result: 1
=======================================================================

DATE & Time functions :

CURTIME() OR CURRENT_TIME() or CURRENT_TIME; // all are the same

//local time
HH:MM:SS
==============================
CURDATE() OR CURRENT_DATE() OR CUURENT_DATE; //get local date
YYYY-MM-DD
==============================
NOW(); or CURRENT_TIME_STAMP() // get local date and time
2019-12-14 12:56:41
==============================

DAYNAME(date);
SELECT CURRENT_DATE() , DAYNAME(CURRENT_DATE()) AS todayName
------------+-----------+--|
CURRENT_DATE() | todayName|
------------+-----------+ |
2019-12-14 | Saturday |
------------+-----------+--+

set date :
SELECT CURRENT_DATE() , DAYNAME('2016-07-30') AS nextWeek
==============================

DAYOFMONTH(date);
SELECT CURRENT_DATE() , DAYOFMONTH(CURRENT_DATE()) AS monthdate

------------+-----------+--|
CURRENT_DATE() | monthdate|
------------+-----------+ |
2019-12-14 | 14 |
------------+-----------+--+

==============================
DAYOFWEEK(date);
==============================

DAYOFYEAR(date); //the number of days

in the year
SELECT CURRENT_DATE() , DAYOFYEAR(CURRENT_DATE()) AS yearDate

------------+-----------+--|
CURRENT_DATE() | yearDate |
------------+-----------+ |
2019-12-14 | 348 |
------------+-----------+--+
========================
MONTH(date);
SELECT MONTH(CURRENT_DATE());
result : 12
==============================
MONTHNAME(date);
SELECT MONTHNAME(CURRENT_DATE());
result : December
==============================
HOUR(date);
SELECT HOUR(CURRENT_DATE());
result : 8
==============================
MINUTE(date);
SELECT MINUTE(CURRENT_DATE());
result : 17
==============================
DATEDIFF(date1 , date2) //date diffrence // very important
ex:
SELECT id, personDate , name ,
CONCAT( 'regesterd',DATEDIFF(CURRENT_DATE() ,personDate) , 'days ago') as
numberOfDays FROM `try` //diffrence between CURRENT date and the puted date

---------------+----------------------+--------------+----------+------+
id | personDate | name | numberOfDays |
---------------+-----------------------------------------------+----++++
1 | 2019-12-18 02:12:05 | KOKO | 4 days ago |
2 | 2019-12-11 08:02:01 | MOHSEN | 3 days ago |
2 | 2019-12-10 02:02:0 | aamr | 3 days ago |
--------++-------++------------------+---------------+----------+------+
==========================================================================

LAST_DAY(date); // type of month last day such

as [31 , 30 , 29 ] months
DATE_ADD(date , INTERVAL + TIME UNIT ); // add period to existing date
DAY_SUB(date , INTERVAL + TIME UNIT ); // add period to existing date

example :

SELECT id , personDate , name,

DATE_ADD(personDate, INTERVAL 10 DAY) AS added_10_days ,
DATE_SUB(personDate, INTERVAL 5 month) AS subtracted_5_month ,
LAST_DAY(personDate) AS lastdayInTheMonth
FROM `try`;

---------------+----------------------+--------------+----------+-------
+------------------------------------- |------------------+
id | personDate | name | added 10 days |
subracted_5_month |lastdayInTheMonth |
---------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------
+------------------------------------- |-------------------
1 | 2019-12-10 02:12:05 | KOKO | 2019-12-20 02:02:01 |
2019-07-10 02:02:01 | 2019-12-31 |
2 | 2019-12-11 08:02:01 | MOHSEN | 2019-12-21 02:02:01 |
2019-07-10 02:02:01 | 2019-12-31 |
2 | 2019-12-10 02:02:0 | aamr | 3 days ago |
2019-07-10 02:02:01 | 2019-12-31 |
--------++-------++------------------+---------------+----------
+----------------------------------------------+------------------|
===================================================================================
=========================================

comparision functions :

BETWEEN AND : // [minumum <=expr AND <=maximum]

ex: SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `id` BETWEEN 2 AND 6
result :
------+
2 |
3 | // [minumum <=2 AND <=6]
5 |
------+
ex:2 : SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `id` BETWEEN '2016-5-18' AND '2016-08-25'

ex:3
SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE
`personDate` BETWEEN DATE_SUB(CURRENT_DATE() ,INTERVAL 2 MONTH) AND
CURRENT_DATE() ; last tow months - current date
----------------------------
NOT BETWEEN AND :
SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `id` NOT BETWEEN 2 AND 6
1
7
==========================================================
IN
SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `id` IN (2,5 , 6, "osama") //get the idS of these
numbers [if its no exists dont worry ]
--------------------------------
NOT IT /// all exept numbers in the brackets
SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `id` NOT IN (2,5 , 6, "osama")
==========================================================
LIKE
% : (empty or collecttion of charchters) : means unknowen [.....]
SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE '%amr'
sELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE '%sen%';
sELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE '%a%' :osama ,aamr
sELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE 'm%n'
NOT LIKE
-------

_(one charchter).
ex : SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE '_sama' result : osama , asama
ex: SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE 'sam_h': result : sameh , samah

-------------------
NOT LIKE : .ex : SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` NOT LIKE '%sama' // all
expec this

===================================================================================
=========
comparision opertaors :

= [equal ] : SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE id = 1

>[more than ]SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE id > 1
<[less than] : SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE id < 1
<=[less than or equal] : SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE id >=1
![not equal] :SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE id != 1
======================

logical operators :
AND : SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE '%sama' AND id > 100
NOT: SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` NOT LIKE '%sama'
OR : SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE '%sama' OR id > 100
XOR [A condition and not B condition]: SELECT * FROM `try` WHERE `name` LIKE
'%sama' XOR id > 100
[B condition and not A condition]:
===========================================

control flow functions() ;

IF(condition, true , false)

ex :
SELECT name , if(id >2 , 'good luck' , 'bad luck') as result FROM try;

-------------------++++
 id | resluts |
1 | bad luck |
1 | bad luck |
2 | bad luck |
3 | good luck|
5 | good luck|
0 | bad luck |
0 | bad luck |
10 | good luck|
------------------- --|
================================
Case :
SELECT name ,id ,
CASE
WHEN `id` = 1 THEN 'good luck '
WHEN `id` = 2 THEN 'ex luck '
WHEN `id` = 5 THEN 'amazing luck '
WHEN `id` = 0 THEN 'bad luck '
END as result
FROM `try`;

result :

-------------------------+
id | resluts |
1 | bad luck |
1 | bad luck |
2 | ex luck |
3 | good luck |
5 | amazing luck|
0 | bad luck |
0 | bad luck |
------------------- -----
=========================================