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Lab Report Format - Exp 1

This lab report details an experiment to determine the water of crystallization in copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4). Copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) was heated to remove the water molecules and produce anhydrous copper sulfate. The mass loss during heating corresponded to the loss of five water molecules per copper sulfate ion. Calculations using the molecular masses and moles of water lost and copper sulfate produced confirmed the chemical formula of copper sulfate pentahydrate as CuSO4·5H2O. The results matched the theoretical value with no error.

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17 views

Lab Report Format - Exp 1

This lab report details an experiment to determine the water of crystallization in copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4). Copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) was heated to remove the water molecules and produce anhydrous copper sulfate. The mass loss during heating corresponded to the loss of five water molecules per copper sulfate ion. Calculations using the molecular masses and moles of water lost and copper sulfate produced confirmed the chemical formula of copper sulfate pentahydrate as CuSO4·5H2O. The results matched the theoretical value with no error.

Uploaded by

bayzidm22201415935
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course Instructor: Dr.

M Ami

Lab Report
Experiment Name (1): Determination of the water of crystallization of copper (II) sulphate
(CuSO4).

1. Theory
Copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) is hydrated salt. It contains five water molecules
for every copper sulfate ion (CuSO4) in its crystal structure. The water of crystallization is an
integral part of the crystal, and it can be removed through the process of heating, which leads to
the conversion of the hydrated salt into its anhydrous form.The chemical reaction involved in
this process can be represented as follows:CuSO4·5H2O (copper sulfate pentahydrate) →
CuSO4 (anhydrous copper sulfate) + 5H2O (water)By heating copper sulfate pentahydrate, the
water molecules are driven off as water vapor, leaving behind anhydrous copper sulfate. The
mass loss during heating corresponds to the loss of water molecules, and this mass loss can be
used to calculate the amount of water of crystallization in the original sample.

2. Materials
i) Apparatus : Crucible , Heat stobe, Analytical Balance,Tongs
ii) Chemicals: Cuper Sulphate

3. Procedure:

Weigh an empty crucible on the analytical balance and record the mass as 'M1'.Add a known
mass of copper sulfate pentahydrate (around 1 grams) to the crucible.Weigh the crucible, and
copper sulfate together and record the mass as 'M2'.Place the crucible on a heat stove and heat it
gently . Initially, heat it with a low volume to avoid splattering.Gradually increase the heat until
the copper sulfate becomes white or anhydrous, indicating that all the water of crystallization has
been driven off.Allow the crucible to cool.Weigh the cooled crucible and anhydrous copper
sulfate and record the mass as 'M3'.Calculate the mass of water lost during heating using the
equation: Mass of water lost = (M2 - M3)
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4. Experimental Data
M1=47.263
M2=[48.295
M3=47.926

5. Calculation

olar mass of CuSO4)


=(47.926-47.263)/(159.5)
=0.0041
2.moles of expelled water from hydrated cuper sulphate= ( weight of expelled water/molecular
mass of water)1.Determine the moles of anhydrous copper sulfate (CuSO4): Moles of CuSO4 =
(M3 - M1) / (M
=(48.295-47.926)/(18)
=0.0205

3..Calculate the moles of water in copper sulfate: Moles of water = (Moles of expelled water
/from hydrated cuper sulfate /Moles of anhydrated cuper sulphate)
=(weight of expelled water/molecular weight of water)/(weight of anhydrated
cuper/molecular weight of cuper sulphate)
=(0.0205)/(0.0041)
=5

6. Results
=5

7. Error analysis
=(Theory value -experiment value)/(theory value)

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=(5-5)/(5)
=0

8. Observation (if any)

No

9.Discussion: In this experiment, we successfully determined the water of crystallization in


copper sulfate and confirmed its chemical formula, CuSO4·5H2O, based on the molar ratios. The
mass loss during heating corresponds to the loss of water molecules from the copper sulfate
pentahydrate, and this information can be used to calculate the molar ratio of water to anhydrous
copper sulfate.

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