LEARNING ENGLISH WITH MEHA

UNDERSTANDING GRAMMAR IN USAGE

READING AND COMPREHENSION

(UNDERSTANDING TEXTS)

T
H
I
S

B
O
O
K

B
E
L
O
N
G
S

T
O

NAME :
SCHOOL :
 PRIVATE FEE
Book Fee :

MONTH DATE AMOUNT RECEIVEING SIGN

OCTOBER
NOVEMBER
DESEMBER
JANUARY

DARING TO BREAKDANCE

John Ying is a hard-working student at a U.S university.He spends a lot of time

sitting in class and a lot of time working at his computer.All that sitting is hard for John.He
likes to be up and moving.You can see it in the way he breakdances.
It is not easy to describe breakdancing.John calls it part dance,part martial arts and
part gymnastics.He says,”First you need to learn some basic moves and understand the main
ideas.But then,you add to it.Breakdancers all have do not always agree on what is and is not
real breakdancing,John says.”But most breakdancers show respect for each other.”
John started breakdancing when he was thirteen years old.He says,”I saw some
people breakdancing and I really liked it.”He went home and looked for breakdance videos
online.He wanted to learn to do it,but he was afraid to try.”I thought I couldn’t dance
because I’m hearing-impaired.

John learned a lot from studying videos of breakdancers.”I had no one to teach
me,so I had to teach myself,”he says.”That was hard.”John was shy,so at first,he always
danced alone.Later,in high school,some of his friends got interested in breakdancing.Then
they practiced together.

Today John likes practicing with other dancers at school.He is part of a breakdance
group at his university.Sometimes he breakdances at parties,too.He is not shy now.He likes
to show what he can do.
Quick Comprehension Check
1. John is a college student T F
2. Breakdancers do not all dance the same way T F
3. John started learning to breakdance at his university T F
 4. He learned from watching videos of breakdancers T F
5. In the beginning,he was afraid to breakdance T F
6. He doesn’t like to dance with other people T F
Target Words and Phrases With The Definition
1. = tell what a person or thing is like or looks like
2. = start to feel you want to learn more about something
3. = forming the main part of something
4. = not with other people
describe get interested in alone basic
Complete them with the words and phrases in the below
Add each other myself own respect practices shy style
1.Chris and Pat love ,so they’re going to get married
2.I read all that writer’s book.I love her of writing
3.Hey,that’s mine!Get your ice cream
4.I need to more sugar to this coffee
5.It’s hard to get those children to talk.They’re very
6.I hurt when I fell out of the tree
7.Everyone has great for her work as a doctor
8.He the piano for an hour everyday

Topics of Paragraphs
a. John’s start in breakdancing Paragraph
b. How John learned to breakdance Paragraph
c. Who John Ying is Paragraph
d. John’s feelings about breakdancing now Paragraph
e. What breakdancing is Paragraph

In The Kitchen With Hannah

Hanny Kaminsky is a college student who spends her free time in the kitchen.She
loves to cook,and she is very good at it.When she was eighteen,she even published her own
cookbook.

Hannah’s cookbook has seventy-seven great recipes.They are all for desserts,sweet
food like cakes and cookies.So it is no surprise to hear her say she has a sweet tooth.Hannah
also likes fodd thet is nice to ook at.Her cookbook has many beautiful phoos of the
desserts.She took all the photos herself.

The Title of the book is My Sweet Vegan.A vegan is someone who doesn’t eat
animal products,like meat,milk or eggs.the recipes in Hannah’s book have no animal
products.She became a vegan at age fourteen and started cooking for herself.For a while,she
did not eat many sweet things.Desserts without eggs or butter were hard to find.But she did
not want to give up desserts.That was when she got interested in baking.

At school,there is no kitchen for Hannah to use.So on many weekends,she goes home

to bake.She thinks of new recipes and tests her ideas.it can take many tries to get good
results.

Hannah often brings food back to her room at school.That makaes the students in her
dorm happy.They look forward to trying the things she makes.Hannah says.”If you have
food,you’re everyone best friend.”She loves getting the other students’ opinions and
ideas.Those ideas may help her write her next cookbook.

Quick Comprehension Check

1.Hannah is a good cook T F
2.She has a job as a cook T F
3.She is the writer of a cookbook T F
4.She doesn’t eat meat T F
5.She does not eat sugar or sweet foods T F
6.She is college student and lives at school T F

Complete them with the words and phrases in the box!

1. Most students the end of the school year
2. Olympic athletes are people who are sports
3. It an hour to go from here to there by car
4. Joe knows fast food is bad for him,so he is
5. The main of that country are suhar and bananas
6. We’ll have to wait a for the next bus
7. My doctor wants to talk to me about my test
8. What a to see you here!

giving it up good at look forward products results

surprise takes while
Target Words and Phrases With Their Definition
1.With sugar in it =
2.Begin to be,start to change into =
3.A word used to show that something is surprising =
4.A person’s ideas or beliefs about someone or something =
5.A number telling how old a person or thing is =

Understanding Sentences With Because

Choose the best way to complete each sentence.Write the letters.
1. Hannah likes making desserts ( )
2. Hannah’s recipes use no animal products ( )
3. She bakes at home ( )
4. Her friends at school look forward to her return ( )
5. Hannah likes hearing other student’s opinions ( )
a.because she has no kitchen at school c.because she has a sweet tooth
b.because she brings good food d.because their ideas can help her e.because she’s a vegan
A Long Distance Runner
A lot of people like to run in their free time.Running is good exercise.Doctors say
that exercise is important for good health.They suggest 30 minutes of exercise three times a
week.
Laura Gilbert usually runs three times a week.She sometimes runs alone and
sometimes with friends.But 30 long distances.She says,”It takes me about 40 minutes just to
warm up.I start feeling good after two hours.”Each year,she runs several marathons.A
marathon is 26.2 miles long(or 42.1 kilometers).Some of Laura’s races are even longer!
Every year,Laura runs in a race called Il Passatore.It is 101 kilometers long.That is
more than 62 miles.The race begins near her home in Italy.The runners start in the city and
run up into the mountains.They start at 3:00 P.M and some of them run all night.The race
takes Laura about 12 hours.
All year,Laura looks forward to Il Passatore,but before the race,she feels nervous.The
race is a kind of test for her.Can she do it?During the race,her legs and feet and stomach
may hurt.She thinks about a nice,hot shower.She thinks about a nice,hot shower.She thinks
about her nice,soft bed.A part of her mind says,”Stop!Go home!Why are you doing this?
This is crazy!”But she does not give up.She goes on running.”I talk to other runners,”she
says,”and we help each other.”
After 101 kilometers,Laura is happy to finish the race.Twelve hours are enough.

Quick Comprehension Check

1. Laura Gilbert likes to run T F
2. She always runs alone T F
3. Laura thinks 30 minutes of running is long and hard T F
4. She runs in races of 26 miles and more T F
5. Before a big race,Laura feels happy T F
6. To Laura,a big race feels like a kind of test T F
This Sentences are about the reading.What is the meaning of each boldfaced word or
phrase?Circle them!
1. Getting exercise is good for us.It’s good for our bodies.Exercise means…
a.anything you do in your free time
b.moving your body to make it strong
c.sitting quietly
 2. Running for 40 minutes gives Laura enough time to warm up.If you have enough of
something you have…
a.just a little
b.more than you wanted
c.as much as you need

3. Laura likes to run for many miles.She likes to run long distances.Distances means…
a.how often something happens
b.how far it is between two places
c.how tall something is

4. Laura runs in races.Sometimes she wins and sometimes she doesn’t.A race is people
doing something together to…
a.help each other
b.make a new product
c.see who is the fastes
5. It takes Laura about 12 hours to finis Il Passatore.In this sentence,about means…
a.a little more or less than
b.in front of
c.always
6. This race is like a test for Laura.It makes her feel nervous.Nervous means…
a.afraid or worried
b.in front of
c.always

7. Laura doesn’t stop during the race.She goes on running.Go on means…

a.wait
b.continue
c.leave

8. Laura doesn’t give up.In this sentence give up means…

a.stop trying to do something
b.work hard at something
c.ask questions about something

Complete them with the words and phrases in the box!

 about distances enough exercise give up go on nervous race
1. Tom is going to ask the new girl to dance with him.He’s feeling a little
2. They can’t buy a house.They don’t have money
3. Jack sits and watches TV all the time.He doesn’t get much
4. Some bus drivers drive long everyday
5. I don’t know her age,but I think she’s thirty
6. Don’t stop now!Please and finish telling the story
7. The Jamaican runner finished first in the
8. I’ll never understand this homework.I !
Wrap-Up

A.Complete the sentences.Note: There are two words extra!

basic distance each other enough especially even healthy own product while
1. Those two people love
2. China is big,but Russia is bigger
3. That’s tea for me-no more.Thanks.
4. I’ll be back in a -maybe an hour,maybe more
5. Most students have bussy lives, on school days
6. There are four dishes for the four cats.Each cat has its dish
7. Exercise and sleep are important for good
8. This candy was made in Mexico.The bag says “ of Mexico”on it
B.Words as Nouns or Verbs
1.a.How much sleep do you need?( )
b.I sleep late on Sundays.Do you?( )
2.a.Baseball practice is at 4:00 ( )
b.We practice from 4:00-6:00 ( )
3.a.Exercise is good for your health ( )
b.Where do you usually exercise? ( )
4.a.We respect the other team ( )
b.How do you show your respect ( )
5.a.We’re going to surprise her ( )
b.It’ll be a big surprise ( )
6.a.Meha often travels to other countries ( )
b.She writes me letters about her travels ( )
7.a.Do you know the results of the game? ( )
b.The game resulted ina 1 of 1 tie ( )
C.Word Grammar.Label each list of words.Write:Adj,N or V
1. Brain ( )
2.Depend ( )
3.Lucky ( )
4.Salty ( )
5.Affect ( )
6.Beach ( )
7.Best ( )
8.Count ( )
9.Shoulder ( )
10.Human ( )

Bones
Imagine your body with no bones.It is not a pretty picture,is it?
We need our bones.They support our bodies so we can stand.They also protect soft
parts inside us.For example,your skull protects your brain.Your ribs protect your heart.
The bones in your body make up your skeleton.Your skeleton has long bones (in
your arms and legs) and short bones (such as the bones in your finger).It has some very tine
bones,too.(They are in the part your ear inside your head.So,how many bones do you have I
all?There are 2016 of them.
In many places,two bones come together.There are joints at these places.Your
knees are the joints in the middle of your legs.Your elbows are the joints in the middle of
your arms.You need joints to move your arms,legs,neck and back.The human body has more
than 70 joints.
Your elbow and your shoulder are examples of two different types of joints.Your
arm can bend at the elbow,but it can bend just one way.At the shoulder,your arm can move
freely up,down,left,right and all around.There are other types of joints,too.For
example,babies have joints between the eight bones that make up the skull.Then these bones
grow together,so in older children and adults,the joints do not move.
Sometimes people have problems with their joints,especially older adults.Doctors
have ways o fix many of these problems.They can even put in a new knee or hip.These
artificial joints are usually metal or plastic.Doctors can also fix bones that break.But it is
best to keep your skeleton in good health.Are you taking care of yours?

Quick Comprehension Check

1. Doctors use old bones to make new joints T F
2. Bones hold up our bodies so we can stand T F
3. There are different kinds of joints T F
4. Bones come together at joints T F
5. There are about 100 bones in the human body T F

Complete them with the word and phrases in the box!

 Adult fixes heart makes up middle metal plastic support takes care of type
1. Sometimes I don’t sleep well.I wake up in the ( ) of the night
2. Running makes your ( )work harder
3. People buy soda in clear ( ) or glass bottles and shiny metal cans
4. At what age does a young person become an ( )?
5. Ed is an automobile mechanic.He works at a garage and he ( )car
6. What ( ) of exercise do you like best?
7. Water ( ) two-thirds (2/3) of human body

8. Sometimes Eva and Don are both at work.Then a babysitter ( )

of their children
9. Some car parts are plastic but car engines are made of ( )
10. The walls of a house ( )the roof

Topics Of Paragraphs
a. Care of bones and joints in paragraph ( )
b. Why we need our bones in paragraph ( )
c. Your body without bones in paragraph ( )
d. Joints in the human body in paragraph ( )
e. Types of joints in paragraph ( )
f. Bones of the human skeleton in paragraph ( )

Writing Section
You know it’s important to have a good diet (to eat well) for strong bones and a healthy
body.Do you think it’s hard to eat well?Are you happy with your diet?Is there anything you
would like to change?Write a paragraph of five or more sentences about eating well.You can
begin with “My diet these days is good/bad/OK”

Can You Give Me a Hand?

 An idiom is a group of words with a special meaning.The words in the idiom do
not have their usual meanings.Together,the words mean something else instead.You know
some idioms already and you will need to learn more.English is full of idioms.
Many idioms mention parts of the body:the head,the hands,the heart and so
on.For example,someone could say,”My sister Lisa is getting a big head.”Lisa’s head is not
growing.A big head is an idiom.A person with a big head thinks that he or she is very
important and special.Lisa’s brother os sister is saying,”Lisa is starting to think too much of
herself.”
A friend could say,”Be careful.Bill has a big mouth.”Your friend is not syang
that Bill’s mouth is large.Have a big mouth is an idiom.Your friend means that Bill says too
much.He tells other people’s secrets.Your friend is giving you some advice.You should not
tell Bill any privare information,You cannot trust him to keep quiet.
Take a guess at the meanings of these three sentences.Each sentence has an
idiom.Each idiom mentions the heart,but they have nothing to do with the heart.
1. She knows the words to that song by heart
2. My heart was in my mouth
3. He has a heart of gold
Did you figure out the meanings of the sentences?Here they are:
1. She can remember the words to that song well
2. I was very afraid
3. He’s very good and kind to other people
There are idioms in every language.Some idioms in your first language may be the
same in English.If so, the meaning in English will be clear.For example,for some Spanish
speakers,the idiom a heart of gold is the same in Spanish un Corazon de oro
The meaning of an idiom is ot always easy to guess.So,perhaps you will want to
buy a dictionary of idioms.That might be a good idea.Just do not pay an arm and a leg for it.

Quick Comprehension Check

1. Coins are made of different metals,such as silver and
2. My math homework is very difficult.I’ll need help to the problems
3. Don’t tell anyone about their relationship.They want to kepp it a
4. There’s a story in the newspaper about the body’s accident,but the story doesn’t
the boy’s name
5. Why do you need a computer?You have a good one
6. This cookbook tells how to make bread.There ara pictures,too.So the way to make
bread is very
7. Don’t believe anything he says.You can’t him
8. Tomorrow’s class will not begin at the time.We’ll start 15 minutes late
9. My guess is that put your foot in your mouth is an
already clear figure out gold idiom mention secret trust usual
Target Words and Phrase
 1. = maybe
2. = nice,friendly and helpful
3. = an opinion or idea about what someone should do
4. = in place of something or someone else
5. = and other things of the same kind
6. = not shared with other people
and so on private perhaps kind instead
Complete each sentence with a phrasal verb.Use figure out,find out,give up,go on,look up or
make up!
1. You can words in a dictionary
2. Foregin students 15 percent of the class of 2012
3. I hope the party upstairs doesn’t all night!
4. I tried and tried,but I can’t fix it.I’m sorry,but I
5. What’s happening across the street?Let’s go and
6. His writing is not clear.I can’t what his note says

Write a paragraph about a person you know.Begin your paragraph: I think

has….(a heart od gold/a big head/a big mouth/eyes in the back of his or her head)Then give
your reasons for saying this about a person

Giving Blood
Some people cannot stand the sight of blood.They hate to see their own blood and
they do not want to look at anyone else’s blood,either!
Liz Kim does not mind the sight of blood.She is used to it.Liz is a nurse and she
sees bood every day.She works in a U.S hospital.It is her job to take blood from blood
donors.
Hospitals store blood in blood banks.”Hospitals need to have blood ready for
emergencies,”says Liz.”People may need blood for a lot of reasons.For example,someone
might be in a car accident and need blood.Or a doctor might have to give a patient a blood
transfusion during surgery.Here in the U.S one out od ten patients in the hospital needs a
transfusion.”
 Any new blood must be a good match for the patient’s own blood type.The four
main blood types are A,B,AB and O
-people with type A can donate blood to people with type A or AB
-people with type B can donate to people with B or AB
-people with type AB can donate only to other people with AB.However,they can receive
A,B,AB or O type blood.They’re lucky
-type O blood is special.This is the blood type that hospitals want most.People with type O
can give blood to anyone.But they can accept blood only from other people with type O
Not many people give blood.In the United States,only one out of twenty adults
gives blood.In many countries,even fewer adults do.Some people can’t give blood for health
reasons.Others are too nervous.Liz Kim thinks most people just never consider it.”Giving
blood helps others,”she says.”It’s also good for your heart.Please think about it.”

Quick Comprehension Check

1. It’s hard for Liz Kim to look at blood T F
2. There are four main types of blood T F
3. A person’s blood type doesn’t matter at all T F
4. Everyone can give blood to everyone else T F
5. Most adults in the United States give blood T F
6. Liz Kim wants more people to give blood T F
Complete them with the words and phrase in the box!
1. Do you if I sit here?
2. Ralph’s orange tie is not good for his green shirt
3. On her birthday,Nancy cards and presents from her friends
4. Susan has a bad cut on her hand.We have to take her to the room at
the hospital
5. I don’t want to do the same old thing tonight.Let’s do something
6. That fish soup doesn’t look good,and it doesn’t smell good,
7. My parents are nervous about flying,but my brothers and I often travel by plane.We
are it
8. Students can get health information from the school
9. Alan was in a car accident,but he wasn’t hurt.He was
10.We use computers to information
either emergency lucky match mind nurse receives special store used to
Target Words and Definitions
accept accidents patients reason blood
1. = the cause of something (why it happens)
2. = the red liquid that moves through your body
3. = agree to do or take something
4. = people who get care from a doctor or nurse
5. = things that go wron,bad things that happen by mistake
Choose the best way to complete each sentence.Write the letters!
1. Liz Kim doesn’t mind the sight of blood ( )
2. She sees blood everyday ( )
3. Hospitals must have blood ready ( )
4. You can’t receive just anyone’s blood ( )
5. Type O blood is special ( )
6. People with type AB are lucky ( )
a.because new blood must match you own
b.because people with any blood type can use it
c.because she works with blood donors
d.because she’s used to it
e.because they can accept type A,B,AB or O
f.because patients may need it
Summarizing
a. The blood they give is stored in the hospital blood bank
b. For example,people with type O blood can accept onluy type O
c. Liz Kim is a hospital nurse
d. The blood that patients receive must be a good match for their own blood
e. She takes blood from donors
f. Liz wants more people to give blood
g. The blood bank keeps it for patients who need a transfusion

WRAP-UP
Complete these sentences with the phrases in the box!
and so on can’t stand doesn’t matter doesn’t mind figure out in the middle of
made up take care of used to
1. My new job will start at 7:00 in the morning.I’ll have to get getting up
early
2. I green vegetables.No green beans or broccoli or spinach for me!
3. My father sometimes falls asleep of a movie
4. Anna is going to the beach for the weekend.Who will her cat?
5. There was a bad car accident.The police are trying to why it happened
6. We can use Dan’s cat.It’s OK with him.He
7. Do you want to go to the 7:00 or the 9:00 movie?It to me
8. The soccer team is of twenty-four players
9. Should I get all the usual things at the supermarket?Bread,milk,bananas
?
Match the words below with their definitions.There are two extra words in the box!
Consider emergency fix human mention perhaps receive
secret special store support trust
1.Put something away to use later =
2.Repair something that isn’t working =
3.Hold something up so it doesn’t fall =
4.Get something that is given to you =
5.Think about something (before you decide) =
6.Belonging to or relating to people =
7.Better or more important than the usual =
8.Believe that someone is honest and will not hurt you =
9.A plan or idea you don’t tell other people about =
10.Speak or write about someone or something in a few words =

Look at the dictionaries entries below!

HEART 1.the part of your body in your chest that pumps blood around your body 2.the part
of you that feels strong emotions 3.a shape like a heart representing love
SIGHT 1.the ability to see 2.when you see something 3.something that is interesting to see
because it is beautiful,large,unusual

1) Circle hearts in each sentence and find its definition.Write the number of the meaning
a.She spells her name k-e-l-l-I and writes it with little heart above the I ( )
b.I’m afraid she’s going to break his heart ( )
c.What kinds of exercise are best for your heart? ( )

2) Cirle sight in each sentence and find its definition.Write the number of the meaning
a.I want to visit London and see all the sights ( )
b.Sight and eyesight have the same meaning ( )
c.He smiled at the sight of his children playing in the snow ( )

The Galapagos
There is an unusual group of islands in the pacifis ocean about 600 miles to the
west of south America.They are near the equator .These islands are part of Ecuador,a small
country in south America.In English,they are called the Galapagos.
The Galapagos are famous because of their animals.These animals are unusual in
two ways.First,some of them live in just this one part of the world.You cannot find them
anywhere else.For example,there are some very big tortoises here.(Galapago is one Spanish
word for tortoise)Second,the animals are not afraid of people.Visitors can sit down next to
iguanas on the rocks.They can walk very close to sea lions on the beach.They can even
swim with them in the ocean!
Are you interested in birds?There are more than eighty different kinds of them
here,even one kind of penguin.Penguins usually live in cold places,so finding them near the
equator seems strange.However,cold water travels north from Antartica.It brings down the
water temperature around the Galapagos.It makes the water cool enough for penguins.
There are a lot of very small islands in The Galapagos.Thirteen of the islands are
larger.People live on five of these,but most of the land is just for animals.Some of these
animals,such as the tortoises,belong to endangered species.In the Galapagos,no one will hurt
them.The people of Ecuador want to protect these animalas.Their government will go on
working to keep the animals safe.

Quick Comprehension Check

1. The Galapagos are a group of islands T F
2. These islands are part of Ecuador T F
3. They are famous because of their beautiful beaches T F
4. Some unusual animals live in the Galapagos T F
5. People cannot go near the animals T F
6. People do not live on most of the islands,just animals do T F
Complete them with the words and phrases in the box!
1. About 200 countries the United Nations
2. Elephants live in Africa and India.Do they live anywhere
3. I can’t go with you because first,I don’t have the time and ,I don’t
have money
4. Workers sometimes wear safety glasses to their eyes
5. Who is the head of the in your country?Is there a president?Is
there a king or queen,or a prime minister?
6. Some colors, light blue or green are called “cool colors”
7. Colombia is in South America and Canada is in
8. Kenya and Senegal are in Africa.Kenya is in the east and Senegal is in the
9. “ “ means different from most others.Use it to describe something
interesting,something you don’t often see
10.“ “ means unusual but in a way that is hard to understand and may not
be good
belong to else government north protect second strange
such as unusual west
 San Marino
Close your eyes and imagine this:You are a visitor to the Republic of San
Marino.It is a beautiful,warm day in May.This afternoon,you have some free time.Would
you like to take a walk?In one afternoon,a person can walk across the whole country!
San Marino is very small.From east to west,it is no more than 6 miles (9 kilometers)across.It
is smaller than many cities.
Begin your walk at the border between San Marino and Italy(Italy is the only
country that borders San Marino.San Marino is completely inside it.)You can see farms on
much of the land around you.Some of San Marino’s farm products are wheat,olives and
grapes.Ahead of you,in the center of the country,you can see a mountain.That is Mount
Titano.Walk up the mountain to the capital,also called San Marino.It is one of just nine
towns in the whole country.In all these towns,you will see old stone buildings with red
roofs.
All around you,you will hear people speaking Italian.You will probably hear
other languages,too-maybe Spanish,German,Chinese or Japanese.You are not the only
visitor to San Marino today.This little country has only 30.000 people but more that
3.000.000 visitors each year.No one really knows the number.They government does not
stop visitors at the border to count them.People come and go freely here.
Some visitors come because they are interested in history.The Republic of San
Marino is more than 1.700 years old.Visitors may come to see the old buildings and find out
about the past.Others come to buy coins and stamps.People all over the world collect the
beautiful and unusual stamps of San Marino.Are you getting tired from your walk?Then it is
time to sit down and have a nice,cool drink or gelato-an Italian ice cream.Enjoy!
Quick Comprehension Check
1. San Marino is a city in Italy T F
2. From east to west,San Marino is just a few miles or kilometers across T F
3. Bananas are an important farm product in this country T F
4. Many visitors come to San Marino T F
5. The government stops all visitors coming into the country T F
6. Visitors can buy beautiful and unusual stamps and coins T F
What is the meaning of each boldfaced word or phrase?Circle a,b or c
1. You aren’t really in San Marino,but you can imagine that you are there.Imagine
means…
a.make a picture in your mind b.remember c.decide or choose

2. People can walk across the whole country of San Marino.The whole something is…
a.a little of it b.half of it c.all of it
 3. There is only one country that borders San Marino.Only means…
a.sometimes b.especially c.just

4. San Marino is completely inside Italy.Completely means…

a.maybe,perhaps b.all,totally c.of course

5. When you start walking acriss San Marino,you can see a mountain ahead of
you.Ahead means…
a.in front b.below c.inside

6. Many buildings in San Marino are made of stone.Stone means…

a.rock b.ice c.snow

7. From a plane you can see the red roofs of San Marino.Roof means…
a.the front of building b.the top of a building c.the inside of a building

8. Some visitors come to find out about San Marino’s past.Find out means…
a.teach b.describe c.learn

9. Are you getting tired of walking?In this sentence,getting means…

a.taking b.becoming c.buying
10.Some visitors come to find out about San Marino’s history.History means…
a.story b.events c.past

Put them into four categories.Give each category a name!

coins farms gelato grapes Italian Japanese mount titano olives red roofs
spanish stamps wheat
Languages Products Souvenirs Places in San
Marino
 Vocabulary Self –Test
1. It’s always warm there.The temperature never goes ( )60F
2. You should ask your doctor questions about your ( )
3. Wear a hat to ( ) yourself from the sun
4. His story was true.( )nobody belived him
5. It is ( ) to walk alone in this city at night.Don’t do it.
6. He always shows great ( ) for his mother and father
7. Antartica looks small on the map,but it is ( )bigger than Australia
8. Everyone studies the ( )of their country in school
9. Baghdad is the ( ) of Iraq
10.You’ll have to wait a ( )for the results of the test
11.The runners are ( )the race.It will be fun
12.The weather ( ) cool at the end of the summer
13.People often use dictionaries to ( )the meanings of new words
14.Children need ( ),so they should go out and play
15.Eggs,milk,and cheese are just a few of the ( ) of their farm
16.People can go online to find ( )about history
17.Those two kinds of chocolate are good,but this one is the ( )
18.The islands of the Galapagos ( )
19.The air is so cold that it hurts to ( )
20.She doesn’t use her parents’ car.She has her ( ) car
21.He is always saying ( ).No one understands him
22.Texas is a big state but Alaska is ( ) bigger
23.He’s good at table tennis.He plays the game very ( )
24.If the child’s mother isn’t at home,then ( ) her father?Is he home?
 Comparative and Superlative
1. Maths is ____________ than science.
more easy
easier
more easier
easy
2. Who is ________________ tennis player in this class?

the better

the good

the best

better than

3. Tom Hanks is ______________ than me.

more famous

the most famous

famouser

the more famous

4. Gold isn't ____________ as platinum.

more expensive

the most expensive

the more expensiver

as expensive

5. This is ___________ animal in the forest.

the rarest

the most rarest

rarer

the more rare

6. What's _______________ sport?

the most dangerous

the more dangerous

more dangerous

dangerous than

7. Your watch is _________ than mine.

the most cheap

cheaper

more cheap

the more cheaper

8. The station is ___________ as the bus stop.

as nearer

more nearer

as near

nearer

9. Warsaw is __________ in Poland.

the most largest

the more larger

larger than

the largest

10. The plane is ___________ way to travel.

fast

faster

the fastest

more faster
Exercise 2

Complete the following sentences using a superlative (-est or most ...) or a comparative (-er or
more ...). You may need to use both a superlative and a comparative. Clues follow each question in
brackets.

1. This is a really good school. It's one of the schools in the North West.(good)
2. That was a really good meal, probably one of the I have ever eaten. (delicious)

3. I'm surprised I didn't fall asleep. I think that he is one of the people in the world.
(boring)
4. Travelling by plane is than going by car. (quick)
5. He lives from school than John. (further)
6. What is the sport in your country? (popular)
7. David Beckham is than his wife, at least that's what I think. (famous)
8. She is by far the woman in the world. (rich)
9. She is just a little bit than I am. (tall)
10. School days are supposed to be the days of your life but I don't agree.(happy)

Demonstrative Pronoun
A. Fill in the blanks with This/That/These/Those
1. ruler is in my hand N
2. tower is very high F
3. that is an aeroplane F
4. is a chair N
5. are horses F
6. are apples N
7. is a bull F
8. is a bicycle N
9. is a blouse N
10. are shoes F
11. are sweets N
12. is a kite F
13. houses are beautiful N
14. beggar is very poor F
15. Is girl diligent? F
Singular Noun and Plural Noun
Singular Nouns are used when there is only one of the noun that is referred to
Plural Nouns are used when there is more than one of the noun that is referred to
Plural Nouns can be regular or irregular

These are the ways that irregural plural nouns are formed:
“By adding –es to nouns ending in –s,-sh,-ch,-ss,-x and-o
1. Bus =
2. Kiss =
3. Watch =
There are some exceptions nouns
ending in –o.We must add –s
Ex:Bamboos Kangaroos
Radios
 4. Box =
5. Hero =
6. Potato =
7. Toothbrush =
8. Bench=
9. Fox=
10. Volcano =
11. Glass =
12. Dish =
13. Match =
14. Tomato =
15. Potato =
“For nouns end with Y,if the letter before Y is a consonant,we change –Y into –IES”
1. Cry =
2. Lady = If the letter is vowel,we add –s
3. Cherry = to the noun
4. Dictionary = Days keys Toys
Boys Ways Monkeys
5. Canary = Monkeys Valleys Trays
6. Baby =
7. Housefly =
8. Puppy =
9. Jelly =
10. Army =
“For nouns end with F and FE change into –VES
1. Shelf =
2. Calf =
3. Half =
4. Elf =
5. Loaf =
6. Leaf = For these followings nouns,we add –s
Chiefs Handkerchiefs
7. Thief = Hoofs
8. Wolf = Roofs
9. Knife = Dwarfs
10. Wife =
Simple Present Tense
A. Complete the sentences using the following verbs
1. Tanya German very well
2. I don’t often coffee
3. The swimming pool at 7.30 every morning
4. Bad driving many accidents
5. My parents in a very small flat
6. The olympic games place every four years
7. The Panama Canal the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
Cause connect drink live open speak take
B. Put the verb into the correct form
1. What time (the banks/close) here?
2. Julie (not/drink) tea very often
3. I’ve got a compiter,but I (not/use) it much
4. Where (Martin/come) from?
5. What (you/do)? ‘I’m an electrician
6. It (take) me an hour to go to work.How long
(it/take) you?
7. Look at this sentence.What (this word/mean)?
8. Dacid isn’t very fit.He (not/do) any sport
C. Complete using the following
I apologise I insist I promise I recommend I suggest
1. It’s a nice day. we go out for a walk
2. I won’t tell anybody what you said.
3. You must let me pay for the meal
4. for what I did.It won’t happen again
5. The new restaurant in Hill street is very good. it

Present Continuous Tense

A. Put the verb into the correct form.Sometime you need the negative
1. Please don’t make so much noise.I (try) to work
2. Let’s go out now.It (rain)anymore
3. You can turn off the radio.I (listen) to it
4. Kate phoned me last night.She’s on holiday in France.She (have) a
great time and doesn’t want to come back
5. I want to lose weight,so this week I (eat) lunch
6. Andrew has just started evening classes.He (learn) German
7. Paul and sally have had an argument.They (speak)to each
other
8. I (get) tired.I need a rest
9. Tim (work) this week.He’s on holiday
10. Why are all these people here?What (happen)?
D. Complete the conversations
1. A: Please don’t make so much noise
B: Oh,did you? these days? (what/he/do)
A: He’s at university
B: ? (what/he/study)
A: Psychology
B: it? (he/enjoy)
A: Yes,he says it’s a very good course
2. A: Hi,Liz!How in your new job? (you/get on)
B: Not bad.It wasn’t so good at first,but better now
(things/get)
A: What about Jonathan?Is he OK?
 B: Yes,but he his work at the moment (not/enjoy).He’s been
in the same job for a long time and he to get bored with it
(he/begin)
E. Complete the sentences using the following verbs
Begin change get increase rise
1. The population of the world very fast
2. The world .Things never stay the same
3. The situation is already band and it worse
4. The cost of living .Every year things are most expensive
5. The weather to improve.The rain has stopped and the wind isn’t
as strong
Present Continuous vs Simple Present Tense
A. Put the verb into the correct form,present continuous or simple present
1. Let’s go out.It (not/rain) now
2. Julia is very good at languages.She (speak) four languages very well
3. Hurry up!Everybody (wait) for you
4. (you/listen) to the radio? “No,you can turn it off”
5. (you/listen) to the radio? “No,occasionally”
6. The river Nile (flow) into the Mediterranean
7. The river (flow) very fast tody-much fasten than usual
8. We usually (grow) vegetables in our garden,but this year we
(grow) any
9. A: How’s your English?
B: Not bad. I think it (improve) slowly
10. Rachel is in London at the moment.She (stay) at the Park
Hotel.She always (stay) there when she’s in London
11. Can we stop talking soon?I (start) to feel hard
12. A: Can you drive?
B: I (learn).My father (teach) me
13. Normally I (finish) work at fuve,but this week I (work)
until six to earn little more money
14. My parents (live) in Manchester.They were born there and have never lived
anywhere else.Where (your parents/live)
15. Sonia (look) for a place to live.She (stay) wih her
sister until she finds somewhere
B. Put the verb into the correct form,present continuous or simple present
1. Are you hungry? (you.want) something to eat?
2. Don’t put the dictionary away.I (use) it
3. Don’t put the dictionary away.I (need) it
4. Who is that man?What (he/want)?
5. Who is that man?What (he/look) at us
6. Alan says he’s 80 years old,but nobody (believe) him
7. She told me her name,but I (not/remember) it now
8. I (think) of selling my car.Would you be interested in buying it?
 9. I (think) you should sell your car.You (not/use)
it very often
10. Air (consist) mainly of nitrogen and oxygen
Simple Past Tense
A. Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the correct form!
Buy catch cost fall hurt sell spend teach throw write
1. Mozart more than 600 pieces of music
2. How did you learn to drive? “My father me”
3. We couldn’t afford to keep our car,so we it
4. Dave down the stairs this morning and his leg
5. Jim the ball to Sue,who it
6. Ann a lot of monet yesterday.She a dress which Rp60000,-
B. Complete the sentences.Put the verb into the correct form,positive or negative
1. It was warm,so I off my coat (take)
2. The film wasn’t very good.I it very much (enjoy)
3. I was in a hurry,so I time to phone you (have)
4. It was hard carrying the bags.They very heavy (be)
5. I was very tired,so I the party early(leave)
C. Answer these questions!

1. Mozart ___________ more than 600 pieces of music.

writes

wrote

writed

was wrote

2. We _______ David in town a few days ago.

did see

was saw

did saw

saw

3. It was cold, so I _____________ the window.

shut

was shut
 am shut

shutted

4. I ___________ to the cinema three times last week.

was go

went

did go

goed

5. What __________ you _________ last weekend?

were / do

did / did

did / do

do / did

6. The police ___________ me on my way home last night.

was stop

stopped

stops

stopping

7. The film wasn't very good. I _____________ it very much.

enjoyed

wasn't enjoy

didn't enjoyed

didn't enjoy
 8. The bed was very uncomfortable. I ____________ sleep very well.

didn't

did

wasn't

not

9. The window was open and a bird ___________ into the room.

fly

flew

was flew

did fly

10. I __________ a lot of money yesterday. I __________ an expensive dress.

spend / buy

spent / buy

spent / bought

was spent / bought

Past Continuous Tense

A. Answer these!
1. My children ................ football when I arrived at home
were played
is playing
were playing
played
was playing

2. When his wife woke him up, he ................ a nice dream

was having
were having
is having
had
have
3. ............................... when her father left the house this morning
She is washing clothes
She was washing clothes
she washes clothes
she wash clothes
she will wash clothes

4. When I did my homework, my younger brothers ................ English

were studying
were studied
was studying
is studying
are studying

5. I was ................ a car when the accident suddenly happen

drove
driven
drive
driving
to drive

6. When Clara ................ visiting Bali, she met a famous pop singer there
does
were
are
is
was

7. Mr. Oscar was ................ a cup of tea when i saw him yesterday
drank
drunk
drinking
drinks
drink

8. When our father came back from his office, ...............................

We were watching TV
We are watching TV
We watch TV
We will watch TV
We shall watch TV

9. Cindy was ................ an article when her baby boy cried

 written
writing
wrote
writes
write

10. When Paul ................ a newspaper, he found an interesting story on it

is reading
read
reads
will be reading
was reading
B.Try this!

1.Bagas was . . . . . around the block while Nata was . . . . . at their backyard yesterday.

a. Run, skipping

b. Running, skipped

c. Running, skipping

d. Run, skip

2. Baim and Riska were . . . . . video games when their mother . . . . . back.

a. Playing, came

b. Plays, comes

c. Played, coming

d. Playing, coming

3. She was . . . . . the movie while her mother was . . . . . for dinner yesterday.

a. Watched, cooked

b. Watching, cook

c. Watch, cooking

d. Watching, cooking

4. I was . . . . . when my mother . . . . . me yesterday.

a. Teaching, called

b. Teach, call

c. Taught, calling

d. Teaching, calling
5. He was not . . . . . the television when you . . . . . to his house to borrow his car yesterday.

a. Repaired, came

b. Repair, come

c. Repairing, come

d. Repairing, came

6. Eko and Yoga . . . . . Soccer on the field when they . . . . . the money.

a. Is playing, finding

b. Were playing, found

c. Was playing, found

d. Played, find

7. He was standing at the bus-stop when he . . . . . the accident.

a. Witnessed

b. Witnesses

c. Withness

d. Withnessed

8. The telephone was ringing while he . . . an email.

a. Type

b. Is typing

c. Was typing

d. Has typing

9. She was . . . . . when I . . . . . to her house last night.

a. Crying, came

b. Cried, coming

c. Cries, coming

d. Crying, come

10. My sister . . . . . TV in the living room when I arrived home last night.

a. Watch

b. Watched

c. Is watching

d. Was watching
 Simple Past Tense vs Past Continuous Tense
A. Put the verb into the correct form,past continuous or simple past
1. Jenny (wait) for me when I
2. What (you/do) at this time yesterday? I was asleep
3. (you/go) out lastnight? No,I was so tired
4. How fast (you/drive) when the accident (happen)
5. Sam (take) a photograph of me while I (not/look)
6. We were in a very difficult position.We (not/know) what to do
7. I haven’t seen Meha for ages.When I last (see) him,he
(try) to find a job
8. I (walk) along the street when suddenly I (hear)
footsteps behind me.Somebody (follow) me.I was scared and I
(start) to run
9. When I was young,I (want) to be a pilot
10. Last night I (drop) a plate when I (do) the washing
up.Fortunately it (not/break)

B. Complete the following sentences using past simple or past continuous!

1. I _____ (be) very tired last night but my friend _____ (be).

2. It _____ (not rain) when I _____ (leave) school this afternoon.

3. She _____ (not see) me because she _____ (talk) to her friend.

4. I _____ (drive) home when I ____ (crash) my car into a tree.

5. I met my friend while I _____ (study) in Jakarta.

6. When I _____ (open) the window, I _____ (see) my friend.

7. I _____ (shower) when the telephone _____ (ring).

8. I _____ (break) my arm while I _____ (play) football.

Present Perfect Tense
A. Answer them!
1. She ___ here for seven weeks.
a. has been
b. have been
c. had been
2. I ___ English.
a. has studied
b. have got studied
c. have studied
3. I ___ my keys.
a. had lost
b. has lost
c. have lost
4. She ___ the exam.
a. ‘s passed
 b. ‘ve passed
c. ‘se passed
5. Aisyah ___ breakfast.
a. has cooking
b. have cooked
c. has cooked
6. He ___ too much coffee.
a. has drink
b. has drank
c. has drunk
7. She ___ dinner.
a. has cooked
b. have cooked
c. has cooking
8. School ___ yet.
a. have not started
b. has not started
c. has not starte
9. He ___ my mother.
a. has not meet
b. hasn’t met
c. has’nt met
10. I ___ English for 3 years.
a. haven’t studied
b. had not studied
c. has not studied
11. They ___ yet.
a. has not arived
b. haven’t arrived
c. have not arrivved
12. They ___ the book yet.
a. haven’t found
b. haven’t founded
c. hasn’t founded
13. She ___ the kitchen.
a. has not cleanned
b. hasn’t cleaned
c. have not cleanned
14. They ___ well.
a. hasn’t slept
b. haven’t slepted
c. haven’t slept
15. You ___ me.
a. haven’t calls
b. haven’t calledd
c. haven’t called
16. I ___ that book.
a. hasn’t read
b. haven’t read
c. haven’t readed
17. ___ he ___ your family yet?
a. Has ___ met
b. Has ___ meet
c. Have ___ met
18. ___ they ___ the exam?
a. Has ___ taken
b. Have ___ take
c. Have ___ tooked
19. ___ they ___ the exam?
a. Have ___ took
b. Have ___ take
c. Have ___ taked
20. How long ___ he ___ here?
a. has ___ worked
b. have ___ worked
c. has ___ works
21. My sister ___ my cakes.
a. has eaten
b. have eaten
c. has eat
22. Has your dad ___ the letter?
a. written
b. wrote
c. writing
23. The woman ______ her book.
a. hasn’t read
b. haven’t read
c. hasn’t readed
24. How much coffee ________ today ?
a. have you drank
b. have you drunk
c. have you drink
d. has you drank
e. has you drink
f. has you drunk
25. The movie _____ . Please be quiet !
a. have began
b. has began
c. has begun
d. have begun
26. Who ____ my car?
a. have stolen
b. has stolen
c. has steal
d. have steal
27. Your friend ___ been happy all day.
a. have
b. has
28. We ___ cut our hair today.
a. has
b. have
c. had
29. How long ___ English?
a. had you studied
b. has you studied
c. have you studied
30. What ___ today?
a. have you done
b. had you done
c. has you done
B. Read the situations and write sentences with just,already or yet!
1. After luch you go to see a friend at her house.She says,Would you like something to eat?
You say:No thanks (have lunch)
2. Joe goes out.Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller says,”Can I speak to Joe?”
You say:I’m afraid (go out)
3. You’re eating in a restaurant.The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your
plate away
 You say: Wait a minute! (not/finish)
4. Linda went to the bank,but a few minutes ago she returned.Somebody asks,is Linda still at
the bank?
You say: Yes, (come back)
5. You’re going to a restaurant tonight.You phone to reserve a table.Later your friend says
“Shall I phone to reserve a table?”
You say: No (do it)
Been/Gone
1. Jim is on holiday.He’s ( ) to Italy
2. Hello!I’ve just( ) to the shops.I’ve bought lots of things
3. Alice isn’t here at the moment.She’s ( ) to the shop to get a newspaper
4. Tom has ( ) out.He’ll be back in about an hour
5. “Are you going to the bank?” No,I’ve already( ) to the bank
For and Since
Fill the blank with Since / For and change the verb in the bracket to the correct form.
1. We haven’t seen him …….. Several months
2. She has been in her room ……… Hours.
3. My uncle has worked for the company ……….. 10 years ago
4. My father has been a director of the school ……… I (be) born
5. He has used his car to drive everywhere …….. 1979
6. We haven’t met him ……… The last ten years
7. He hasn’t gone to jogja …….. He (graduate) from UGM
8. the man has gone away ……. his parents (pass) away
9. Tomy and his brother have gone to school by their old bike …… a year
10. The students have joined the program …….. three months

Present Perfect vs Simple Past Tense

A. Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets.Use the present perfect where possible
1. I can’t get in.I (lose) my key
2. The office is empty now.Everybody (go) home
3. I menat to call you last night,but I (forget)
4. Mary (go) to Egypt for a holiday,but she’s back home in England now
5. I (have) a headache,but I feel fine now
6. Can you help us?Our car (break) down
7. It (stop) raining for a while,but now it’s raining agin
8. The town is very different now.It (change) a lot
9. I did German at school,but I (forgot) most of it now
10. The police (arrest) three people,but later they let them go
11. What do you think of my English?Do you think it (improve)?
12. Look!There’s an ambulance over there.There (be) an accident
13. Where’s my bike?It outside the house,but it’s not there now
14. I (apply) for a job as a tourist guide,but it wasn’t successful
Conditional Sentences
A. Put the verb into the correct form
1. They would be offended if I to their party (not/go)
2. If you took more exercise,you better (feel)
3. If they offered me the job,I think I it (take)
 4. A lot of people would be out of work if the car factory
(close/down)
5. If I sold my car,I much money for it (not/get)
6. What would happen if somebody that red button (press)
7. I don’t think there’s any chance that Gary and Emma will get married.I’d be
absolutely astonished if they (do)
8. Liz gave me this ring.She very upset if I lost it (be)
9. I’m sure Sue if you explained the situation to her (understand)
10.Dave and Kate are expecting us.They would be very disappointed if we
(not/come)

B. Answer the questions in the way shown

1. A: Shall we catch the 10.30 train?
B: No (arrive to early)

2. A: Is Kevin going to take his driving test?

B: No (fail)
3. A: Why don’t we stay at a hotel?
B: No (cost too much)

4. A: Is Sally going to apply for the job?

B: No (not/get it)

5. A: Why don’t we invite Bill to the party?

B: No (have to invite his friends too)

C. Use your own ideas to complete this sentences

1. If you took more exercise,
2. I’d be very angry if
3. If I didn’t go to work tomorrow,
4. Would you go to the party if
5. Would you mind if

D. Put the verb into the correct form

1. If I (know) his number,I would phone him
2. I (not/buy) that coat if I were you
3. I (help) you if I could,but I’m afraid I can’t
 4. We would need a car if we (live) in the country
5. If we had the choice,we (live) in the country
6. This soup isn’t very good.It (taste)better if it wasn’t so salty
7. I wouldn’t mind living in England if the weather (be) better
8. I think there are too many cars.If there (not/be)so many cars,
there (not/be)so much pollution
9. If I were you,I (not/wait).I (go)now
10. You’re always tired.If you (not/go) to bed so late everynight,
you wouldn’t be tired all the time
E. Put the verb into the correct form
1. I didn’t know you were in hospital.If (I know),
(I/go) to see you
2. I’m not tired.If (I/be) tired,I’d go home now
3. I wasn’t tired last night.If (I /be) tired,I would have gone home
earlier
4. I took a taxi to the hotel,but the traffic was bad. (it/be) quicker if
(I/walk)
5. Sam got to the station just in time to cacth the train to the airport.If
(he/miss)the train, (he/miss)his flight
6. Unfortunately I forgot my address book when I went on holiday.If
(I/have)your address, (I /send) you a postcard
7. A: How was your holiday?
B: It was OK,but (we/enjoy)it more if
(the weather/be) nicer
8. I’m glad that you reminded me about Amanda’s birthday.
(I /forget) if (you/not/remind) me

Wish and Hope

A. Compare between Wish and Hope
1. I you a pleasant stay here
2. Enjoy your holiday.I you have a great time
3. Goodbye.I you all the best
4. We said goodbye to each other and each other luck
5. We’re going to have a picnic tomorrow,so I the weather is nice
6. I you luck in your new job.I it works out well for you

Passive Voice

A. Put the verb into correct form,present simple or past simple,active or passive
1. It’s a big factory.Five hundred people (employ) there
2. (somebody/clean) this room yesterday?
3. Water (cover) most of the earth’s surface
 4. How much of the earth’s surface (cover)by water
5. The park gates (lock) at 6:30 p.m every evening
6. The letter (post) a week ago and it (arrive)yesterday
7. The bot hit the rock and (sink) quickly.Fortunately everybody
(rescue)
8. Richard’s parents (die)when he was very young.He and his sister
(bring up) by their grandparents
9. I was born in London,but I (grow up) in Canada
10. While I was on holiday,my camera (steal) from my hotel room
11. While I was on holiday,my camera (disappear) from my hotel room
12. Why (Sue/resign)from her job?Didn’t she enjoy it?
13. Why (Bill/sack) from his job?What did he do wrong?
14. The company is not independent.It (own) by a much larger company
15. I saw an accident last night.Somebody (call) an ambulance but nobody
(injure),so the ambulance (not/need)
16. Where (these photographs/take)?In London?
(you/take) them or somebody else?
17. Sometimes it’s quiet noisy living here,but it’s not a problem for me-I
(not/bother) by it
B. Complete these sentences with the following verbs
Arrest carry cause do make repair send spend wake up
1. The situation is serious.Sometime must before it’s too late
2. I haven’t received the letter.It might to the wrong address
3. A decision will not until the next meeting
4. Do you think that more money should on education
5. This road is in very bad condition.It should a long time ago
6. The injured man couldn’t walk and had to
7. It’s not certain how the fire started,but it might by an electrical
fault
8. I told the hotel receptionist I wanted to at 6.30 at the next morning
9. I f you hadn’t pushed the policeman,you wouldn’t
C. Rewrite these sentences.Instead of using somebody or they,write a passive sentence
1. Somebody has cleaned the room
2. They have postponed the meeting
3. Somebody is using the computer at the moment

4. I didn’t realize that somebody was recording our conversation

5. When we got to the stadium,we found that they had cancelled the game

6. They are building a new ring road round the city

7. They have built a new hospital near the airport

 REPORTED SPEECH
1. Did they eat out together yesterday?
a. He asked me if they had eaten out yesterday.
b. He asked me if they had eaten out together the day before.
c. He asked me if they has eaten out together the day before.
d. He asked me if they have eaten out together the day before.

2. Don’t turn off the light now.

a. He told me don’t turn off the light at that time.
b. He told me not to turn off the light at that time.
c. He told me didn’t turn off the light at that time.
d. He told me didn’t turn off the light at now.

3. What’s your passion?

a. She wanted to know what is my passion.
b. She wanted to know what was my passion.
c. She wanted to know what my passion was.
d. She wanted to know what was my passion.

4. I begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.

a. He asked me that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
b. He wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
c. He said that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
d. He said that I began to understand the concept of biodiversity.

5. Your friend has just left.

a. He told me that your friend had just left.
b. He told me that my friend has just left.
c. He told me that my friend had just left.
d. He told me that my friend have just left.

6. Can I borrow your pencil for a moment?

a. She asked me if she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
b. She asked me whether she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
c. She asked me whether she could borrow my pencil for a moment.
d. She asked me whether I could borrow her pencil for a moment.

7. Why are you staring at my feet?

a. He asked her why she is staring at his feet.
b. He asked her why she was staring at his feet.
c. He asked her why was she staring at his feet.
d. He asked her why is she staring at his feet.

8. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

a. He said that the sun rose in the east and sets in the west.
b. He said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
c. He asked if the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
d. He said that the sun rise in the east and set in the west.

9. I’m going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.

a. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time the next day.
b. She said she was going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.
c. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time tomorrow.
d. She said she is going to meet her penpal for the first time the next day.

10. We have been here for a week.

a. They said they had been there for a week.
b. They said they had been here for a week.
c. They said we had been there for a week.
d. They said they has been here for a week.

11. Who is sitting beside Tom?

a. He asked me who was sitting beside Tom that time.
b. He asked me was sitting beside Tom that time.
c. He asked me who is sitting beside Tom.
d. He asked me who is Tom sitting beside.

12. Please wait for me at the bus stop.

a. Endy told me to wating her at the bus stop.
b. Endy told me waited for her at the bus stop that time.
c. Endy told me waited for me at the bus stop that time.
d. Endy told me waits for her at the bus stop that time.

13. Window-shopping is my favorite hobby.

a. Septi said that window-shopping is her favorite hobby.
b. Septi said that if window-shopping was my favorite hobby.
c. Septi said that window-shopping was my favorite hobby.
d. Septi said that window-shopping was her favorite hobby.

14. I ate some beef burgers yesterday.

a. Jean said that she have eat some beef burgers the day before.
b. Jean said that she has ate some beef burgers the day before.
c. Jean said that she had been eaten some beef burgers the day before.
d. Jean said that she had been eat some beef burgers yesterday.

15. This is the bag which I bought yesterday.

a. He said that was the bag which he had been bought the day before.
b. He said that was the bag which I bought the day before.
c. He said that the bag was which he had buy the day before.
d. He said that was the bag which I had been bought the day before.

16. Who is hiding under the bed?

a. Mom wanted to know why was hiding under the bed.
b. Mom said she was hiding under the bed.
c. Mom wanted to hiding under the bed.
d. Mom wanted to know who was hiding under the bed.

17. Elisa had been living in Bangok before she moved to Jakarta.
a. Firmansyah said that Elisa have live in Bangkok before she moved to Jakarta.
b. Firmansyah said that Elisa had been living in Bangkok before she moved to Jakarta.
c. Firmansyah said that Elisa is living in Bangkok before she moved to Jakarta.
d. Firmansyah said that Elisa was in Bangkok before she move to Jakarta.

18. I have been travelling around the world for over three years.
a. Grandpa said he had been travelling around the world for over three years.
b. Grandpa said he have been travel around the world for over three years.
c. Grandpa said he was travel around the world for over three years.
d. Grandpa said he is travelling around the world for over three years.

19. When you pushed me, I was holding my phone.

a. Keyza said when you push him, he was holding my phone.
b. Keyza said when I push him, he was holding his phone.
c. Keyza said when I pushed him, he was holding his phone.
d. Keyza said when I pushed him, he is holding my phone.
20. My name is Harry.
a. He said his name is Harry.
b. He said his name might Harry.
c. He said his name will Harry.
d. He said his name has Harry.

B. Use reported Speech to answer these questions!

1. I’m living in London

2. My father isn’t very well

3. Rachel and Mark are getting married next month

4. My sister has had a baby

5. I don’t know what Frank is doing

6. I saw Helen at a party in June and she seemed fine

7. I haven’t seen Diane recently

8. I’m not enjoying my job very much

9. You can come and stay at my place if you’re ever in London

10. My car was stolen a few days ago

11. I want to go on holiday,but I can’t afford it

12. I’ll tell Chris I saw you

C. Answer these questions!Complete them with ask(ed)/tell(told)!

1. Bill was taking a long time to get ready,so I
2. Sarah was driving too fast,so I asked
3. I didn’t want to delay Helen, so I
4. John was very much in love with Mary, so he
5. Tom was going to the shop,so I
Hurry up! Please slow down! Don’t wait for me if I’m late! Will you marry me? Could you get a newspaper?
Say and Tell
A. What’s the differences?Try to answer this!
1. Ann ( ) goodbye to me and left
2. ( ) us about your holiday.Did you have a nice time?
3. Don’t just stand there! ( ) something
4. I wonder where Sue is.She ( ) she would be here at 8 o’clock
 5. Dan ( ) me that he was bored with his job
6. The doctor ( ) that I should rest for at least a week
7. Don’t ( ) anybody what I ( ).It’s a secret just between us
8. Did she ( ) you what happened?No,she didn’t ( ) anything to me
9. Meha couldn’t help me.She ( ) me to ask Caroline
10. Meha couldn’t help me.She ( ) to ask Caroline
Question Tag
A. Put a question tag on the end of these sentences!
1. Kate won’t be late,( )?
2. You’re tired,( )?
3. You’ve got a camera, ( )?
4. You weren’t listening,( )?
5. Sue doesn’t know ann, ( )?
6. Jack’s on holiday,( )?
7. Kate’s applied for the job,( )?
8. You can speak German,( )?
9. He won’t mind if I use his phone,( )?
10. There are a lot of people here,( )?
11. Lets go out tonight,( )?
12. This isn’t very interesting, ( )?
13. I’m too impatient,( )?
14. You wouldn’t tell anyone,( )?
15. Helen has lived here a long time,( )?
16. I shouldn’t have lost my temper,( )?
17. He’d never met her before, ( )?
18. Don’t drop that vase, ( )?
19. You haven’t got a pen,( )?
20. I’m right,( )?

Simple Present Tense

F. Comple the sentences using the following verbs