PARAPHASING

Paraphrasing is rewrite information from an outside source in your own words without changing the
meaning because you summarize the contents information.
For example :
Original passage
Language is the main means of communication between peoples. But so many
different languages have developed that language has often been a barrier rather than
an aid to understand among peoples. For many years, people have dreamed of
setting up an international universal language which all people could speak and
understand. The arguments in favor of a universal language are simple and obvious.
If all people spoke the same tongue, cultural and economic ties might be much
closer, and good will might increase between countries. (Kispert)

Paraphrase
Human communicate through language. Because there are so many different
languages, however, people around the world have a difficult time understanding
one another. Some people have wished for a universal international language that
speakers all over the world could understand. Their reasons are straightforward and
clear. A universal language would build cultural and economic bonds. It would also
create better feeling among countries. (Kispert)

PLAGIARISM
Phrasing is different from plagiarism because plagiarism do not rewrite, it just copy-paste or using
someone else’s words and idea without summarize or change the words.
(Plagiarism is a serious offense and students who plagiarize may fail a class or even be expelled
from school).
There are two kinds of plagiarism:
1. When you use information from an outside sources without citing the source (telling where
you got the information).
2. Even when you cite your source but your paraphrase is too similar with the original.
For example of plagiarism
Original passage
Language is the main means of communication between peoples. But so many different
languages have developed that language has often been a barrier rather than an aid to
understand among peoples. For many years, people have dreamed of setting up an
international universal language which all people could speak and understand. The
arguments in favor of a universal language are simple and obvious. If all people spoke
the same tongue, cultural and economic ties might be much closer, and good will might
increase between countries. (Kispert)

Plagiarism passage
Language is the principal means of communication between peoples. However, because
there are numerous language, language itself has frequently been a barrier than an aid to
understanding among the world population. For many years, people have envisioned a
common universal language that everyone in the world could communicate in. the
reasons for having a universal language are clearly understandable. If the same tongue
were spoken by all countries, they would undoubtedly become closer culturally and
economically. It would probably also create well among nations. (Kispert)

#the source is not cited and it’s too similar to the original passage. For example in the 1 st
sentence, only one word has been changed: Main  principal. 2nd sentence: on;y a few
words have been changed.

WRITING A GOOD PARAPHRASE

There are 3 keys to writing a good paraphrase:

1. Use your own words and your own sentence structure
2. Make your paraphrase approximately the same length as the original
3. Do not change the meaning of the original

Steps of writing a good paraphrase:

1. Read the original passage several times until you understand it fully. (look up unfamiliar
words then find the synonym)
2. Take a note.
3. Write you paraphrase from your not. DON’T look at the original passage while you are
writing!
Only write down a few words for each idea but not a complete sentence.
language  people use to communicate  …….
Make a brief outline
A. Language – people use to communicate
1. So many languages make it difficult to understand one another.
2. People wish for one universal international language.
B. Reasons
1. Cultural & economic bonds.
2. Better feeling between countries.
4. Check your paraphrase against the original passage to make sure you have not copied
vocabulary or the sentence structure too closely. (make sure that u have not changed the
meaning of the original or given any wrong information.
5. Add an in-text citation at the end.

#The purpose of learning to paraphrase in to able to use paraphrase as

Supporting material in your writing

SUMMARIZE
Another way to used a borrowed information from an outside source is to SUMMARIZE
The difference between paraphrase and summarize:
Paraphrase Summarize
When you read a story that someone has told If you shorten the story by retelling only the
you, then you repeat the story in your own most important points and leaving out the
words. details.

For example :
Original passage (85 words)
Language is the main means of communication between peoples. But so many different
languages have developed that language has often been a barrier rather than an aid to
understand among peoples. For many years, people have dreamed of setting up an
international universal language which all people could speak and understand. The
arguments in favor of a universal language are simple and obvious. If all people spoke the
 same tongue, cultural and economic ties might be much closer, and good will might
increase between countries. (Kispert)

Summarize (28 words, much shorter)

People communicate through language; however, having different languages creates
communication barriers. A universal could bring countries together culturally and
economically as well as increase good feelings among them. (Kispert)

WRITE A GOOD SUMMARY

There three keys to writing a good summary

1. Use your own words and your own sentence structure
2. Remember that a summary is much shorter than a paraphrase. Which include only the main
points and main supporting points and leaving out the details
3. Do not change the meaning of the original.

Steps for writing a summary are similar to those for writing a paraphrase
1. Read the original passage several times until you understand it fully.
2. Decide what the important ideas are (by underline important idea, take a note for each idea).
3. Write your summary from your notes and do not look at the original passage while you are
writing.
4. Check your paraphrase against the original passage to make sure you have not copied
vocabulary or the sentence structure too closely. (make sure that u have not changed the
meaning of the original or given any wrong information.
5. Add an in-text citation at the end.