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KIP Open Ended

The document summarizes information about the Kallada Irrigation Project in Kerala, India. The project includes a storage dam and pickup weir that provide irrigation to over 53,000 hectares of land across three districts. While the project helps with irrigation, testing found the river water to be contaminated with bacteria and pathogens due to waste and unsuitable for direct drinking. Recommendations are made for water treatment and public education on water safety.

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Parthasarathi P
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28 views

KIP Open Ended

The document summarizes information about the Kallada Irrigation Project in Kerala, India. The project includes a storage dam and pickup weir that provide irrigation to over 53,000 hectares of land across three districts. While the project helps with irrigation, testing found the river water to be contaminated with bacteria and pathogens due to waste and unsuitable for direct drinking. Recommendations are made for water treatment and public education on water safety.

Uploaded by

Parthasarathi P
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NSS PTC PANDALAM

NSS POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, PANDALAM


Department of Civil Engineering

OPEN ENDED PROJECT


HYDRAULICS AND IRRIGATION ENGINEERING LAB

Name: Parthasarathi P
Class: S4 Civil
Roll No: 39
Reg. No: 2101010397
Under the Guidance Of:
Jayaprakash R & Arya J

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NSS PTC PANDALAM

ABSTRACT
About Kallada Irrigation Project
Kallada Irrigation project (KIP) is the largest Irrigation project in Kerala.
The command area of this project is distributed over Kollam,
Pathanamthitta district and Alappuzha districts and covers Punalur,
Pathanapuram, Kottarakkara, Kollam, Kunnathur, Karunagappally,
Adoor, Mavelikkara and Karthikappally Taluks of Kerala.
The Kallada Irritation Project (KIP) comprises of a storage dam across
river Kallada and a pick-up weir 5km downstream with two canal
systems taking off from both flanks of the weir to irrigate a cultivable
command area of 61,630 ha. The head works are located in Kollam
district and the command area is located in Kollam, Pathanamthitta and
Alappuzha districts.
The project was planned to irrigate net cultivable command area of
61630 Ha. During the course of execution few canals including
Kayamkulam Branch canal were dropped and now this project is
benefitting net cultivable area of only 53514 Ha in 92 villages. Head
work was completed during 1986. Now fully operational, right bank
main canal partially commissioned during 1986 and left bank main canal
during 1992. The Left Bank Main canal is 56.016 km in length and Right
Bank Main canal is 69.752 km in length. The Branch Canal of left bank
canal is 61.692 km and that of Right Branch canal is 47.573 km. The
canals begins from Ottakkal Lookout near Thenmala.

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NSS PTC PANDALAM

Specifications
The total length of dam is 335 m and height from the deepest
foundation is + 85.35 m. The dam was made up of 12 blocks, serially
numbered from left to right. The total length of spillway is 42.06 m
(which includes 3 Nos. gated ogee type spillway of size 12.19 m x 9.14
m). There are two non-overflow masonry sections dam on either side of
the spillway. The length of earthen dam is 225.7 m. and has a maximum
height of 12.51m from the lowest foundation level. The lowest
foundation level is +106.39 m and dam top level is + 118.90m. The type
of saddle dam is impervious fill.
Kallada irrigation and Tree crop development scheme is the largest
irrigation project in the State of Kerala.

Kallada Irrigation Project

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NSS PTC PANDALAM

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NSS PTC PANDALAM

Recommendations
In view of this the following recommendations are suggested for safe
use of river water and for prevention of pollution of Kallada river.
1. For safe drink, cultivate the habit of drinking boiled water. 2. Sewage
treatment systems control the sewage pollution to a certain extent. It
was done by installing treatment plants such as trickling filters,
activated sludge and oxidation pond.

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NSS PTC PANDALAM

Mainly facing Problems of Kallada Irrigation Project


The stations near the Ashtamudi lake where the river opens is more
contaminated with pathogenic bacteria than the upper stations of
Thenmala and Punalur. This was evidence by the standard
microbiological procedures adopted for the detection of Total plate
count, Total no. of Coliforms, Total no: of E. coli and Total no. of Fecal
streptococci. This higher no of bacterial count near the Ashtamudi lake
station might due to the intense anthropogenic activities here. As a
whole the no. of counts of various microbiological parameters indicate
that Kallada river water is polluted as per the standard values of Bureau
of Indian Standards or European Union Standards. But Kallada river
water is primarily used for irrigational purposes than for drinking
purpose.
According to BIS for irrigational purpose, the present result is not
alarming, since bacteria will not affect the plant growth or its
productivity. But if this river water is used for drinking purpose or
household purposes etc. Extreme care should be adopted by local
people. when there is scarcity of water in summer season, people may
have a tendency to utilize this water resource. As a result, consumption
of bacterial contaminated water from river especially in the low-lying
areas surrounding Ashtamudi lake may contribute to greater incidence
of diseases especially gastro-intestinal disorder. The most common
diseases that may appear are diarrhea dysentery, typhoid worm
infection, infectious hepatitis (jaundice).
The present investigation reveals that Kallada river is polluted physically
and chemically as well as contaminated by pathogenic organisms thus
making it unfit for direct drinking purpose or household purposes.
Hence, there is a need for awareness programs among the local people
by governmental organizations or non-governmental organizations.

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