PMT

Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2021

Pearson Edexcel International A Level

In Further Pure Mathmatics F3
(WFM03/01)
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Summer 2021
Question Paper Log Number P60705A
Publications Code WFM03_01_2106_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2021
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General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must

mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the
last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than
penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according
to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme
should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the
answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be
prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is not
worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may
be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark
scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be
consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.
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EDEXCEL IAL MATHEMATICS

General Instructions for Marking

1. The total number of marks for the paper is 75.

2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of marks:

• M marks: method marks are awarded for ‘knowing a method and attempting to
apply it’, unless otherwise indicated.
• A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M)
marks have been earned.
• B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks)
• Marks should not be subdivided.

3. Abbreviations

These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the
mark schemes.

• bod – benefit of doubt

• ft – follow through
• the symbol will be used for correct ft
• cao – correct answer only
• cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the question
to obtain this mark
• isw – ignore subsequent working
• awrt – answers which round to
• SC: special case
• oe – or equivalent (and appropriate)
• dep – dependent
• indep – independent
• dp decimal places
• sf significant figures
•  The answer is printed on the paper
• The second mark is dependent on gaining the first mark

4. All A marks are ‘correct answer only’ (cao.), unless shown, for example, as A1
ft to indicate that previous wrong working is to be followed through. After a
misread however, the subsequent A marks affected are treated as A ft, but
manifestly absurd answers should never be awarded A marks.

5. For misreading which does not alter the character of a question or materially
simplify it, deduct two from any A or B marks gained, in that part of the
question affected.

6. If a candidate makes more than one attempt at any question:

• If all but one attempt is crossed out, mark the attempt which is NOT crossed out.
• If either all attempts are crossed out or none are crossed out, mark all the attempts
and score the highest single attempt.

7. Ignore wrong working or incorrect statements following a correct answer.

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General Principles for Further Pure Mathematics Marking

(But note that specific mark schemes may sometimes override these general
principles).

Method mark for solving 3 term quadratic:

1. Factorisation

( x 2 + bx + c) = ( x + p )( x + q ), where pq = c ,leading to x = …

(ax 2 + bx + c) = (mx + p)(nx + q), where pq = c and mn = a ,leading to x = …

2. Formula

Attempt to use the correct formula (with values for a, b and c).

3. Completing the square

2
 b
Solving x + bx + c = 0 :
2
 x ±  ± q ± c = 0, q ≠ 0 ,leading to x = …
 2

Method marks for differentiation and integration:

1. Differentiation

Power of at least one term decreased by 1. ( x n → x n −1 )

2. Integration

Power of at least one term increased by 1. ( x n → x n +1 )

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Use of a formula

Where a method involves using a formula that has been learnt, the
advice given in recent examiners’ reports is that the formula should be
quoted first.

Normal marking procedure is as follows:

Method mark for quoting a correct formula and attempting to use it,
even if there are small errors in the substitution of values.

Where the formula is not quoted, the method mark can be gained by
implication from correct working with values, but may be lost if there
is any mistake in the working.

Exact answers

Examiners’ reports have emphasised that where, for example, an

exact answer is asked for, or working with surds is clearly required,
marks will normally be lost if the candidate resorts to using rounded
decimals.

Answers without working

The rubric says that these may not gain full credit. Individual mark
schemes will give details of what happens in particular cases. General
policy is that if it could be done “in your head”, detailed working would
not be required. Most candidates do show working, but there are
occasional awkward cases and if the mark scheme does not cover this,
please contact your team leader for advice.
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Summary of changes from Provisional Mark Scheme

A few minor changes were made to the Mark Scheme before marking on the marking service began.

Question Summary of changes

Number

Q03b The B1 for a correct matrix of minors was changed to an M1 to be

fairer to the candidates so that a small slip in the matrix of minors was
not penalised as heavily.
Q04ii The method marks were made dependent on each other as candidates
were unlikely to make significant progress unless the first derivative
was of the correct form and some first derivatives were trivial
expressions.
Q06c Alternative 3 added
Q07ii Alternative added
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Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
1(a) 1 − tanh 2 x ≡ sech 2 x
 e x − e− x 
2 Replaces the tanh x on the lhs with a
1 − tanh 2 x =
1−  x −x 
correct expression in terms of B1
e +e  exponentials.
(e x + e − x ) 2 − (e x − e − x ) 2 (e 2 x + 2 + e −2 x ) − (e 2 x − 2 + e −2 x ) 2e 2 x × 2e −2 x
= = or e.g. x − x 2
(e x + e − x ) 2 (e x + e − x ) 2 (e + e ) M1
Attempts to find common denominator and expand numerator
 4 
= = −x 2 
sech 2 x * Obtains the rhs with no errors. A1cso
 (e + e ) 
x

(3)
ALT 1 1 − tanh 2 x =
(1 − tanh x)(1 + tanh x)
Uses the difference of 2 squares on the lhs
  e x − e − x    e x − e − x  and replaces the tanh x with a correct B1
=
1 −  x − x  1 +  x − x  expression in terms of exponentials.
  e + e    e + e 
 2e − x   2e x  Attempt to find common denominators and
= x −x   x −x  M1
 e + e  e + e  simplify numerators.
 4 
= = −x 2 
sech 2 x * Obtains the rhs with no errors. A1cso
 (e x
+ e ) 
ALT 2 4 Replaces the sech x on the rhs with a
sech 2 x = correct expression in terms of B1
(e + e− x )2
x
exponentials.
(e 2 x + 2 + e −2 x ) − (e 2 x − 2 + e −2 x ) (e x + e − x ) 2 − (e x − e − x ) 2
= =
(e x + e − x ) 2 (e x + e − x ) 2 M1
Attempts to express the “4” in terms of the denominator.
2
 e x − e− x 
=
1−  x −x 
=
1 − tanh 2 x * Obtains the lhs with no errors. A1cso
e +e 
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(b) 2 sech 2 x + 3 tanh x =

3 ⇒ 2(1 − tanh 2 x ) + 3 tanh x =
3
⇒ 2 tanh 2 x − 3 tanh x + 1 = 0 M1
Uses sech x = 1 − tanh x and forms a 3 term quadratic in tanh x
2 2

(2 tanh x − 1)(tanh x − 1) = 0 ⇒ tanh x = ... Solves 3TQ by any valid method

including calculator.
M1
1 1 1
1 ln 3 . Accept ln 3, − ln
tanh x = → x = ln 3 2 2 3 A1
2
And no other answers.
(3)
ALT  4   e x − e− x 
2sech 2 x + 3 tanh x =
3 ⇒ 2 x −x 2  + 3  x −x =3
 (e + e )  e +e  M1
⇒ 8 + 3(e 2 x − e −2=
x
) 3(e 2 x + 2 + e −2 x ) ⇒ ...
Substitutes the correct exponential forms, attempts to eliminate fractions and collect terms
1
6e −2 x =⇒
2 e −2 x = Rearranges to reach e −2 x = ... M1
3
1 1 1
ln 3 . Accept ln 3, − ln
x = ln 3 2 2 3 A1
And no other answers.
Total 6
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Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
2.
y= 9 − x2 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 3
(a) dy x
= − Correct derivative in any form. B1
dx 9 − x2
Note that the derivative may be obtained implicitly after squaring e.g.
dy dy x
y =9 − x 2 ⇒ y 2 =−
9 x2 ⇒ 2 y =−2 x ⇒ =−
dx dx 9 − x2
⌠ x2 ⌠  dy 
2
dy
=  1+
Length of C dx Uses  1 +   dx with their M1
⌡ 9 − x2 ⌡  dx  dx
Note that the above may be obtained via the implicit route as e.g.
⌠  dy 
2
⌠ x2 ⌠ x2
 1 +   dx = 1 + 2 dx = 1 + dx
⌡  dx  ⌡ y ⌡ 9 − x2
In which case the B1 is implied.
⌠ 9 x  x 
=  x 3arcsin ( + c )  or − 3arccos ( + c ) 
d=
⌡ 9− x  
2
3 3
3
⌠
dx = 3arcsin (1) − 3arcsin ( 0 ) ( or − 3arccos (1) + 3arccos ( 0 ) )
9 M1

⌡0 9 − x2
Finds common denominator, integrates to obtain arcsin… or arccos…
and applies the limits 0 and 3.
3π Obtains the printed answer with no errors.
= * This mark should be withheld if there is no A1
2 evidence at all of the limits being applied.
Special case:
x
If +
dy
is obtained for score B0M1M1A1 if otherwise correct but allow full
9− x 2
dx
recovery in (b)
(4)
(b) Surface Area
⌠   ⌠  dy 
2

=  2π 9 − x 2 
9 Uses  2π y 1 +   dx with their dy M1
 dx  dx 
⌡  9− x
2
 ⌡ dx

Integrates to obtain kx and applies the limits

π [ x ]0 ...
3
= ∫=
6π dx 6=
3
0 and 3. Condone omission of the lower M1
0
limit.
= 18π 18π cao A1
(3)
Total 7
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Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
3.  3 1 p
 
M = 1 1 2
 −1 p 2 
 
(a) 3 1 p
det M = 1 1 2 Attempts determinant. Requires at least 2
correct “terms”. May use other M1
−1 p 2 rows/columns or rule of Sarrus.
= 3(2 − 2 p ) − 1(2 + 2) + p ( p + 1)
= p2 − 5 p + 2 Correct simplified determinant. A1
p 2 − 5 p + 2 = 0 ⇒ p = ... Solves 3TQ M1
5 ± 17
Correct values. A1
2
(4)
(b)  2−2p 4 p +1  Attempts the matrix of minors. If there is M1
  any doubt look for at least 6 correct
Minors  (2 − p ) 6 + p (3 p + 1) 
2
elements. May be implied by their matrix
(B1 on
 2 − p (6 − p ) 2  EPEN)
 of cofactors.
 2−2p −4 p +1  Attempts cofactors. M1
 
Cofactors  −(2 − p ) 6+ p −(3 p + 1) 
2

 2− p −(6 − p )  Correct matrix A1

 2 
2− 2p p − 2 2− p
2 Transposes matrix of cofactors and
M1
−1 1   divides by determinant.
=
M  −4 6+ p p − 6
p −5p + 2 
2 Follow though their det M from part (a)
 p + 1 −3 p − 1 2  but the adjoint matrix must be correct.
A1ft
(5)
Total 9

Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
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4(i) =
f ( x) x arccos x, − 1 ≤ x ≤ 1,
x
f ′ ( x ) arccos x −
=
1 − x2
M1: Differentiates using the product rule to obtain an expression of the form:
M1A1
x
arccos x ±
1 − x2
A1: Correct derivative
0.5 π− 3 π− 3 π 1
f ′ ( 0.5 ) = arccos 0.5 − = oe e.g. − A1
1 − 0.52 3 3 3 3
(3)
(ii) g( x ) = arctan(e 2x
)
2x
2e
g '( x) =
e4 x + 1
M1: Differentiates using the chain rule to obtain an expression of the form:
ke 2 x M1A1

(e ) 2x 2
+1
A1: Correct derivative in any form
2 Introduces sech(2x). Depends on previous
=
g '( x) = −2 x
sech(2 x) dM1
e +e
2x
M.
Differentiates sech(u ) → ± sech u tanh u
g ''( x) = −2 sech(2 x) tanh(2 x)
dM1
Depends on both previous M’s.
Correct expression. A1
(5)
(ii) 2e 2 x
ALT 1 g '( x) =
e4 x + 1
M1: Differentiates using the chain rule to obtain an expression of the form:
ke 2 x M1A1

(e ) 2x 2
+1
A1: Correct derivative in any form

g ''( x) =
4e 2x
(1 + e ) − 4e
4x 4x
× 2e 2 x Differentiates using quotient or product
dM1
(e + 1)
4x 2 rule. Depends on first M.

4e 2 x − 4e6 x −4(e 2 x − e −2 x ) Multiply through by e −4 x . Depends on

= = dM1
(e 4 x + 1) 2 (e 2 x + e −2 x ) 2 both previous M’s.

2 e 2 x − e −2 x
= −2
e 2 x + e −2 x e 2 x + e −2 x Correct expression. A1
= −2sech 2 x tanh 2 x
Note that the first derivative may be obtained implicitly in either method e.g.
2e 2 x
y = arctan ( e ) ⇒ tan y = e ⇒ sec y = 2e ⇒ =
2x dy 2x dy 2x 2

dx dx 1 + ( e 2 x )2

Total 8

Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number

∫ sec
5. =In n
x dx, n≥0
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∫ sec x dx = ∫ sec n − 2 x sec 2 xdx

5(a) n
Splits sec n x into sec n − 2 x sec 2 x M1

∫ sec= sec n − 2 x tan x − ∫ (n − 2) sec n − 2 x tan 2 x dx

n
x dx
Depends on previous M mark
dM1A1
dM1: Uses integration by parts to obtain sec n − 2 x tan x − k sec n − 2 x tan 2 x dx ∫
A1: Correct integration
B1
∫ sec= x tan x − ∫ (n − 2) sec n − 2 x(sec 2 x − 1) dx
n n−2
x dx sec
(M1 on
=
Uses tan 2
x sec 2 x − 1 EPEN)
∫= secn − 2 x tan x − (n − 2) ∫ sec n x dx + (n − 2) ∫ sec n − 2 x dx
n
sec x dx
( n − 1) I n ...
= secn−2 x tan x − (n − 2) I n + (n − 2) I n−2 ⇒ = ddM1
Depends on all previous M and B marks
Introduces In and In-2 and makes progress to the given result.
(=
n − 1) I n tan x secn−2 x + ( n − 2 ) I n−2 * Fully correct proof. A1cso
(6)
ALT
∫ sec x dx = ∫ sec n − 2 x sec 2 xdx
n
Splits secn x into sec n − 2 x sec 2 x M1

x (1 + tan 2 x )dx
B1
∫ sec ∫ sec
n−2 n−2
=
x sec 2 xdx Uses sec 2 x = 1 + tan 2 x and splits into 2 (4th mark
integrals.
∫ sec xdx + ∫ tan
n−2
= 2
x sec n − 2 xdx M1 on
EPEN)
1 1
∫ tan x sec xdx (n − 2) ∫
n−2
= 2
tan x sec n − 2 x − sec n x dx
(n − 2)
dM1
∫ tan x sec n − 2 xdx to obtain A tan x sec n − 2 x − B ∫ sec n x dx
2
Uses integration by parts on
Note this is the 2nd M on EPEN.
1 1
∫ sec ∫ sec x dx + (n − 2) ∫
n−2
n
x dx = tan x sec n − 2 x − sec n x dx
(n − 2) A1
Fully correct integration
1 1
∫ sec
n
x dx = I n − 2 + tan x sec n − 2 x − I n ⇒ ( n − 1) I n = ...
(n − 2) (n − 2)
ddM1
Depends on previous M and B marks
Introduces In and In-2 and makes progress to the given result.
(=
n − 1) I n tan x secn−2 x + ( n − 2 ) I n−2 * Fully correct proof. A1cso

5(b) I2 = 1 Correct value for I2 seen or implied. B1

1 4
=I6 tan x sec 4 x + I 4
5 5 Applies the given reduction formula once. M1
or e.g.
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1 π π 4
=I6 tan sec 4 + I 4
5 4 4 5
or e.g.
1
(1) 2 + I 4
4
( )
4
=I6
5 5
1 41 2  1 4 8
I 2  (1) 2 + (1) 2 + (1) ( ) ( )
4 2
= tan x sec4 x +  tan x sec2 x + =
5 53 3  5 15 15 M1
Applies the given reduction formula again and uses the limits
to reach a numerical expression for I6
28
= Correct value A1
15
(4)
ALT I2 = 1 Correct value for I2 seen or implied. B1
1 2
=I4 tan x sec 2 x + I 2
3 3
or e.g.
1 π π 2
=I4 tan sec 2 + I 2 Applies the given reduction formula once. M1
3 4 4 3
or e.g.
1
(1) 2 + I 2
2
( )
2
= I4
3 3
1 41 2  1
(1) ( 2) 4
(1) ( 2) 8
4 2
=
I6 tan x sec 4 x +  tan x sec 2 x + =
I2  + +
5 53 3  5 15 15
M1
Applies the given reduction formula again and uses the limits
to reach a numerical expression for I6
28
= Correct value A1
15
Total 10

In part (b), condone confusion with the coefficients provided the intention is clear.

For either method in part (b), all working must be shown and the given reduction formula must be used at least
once. So do not allow e.g. I4 to be evaluated with a calculator but I4 can be evaluated directly without using the
given reduction formula using an alternative method e.g. by parts or by substitution – see below:

Parts:
= ∫=
sec x dx ∫ sec sec x dx sec 2 x tan x − 2 ∫ sec 2 x tan 2 x dx
x=
4 2 2
I4
= sec 2 x tan x − 2 ∫ sec x ( sec
2 2
) dx sec2 x tan x − 2∫ sec4 x dx + 2∫ sec2 x dx
x − 1=
1 2 2
= sec 2 x tan x − 2 I 4 + 2 ∫ sec 2 x dx=
⇒ 3I 4 sec 2 x tan x + 2 tan =
x ⇒ I4 sec x tan x + tan x
3 3
Substitution:

=I4 ∫=
sec x dx ∫ sec x=
4
sec x dx ∫ sec x (1+tan x ) dx
2 2 2 2

3 3
tan x ⇒ ∫ sec x (1+tan x ) dx = ∫ sec x (1+ u )
du u tan x
u= 2 2 2
= +u =
2
+ tan x
2
sec x 3 3

Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
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6(a) i j k
Attempt cross product of direction vectors. If
Normal to plane given by 1 0 3 = ... the method is unclear, look for at least 2 M1
1 −2 1 correct components.

= 6i + 2 j − 2k Or any multiple of this vector. A1

Substitute appropriate point into
6x + 2 y − 2z = d Use a valid point and use scalar product with
normal or substitute into Cartesian equation.
M1
e.g. (1, 1, 1) or (2, 1, 4) to find “d”
6x + 2 y − 2z = 6
*
Given answer. No errors seen A1* cso
3x + y − z = 3
(4)
6(a) ALT r = i + j + k + λ (i + 3k ) + µ (i − 2 j + k )
⇒ x =1 + λ + µ , y =1 − 2 µ , z =1 + 3λ + µ
M1: Forms equation of plane using (1, 1, 1) and direction vectors and extracts 3 equations M1A1
for x, y and z in terms of λ and µ
A1: Correct equations
1 1 1
x =1 + − y + z − + y
1 1 Eliminates λ and µ and achieves an
M1
2 2 3 2 6 equation in x, y and z only.
3x + y − z = 3* Given answer. No errors seen. A1
6(b) s = −3 cao B1
(1)
6(c) i j k
Attempts cross product of normal vectors.
1 1 −2 =i − 5 j − 2k If the method is unclear, look for at least 2 M1
3 1 −1 correct components.

e.g. x = 0, 2 y − 2 z = 6, y − 2 z = 3 Any valid attempt to find a point on the

M1
⇒ y = 3, z = 0 line.
e.g. (0,3,0) Any valid point on the line A1
Correct equation including “r =” or
r = 3 j + λ (i − 5 j − 2k ) y −3 z A1
=
equivalent e.g. x =
−5 −2
(4)
6(c) r = i + j + k + λ (i + 3k ) + µ (i − 2 j + k ), r.(i + j − 2k ) = 3
ALT 1 ⇒ 1 + λ + µ + 1 − 2 µ − 2 − 6λ − 2 µ = 3
M1
Forms equation of first plane using (1, 1, 1) and direction vectors and substitutes into the
second plane to form an equation in λ and µ
Solves to obtain µ in terms of λ or λ in terms
1 M1
⇒ µ = ( −5λ − 3) of µ
3
Correct equation A1
E.g. r = i + j + k + λ (i + 3k ) + 1 ( −5λ − 3) (i − 2 j + k )
3 A1
Correct equation including “r =”
6(c) 3 x + y − z = 3, x + y − 2 z = 3 ⇒ 2 x + z = 0 Uses the Cartesian equations of both
ALT 2 planes and eliminates one variable
M1
Introduces parameter and expresses other
1 5 M1
z =λ ⇒ x =− λ, y = 3 + 2z − x = 3 + λ 2 variables in terms of the parameter
2 2 Correct equations A1
Correct equation including “r =” or
r = 3 j + λ (i − 5 j − 2k ) y −3 z A1
=
equivalent e.g. x =
−5 −2

6(c) 3 x + y − z = 3, x + y − 2 z = 3 ⇒ 2 x + z = 0 Uses the Cartesian equations of both

M1
ALT 3 planes and eliminates one variable
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3 x + y − z = 3, x + y − 2 z = 3 ⇒ 5 x + y = 3 Uses the Cartesian equations of both

M1
planes and eliminates another variable
z 3− y Correct equations for one variable in
⇒x=− , x= A1
2 5 terms of the other 2
Correct equation or equivalent e.g.
y −3 z
=x = 3− y z A1
−5 −2 =x =
5 −2
6(d) ( 3i + j − k )( i + j − 2k ) =6 Correct value for scalar product B1
Full scalar product attempt to reach a value
M1
(3i + j − k ).(i + j − 2k ) 6 for cos θ
=cos θ =
9 +1+1 1+1+ 4 11 For cos θ =
6
A1
11
θ 42.4°
= Correct value. Mark their final answer. A1
(4)
6(d)
ALT
( 3i + j − k ) × ( i + j − 2k ) = 30 Correct value for magnitude of cross product B1
Full attempt to reach a value for sin θ M1
(3i + j − k ).(i + j − 2k ) 55
=sin θ = 55
9 +1+1 1+1+ 4 11 For sin θ = A1
11
θ 42.4°
= Correct value. Mark their final answer. A1
Total 13
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Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
7(i) Attempts to complete the square.
x 2 − 4 x + 5 = ( x − 2) 2 + 1 M1
Allow for (x – 2)2 + c, c > 0
1
∫ ( x − 2)=
2
+1
dx arctan( x − 2) Allow for karctan f (x). M1
 π π π cao
[ arctan( x − 2)]1 = 0−−  =
2
A1
 4 4 4
(3)
7(ii) x2 − 3 x2 − 3 1
∫ x2
d x =
−
x
+∫
x −32
dx
M1
x2 − 3 1
Uses integration by parts and obtains A + B∫ dx
x x2 − 3
1
x2 − 3 x B∫ dx = karcosh f ( x ) M1
=
− + arcosh x −3
2

x 3 All correct A1
3
3 x2 − 3  x2 − 3 x   6 
∫ x 2
dx =

−
x
+ arcosh 
3 
= − + arcosh 3  − (0 + arcosh1)
 3 
3
3 dM1
Applies the limits 3 and Ö3
Depends on both previous M marks
1 1
arcosh 3 − 6= ln( 2 + 3) − 6 Accept either of these forms. A1
3 3
(5)
7(ii) x2 − 3 3cosh 2 u − 3
ALT 1 ∫ x2
dx = ∫ 3cosh 2 u 3 sinh udu A complete substitution using x = Ö3 cosh u M1

= ∫ tanh 2 udu ∫
Obtains k tanh 2 udu M1
= ∫ (1 − sech 2 u )du =
u − tanh u Correct integration A1
x2 − 3
[u − tanh u ]0 ( )
3
∫ 3 x 2 dx = =−arcosh 3 tanh arcosh 3 − 0
arcosh 3

dM1
Applies the limits 0 and arcoshÖ3
Depends on both previous M marks
1 1
arcosh 3 − 6= ln( 2 + 3) − 6 Accept either of these forms. A1
3 3
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7(ii) x2 − 3 3sec2 u − 3
ALT 2 ∫ x2
d x = ∫ 3sec2 u 3 sec u tan udu A complete substitution using x = Ö3 sec u M1

tan 2 u 2
Obtains k ∫ tan u du
=∫ du M1
sec u sec u
= ln(sec u + tan u ) − sin u Correct integration A1
x2 − 3
[ln(sec u + tan u ) − sin u ]0
3
∫ dx =
arcsec 3
3 x2
( ( ) ( ))
= ln sec arcsec 3 + tan arcsec 3 − ln ( sec ( 0 ) + tan ( 0 ) ) − sin arcsec 3 ( ) dM1
Applies the limits 0 and arcsecÖ3
Depends on both previous M marks
3 x2 − 3 1
∫ 3 x 2
dx = ln( 2 + 3) − 6
3
Correct answer. A1

Total 8

Note that there may be other ways to perform the integration in part (ii) e.g. subsequent substitutions.
Marks can be awarded if the method leads to something that is integrable and should be awarded as in the main
scheme e.g. M1 for a complete method, M2 for simplifying and reaching an expression that itself can be integrated
or can be integrated after rearrangement, A1 for correct integration, dM3 for using appropriate limits and A2 as
above.

Alternative approach:

⌠=x −3 ⌠= x −3
dx ⌠ dx − ⌠
2 2
1 3
dx 
x
= dx arcosh − ...
⌡ x 2
⌡ x x −3
2 2
⌡ x −3
2
⌡ x x −3
22
3

Can score M0M1A0dM0A0 if there is no creditable attempt at the second integral.

If the second integral is attempted, it must be using a suitable method

e.g. with either x = 3 cosh u or x = 3 sec u :

⌠ ⌠
∫ sech =
3 3
= dx 3 sinh=
u du 2
u du tanh u + c
⌡ x2 x −3
2
⌡ 3cosh 2 u 3cosh u − 3
2

or
⌠ ⌠
∫ cos u=
3 3
=dx 3 sec u tan u=
du du sin u + c
⌡ x2 x2 − 3 ⌡ 3sec2 u 3sec 2 u − 3

In these cases the first M can then be awarded and the other marks as defined with the appropriate limits used.
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Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
8(a) y
Asymptotes are y = ±2 x y = ±2 x oe e.g. x = ± B1
2
(1)
8(b) Uses the correct eccentricity formula with a
4= e2 − 1 ⇒ e = 5 M1
= 1 and b = 2 to find a value for e.
Foci are (± 5,0) Both required. A1
(2)
8(c) dy 4 x 4sec θ or dy dy dθ 2sec θ 2
dy
8x − 2 y =0 ⇒ = = = × =
dx dx y 2 tan θ dx dθ dx sec θ tan θ
dy dy dy dy dθ M1A1
M1: Ax + By =0 ⇒ =f (θ ) or = × = f (θ )
dx dx dx dθ dx
A1: Correct gradient in terms of θ
Explicit differentiation may be seen:
1 1
4sec θ
( dy 1 2
) ( )
−
y 2= 4 x 2 − 4 ⇒ y= 4 x 2 − 4 2 ⇒ = 4 x − 4 2 × 8 x=
dx 2 4sec2 θ − 4
1

( )
−
= f (θ ) and A1 for correct gradient in terms of θ
dy
Score M1 for = kx 4 x − 4
2 2
dx
4 sec θ Correct straight line method using their
E.g. y − 2 tan θ= ( x − sec θ ) gradient in terms of θ and x = sec θ, M1
2 tan θ y = 2tan θ
y tan θ − 2 tan 2 θ = 2 x sec θ − 2sec 2 θ
⇒ y tan θ − 2 tan=
2
θ 2 x sec θ − 2(1 + tan 2 θ )
Obtains the given answer with sufficient
y tan θ 2 x sec θ − 2 *
= A1cso
working shown as above.
(4)
8(d) 2 tan θ
VP : V (−1, 0); P (sec θ , 2 tan θ=)⇒ y ( x + 1)
sec θ + 1
or
−2 tan θ M1A1
WQ : W (1, 0); Q (sec θ . − 2 tan θ=)⇒ y ( x − 1)
sec θ − 1
M1: Correct straight line method for either VP or WQ
A1: One correct equation in any form
−2 tan θ 2 tan θ
= y ( x − 1),
= y ( x + 1) Both equations correct in any form. A1
sec θ − 1 sec θ + 1
2 tan θ −2 tan θ Attempt to solve and makes progress to
=( x + 1) ( x − 1) ⇒
= x / y ... achieve either x = … or y = …in terms of θ M1
sec θ + 1 sec θ − 1 only.
x = cos θ or y = 2 sin θ One correct coordinate A1
x = cos θ and y = 2 sin θ Both correct A1
y2 Correct equation or correct values for a and
x +
2
=
1 or =
a 1,=
b 2 b
A1
4
(7)
Total 14
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