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Cell & Battery

1) A cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and batteries are multiple cells connected in series. 2) Primary cells are non-rechargeable and secondary cells can be recharged. 3) The document describes the construction and working of the Daniel cell, a primary cell made of zinc and copper electrodes that produces a voltage of 1.1V through oxidation-reduction reactions.

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Shabbir Tamboli
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74 views

Cell & Battery

1) A cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and batteries are multiple cells connected in series. 2) Primary cells are non-rechargeable and secondary cells can be recharged. 3) The document describes the construction and working of the Daniel cell, a primary cell made of zinc and copper electrodes that produces a voltage of 1.1V through oxidation-reduction reactions.

Uploaded by

Shabbir Tamboli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cell & Batteries

Brief Description:-

Cell: - A device in which chemical energy is converted into electrical energy & vice versa is
called as cell. A number of cells connected in series then it is called as batteries.

A cell is classified into

1) Primary cell
2) Secondary cell

Primary cell:- A primary cell or battery is one that cannot easily be recharged after one use,
and are discarded following discharge. Most primary cells utilize electrolytes that are
contained within absorbent material or a separator (i.e. no free or liquid electrolyte), and
are thus termed dry cells. All primary cells are electrochemical cells.

Secondary cell: - A secondary cell or battery is one that can be electrically recharged after
use to their original pre-discharge condition, by passing current through the circuit in the
opposite direction to the current during discharge. All secondary cells are electrolytic cell.

e.g. Daniel cell


Aim of Micro project:-

Collect wastage material from lab & house hold & prepare working model of cell.

Types of Cell:-

A) Primary Cell:-

e.g. i) Dry Cell

ii) Daniel Cell

B) Secondary Cell:-

i) Lead acid storage cell

ii) Ni-Cd battery

Course Outcomes:-

Use corrosion preventive measure in industries.


Construction & working of Daniel cell:-

Construction:-

Daniel cell consists of two half-cells. One half-cell is zinc rod dipped in 1M ZnSO4 solutions.
The other half-cell is copper rod dipped in a solution of 1M CuSO4 solutions. A porous partition or a
salt bridge separates the two half-cells from each other. The two electrodes are connected together
externally by a metal wire through a voltmeter are produced here so anode is the negative electrode.
The copper rod acts as cathode where reduction takes place. Electrons are here so cathode is the
positive electrode.

Working:-

The following reactions take place at the two electrodes.

At the anode:-

Oxidation ---------------- loss of electrons.


At cathode:-

Reduction -------------gain of electrons.

The half reactions can be viewed as a competition between two kinds of metal atoms for
electrons. In this case zinc atoms are more reactive and their tendency to lose electrons is
greater than that of copper. Both the reactions take place simultaneously at both the half-
cell s.

In this cell, electrons travel in the external circuit through the wire from the zinc anode to
the copper cathode. If a bulb is in the circuit, it will light up. If there is a voltmeter, it will
show the voltage. To complete the circuit, both the positive and negative ions move through
the aqueous solutions via the salt bridge.

The total reaction is the sum of two half-cell reactions.

In this process, Zn electrode dissolves in the solution of ZnSO4 and reduces in size while Cu
electrode grows in size due to the deposition of copper metal. Daniel cell generates an
electric potential of 1.10 volt, when the solutions in the half cells are both 1M.

Application:-

It is used for small electricity generation of 1.10 V

Learning Outcomes:-

Comparison of the given primary & secondary electrolytic cell.


References:-

1) Engineering Chemistry by Jain & Jain—Dhanpat Rai & sons, New Delhi, 2015
2) Engineering Chemistry by Dara S.S. – S. Chand publication, New Delhi, 2013

Learning Websites:-

1) www. Chemcollective.org
2) www. Chemistryteaching.com
3) www. Chem1. Com
4) www. Science.howstuffworks.com
5) google searching
6) youtube

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