Surveying engineering Lecture four : vertical angle Method of measuring vertical angle Al Mustagbal University Lecture: Ahmed Ashor The angle enclosed between the horizontal line and the direction of the sighting line is not directly measured by a theodolite. Instead, a specific reading, denoted as (a) and called reading of vertical circle obtained from the vertical circle, and this reading is used to determine the vertical angle. The value of the vertical angle is dependent on the instrument's position during observation (face left or face right) . This can be described as follows: For the face left position (F. The case of a vertical angle is as follows 180 [V=90 — a) (ota aS) at F.L For the face rigth position (F. When the device is in face right, we have the following conditions y= a-270 _VatFL+VatFR (gel AS) at FRAl Mustagbal University Lecture: Ahmed Ashor Surveying engineering Lecture four: vertical angle Example: the vertical angle was measured from station A to station B C D as shown in the following table: B 85° 14" 10" 274° 45°10" A ic 93°27 14" 266° 32° 36" D 97° 18750" 262° 41" 18" If the height of the theodolite at point A = 1.5 m and the level of point A is 30 metres, calculate the levels of points B, C and D if you know that the horizontal distances of these points are 50, 100 and 150, respectively Solution: AB LS V at F.L = 90 — a — 90 — 85° 14" 10" = 4° 45 5 V at FR = « — 270 = 274° 45' 10" — 270 = 4° 45" 10" _ Vath. L+Vat FR _ 4°45'S0"4°45'10" Png LAE LAV ER . = 4424530" EI A5 Elev. B= Elev. A+HI+H But H = 50 tan V ee 3 L, = 50 tan 4° 45" 30" a { = 4.162 m 4 Elev. B= 30+ 1.544.162 3, - & = 35.622 m ts | CA Bay V at FL = 90 — a = 90 — 93° 27' 14" =~ 3° 27 14" V at P.R ~ a — 270 — 266° 32" 36" — 270 ~— 3° 27° 24" _ Vat RLV at RR 3°27 14% (—3°27 24") _ om 2 2 Elev. C = Elev. A+ HI-H But H = 100 tan V = 100 tan — 3° 27" 19" =~ 6.038 m. Blev. C — 30 + 1.5 ~ 6.038 ~ 25.462 m 32719" alk Aas Da Bey V at FL. — 90~ a ~ 90~97° 18" 50" ~~ 7° 18" 50” V at F.R = a — 270 = 262° 41" 18" — 270 =— 7° 18° 42" Vp NEL AV OER, a7 TAS AZ) perpag yelaenN Ld Flev. D=Flev. A+HI-H But H = 150 tan V = 150 tan (~ 7° 18" 46" lev. D = 30+ 1.5 — 19.249 = 12.25 m )=- 19.249 mSurveying engineering AI Mustaqbal University Lecture four : vertical angle Lecture: Ahmed Ashor Example: What is the height of a building if it was monitored using a theodolite device, and the meteorological results were as follows 54° 12' 36" 305° 47' 30" 20 gB 93° 14' 53" 266° 45' 19" ne UD 2 Ao gall MA Lid Ja Vat F.L=90-a = 90-54? 12' 36" = 35° 47' 24" Vat FR =a. -270 = 305° 47' 30" - 270 = 35° 47' 30" VatFL+VatF.R 35°47! 24"+35°47' 30" Vout =e 2 2 =35°4727" EG YI 4s 5 ALL Ad (3 4a yall MB bs Vat FL=90-a =90-93° 14' 53" =— 3° 14' 53" Vat FR=a-270=266° 45' 19"-270=-3° 14'41" VFL : VatFR_-314 ae 4) __sogam yiliaX igs a) ¢ 6 I (H) =H + Hb ft Hi=20tan Vi ln = 20 tan 35° 47' 27" = 14.42 m = oh { He = 20tan V2 ro |, = 20tan (-3° 14' 47") = 1.134 m 4 2 H=Hi+ Ho= 14.42 + 1.134 = 15.554 m