Scribd
Upload
23 views

Basic Computing Periods

The document outlines the history of computers from the earliest calculating devices like the abacus and Napier's bones, to modern general purpose computers. It discusses the invention and development of mechanical calculating machines, the first programmable computer (Z1), the first electronic digital computer (Atanasoff-Berry Computer), the first general purpose electronic computer (ENIAC), the first commercial computer (UNIVAC I), the first stored program computer (EDVAC), and the first portable computer (Osborne 1). The document traces the evolution of computing from manual calculation to modern electronic digital computers.

Uploaded by

bellaberino059
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
23 views

Basic Computing Periods

The document outlines the history of computers from the earliest calculating devices like the abacus and Napier's bones, to modern general purpose computers. It discusses the invention and development of mechanical calculating machines, the first programmable computer (Z1), the first electronic digital computer (Atanasoff-Berry Computer), the first general purpose electronic computer (ENIAC), the first commercial computer (UNIVAC I), the first stored program computer (EDVAC), and the first portable computer (Osborne 1). The document traces the evolution of computing from manual calculation to modern electronic digital computers.

Uploaded by

bellaberino059
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

History of Computer: Basic Computing Periods

Earliest Computers originally calculations were computed by


humans, whose job title was computers.
• The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613,
referring to a person who carried out calculations, or
computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense
until the middle of the 20th century.
a) Tally sticks -A tally stick was an ancient memory aid device to
record and document numbers, quantities, or even messages.
b) Abacus -An abacus is a mechanical device used to aid an
individual in performing mathematical calculations.
• The abacus was invented in Babylonia in 2400 B.C.

c) Napier’s Bones
• Invented by John Napier in 1614.
• Allowed the operator to multiply, divide and calculate square
and cube roots by moving the rods around and placing them in
specially constructed boards.

d) Slide Rule - Invented by William Oughtred in 1622.


• Is based on Napier's ideas about logarithms.
• Used primarily for – multiplication – division – roots – logarithms
– Trigonometry
• Not normally used for addition or subtraction.

e) Pascaline - Invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642.


• It was its limitation to addition and subtraction.
• It is too expensive.

f) Stepped Reckoner - Invented by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in


1672.
• The machine that can add, subtract, multiply and divide
automatically.
g) Jacquard Loom - is a mechanical loom, invented by
Joseph-Marie Jacquard in 1881.
• It is an automatic loom controlled by punched cards.

h) Arithmometer - A mechanical calculator invented by Thomas


de Colmar in 1820.
• The machine could perform the four basic mathematic functions.
• The first mass-produced calculating machine.

i) Difference Engine and Analytical Engine


• It an automatic, mechanical calculator designed to tabulate
polynomial functions.
• Invented by Charles Babbage in 1822 and 1834
• It is the first mechanical computer.

j) First Computer Programmer


- In 1840, Augusta Ada Byron suggests to Babbage that he use
the binary system.
• She writes programs for the Analytical Engine.

k. Scheutzian Calculation Engine


- Invented by Per Georg Scheutz in 1843.
• Based on Charles Babbage's difference engine
. • The first printing calculator.

l. Tabulating Machine - Invented by Herman Hollerith in 1890.


• To assist in summarizing information and accounting.

m. Harvard Mark 1 - Also known as IBM Automatic Sequence


Controlled Calculator (ASCC).
• Invented by Howard H. Aiken in 1943
• The first electro-mechanical computer.

n. Z1-The first programmable computer.


• Created by Konrad Zuse in Germany from 1936 to 1938.
• To program the Z1 required that the user insert punch tape into a
punch tape reader and all output was also generated through
punch tape.

o. Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC)


• It was the first electronic digital computing device.
• Invented by Professor John Atanasoff and graduate student
Clifford Berry at Iowa State University between 1939 and 1942.

p. ENIAC - stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator and


Computer.
• It was the first electronic general-purpose computer.
• Completed in 1946.
• Developed by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly.

q. UNIVAC I (UNIVersal Automatic Computer 1) was the first


commercial computer.
• Designed by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly.

r. EDVAC - stands for Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic


Computer
• The First Stored Program Computer
• Designed by Von Neumann in 1952.
• It has a memory to hold both a stored program as well
as data.

s. Osborne 1 – the first portable computer.


• Released in 1981 by the Osborne Computer Corporation.

t. The First Computer Company - The first computer company


was the Electronic Controls Company.
• Founded in 1949 by John Presper Eckert and John Mauchly

You might also like