CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES
Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Jul-Aug 2023 ISSN: 2660-4159
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Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence and its Relationship to Some
Basic Skills for Junior Football Players under 13 Years
1. Jaafar Ghadeer Abbas Abstract: This study aimed to identify the relationship
of bodily-kinesthetic intelligence with some basic skills
in football for juniors under 13 years, which included
Received 2nd May 2023,
passing, dribbling, and scoring. Bodily-kinesthetic
Accepted 3rd Jun 2023, intelligence is one of the motor cognitive concepts to
Online 14th Jul 2023 reach the desired goal with the least possible ability, as
bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is the experience and
1
efficiency of the individual in using body as a whole to
Mosul Governorate Education express his thoughts and movements, the research
Directorate sample was (46) players of the Bazwaya Football
[email protected] Academy for ages under (13) years for the (2023)
football season, the researcher used a psychometric for
bodily-kinesthetic intelligence consisting of (19)
paragraphs, the player answers the paragraphs of the
scale according to four alternatives (always, frequently,
slightly, never), the scale was corrected by giving
degrees (4, 3, 2, 1) respectively for all paragraphs of the
scale, and the researcher also used skill tests that
included passing, dribbling and scoring, The results
showed a significant correlation between bodily-
kinesthetic intelligence and the three skills addressed in
the study, so the researcher recommends paying
attention to including training curricula for young
players exercises that develop bodily-kinesthetic
intelligence, and trying to conduct studies that include
other types of intelligence.
Key words: bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, skills,
football, juniors.
Introduction:
The goal of workers in training field is to raise the players level according to the logical sequence of
all the basic skills on which the game of football is based, and that the football player must has skill
qualities at a high level that qualifies him to provide the required performance, and maintaining the
skill level without falling of accuracy during the match is important and one of the main foundations
on which the coach relies to achieve the required results, as retaining the skill level despite exposure to
effort The physical during the match is a clear indicator of the weighting of the players who represent
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CAJMNS Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Jul-Aug 2023
the team, the skill qualities are one of the pillars on which the basic motor skills of any of the sports,
including football, which is considered one of the popular games in the world. The psychological
factor is one of the important factors to achieve good results in all games and getting achievements,
and sports games have showed during the past years a remarkable development as a result of the
development of sciences and knowledge This led to the convergence of the level of players from the
physical, skill and tactical aspects, and during that the global sport has developed a great development,
if this development includes all games as a result of benefiting from research and scientific studies in
finding and innovating scientific methods for the purpose of developing and addressing problems in
the sports field in ways Scientific research, and taking advantage of modern theories in the sciences of
physical education and other associated sciences to develop everything related to the learning and
training processes of skills and in all sports, and that each game of sports special motor performance
distinguishes it from the rest of the games, and enters psychology in its development. Bodily-
kinesthetic intelligence is one of the motor cognitive concepts to reach the desired goal with the least
possible ability, as physical motor intelligence is the experience and efficiency of the individual in
using body as a whole to express thoughts and movements. It includes physical intelligence motor
ability to use some or all parts of body to produce things or convert, and includes this intelligence
physical skills motor balance and strength and flexibility and speed as well as the sense of movement
of the body and its status and abilities physical and skill and planning and psychological, and these
abilities require availability to an equal extent as a result of the close interdependence between them .
Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence plays an important role in the game of football, especially in the skills
of passing, dribbling, and scoring due to the nature of the game, its speed, the multiplicity of its tactics
and basic skills being one of the important skills, but all skills are not useful unless the desired goal of
the skill is achieved, and that is why the players must maintain a high level of mental and motor
operations among the players of team games in general and football in particular because of what is
included in the playing situations.
Therefore, the player needs attention, sensation, perception and speed of intuition, to continue with
same speed and strength in order to perform the skills of passing, scoring and dribbling at the right
time and place, and the bodily-kinesthetic intelligence in the game of football is a strong pillar on
which the success and superiority of the player depends through ability to contribute consciously and
control motor skill that contributes to the success and superiority of the team as an integrated unit by
achieving the win, hence the importance of research, which is to link mental work (bodily-kinesthetic
intelligence) with performance skill of passing, scoring and dribbling in football.
Method:
The problem that the researcher seeks to solve is the one that determines the approach that is chosen
for the purpose of reaching the required results, so the researcher used the descriptive approach in the
style of correlational relations, which is defined as the accurate perception of the mutual relations
between society, trends, tendencies, desires and development so that the research gives a picture of the
reality of life, setting indicators and building future predictions, and a community was represented by
the players of Mosul Governorate academies for the football season 2023, while the research sample is
the players of the Bazawya Football Academy for ages under 13 and the number of 46 players .
The researcher adopted scale of physical intelligence – motor prepared by (Nabil,2011), and the scale
consists of (19) paragraphs, the player answers the paragraphs of the scale according to four
alternatives (always, frequently, slightly, never), the correction is by giving degrees (4, 3, 2, 1)
respectively for all paragraphs of the scale, and that the lowest degree on the scale (19) degrees, and
the highest degree is (76) degrees , with an assumed average of (47.5), and the correction of the scale
is done through the scores collected by the respondent on all paragraphs, as shown below:
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CAJMNS Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Jul-Aug 2023
Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence scale
paragraphs always frequently slightly never
1 I can focus my attention and thoughts on all movements
of my colleagues.
2 The best of my performance of skills and movements in
front of my colleagues.
3 My performance of skills that require attention is
outstanding.
4 I maintain my body balance in my performance of
some skills.
5 When I perform a manual skill I can access my
thoughts.
6 Express my opinion using body movements and facial
expression.
7 I can accomplish handicrafts accurately such as pottery,
decoration.
8 Create new high movements.
9 I do things like magic tricks with my hands.
10 My performance of different skills with high
compatibility.
11 I change my direction of movement quickly and
accurately.
12 Possess skill in using movements and hand gestures
accurately.
13 I can learn faster on a machine when I get it instead of
learning it from someone.
14 I am good at performing a skill that requires precision.
15 Easily gain a sports game.
16 The best thoughts come to my mind while performing
physical movements.
17 I can use my body movements to imitate some of my
colleagues and accurately.
18 If necessary, I use parts of my body simultaneously.
19 When I tell a story, I'm mobile.
Skill tests:
1- Passing test:
Tools: a specific area to conduct the test, football number (5), tape measure.Test description: Three
concentric circles of diameters are drawn respectively (2 m, 4 m, 6 m) and degrees are given to them
respectively (6, 4, 2) where the center of the circles is the point of distance between the starting line
and the three circles that are (20) meters. How to score: The player is given (5) consecutive attempts.
Calculates the number of scores a player gets from the five attempts. If the ball falls on the lines of the
circles, degrees and according to the sequence of circles are given (5, 3, 1) degrees. The attempt is
considered a failure if the ball falls out of circles.
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CAJMNS Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Jul-Aug 2023
2- Scoring accuracy: tools: tape measure, football number (10), goal divided by ropes. How to
perform: (10) balls are placed in specific places of the penalty area, as the player shoots these balls one
after the other sequentially on square targets length (1,50×1) meters specified inside the goal was
marked on the corner and the attempt is not correct in the event that none of the four goals is hit, the
test starts from ball No. (1) and ends at ball No. (10). Test instructions: The tester must take the kick
from behind the starting line and the kick is not counted correctly if the tester crosses the starting line
when taking kicks. Test Management: A recorder who calculates the number of correct fouls and
kicks. Test description: The laboratory stands at a distance of (11) meters from the target and when the
start signal is given, the laboratory scores, as the points are scored according to the location. Scoring:
Calculates the number of kicks that enter or touch the four specific targets.
3- Dribbling test: Tools: The starting and end line of the distance between them (25) meters. (10) pillar
placed at equal distances, (2) meters between one post and another and the starting and ending line at a
distance of (2) meters from the first pillar. Football . Stopwatch . timing . Method of performance:
running with the ball between (10) pillars, distance between (2) meters back and forth. Test
instructions: Running zigzag between legs in two directions (back and forth). The player is given two
attempts. Calculated the best time recorded. Running between pillars in any way and on any side to the
right or left of the pillars.
Results:
Table (1)
Variables Metrics Mean Std. Correlation Sig.
coefficient
Processors calculated Tabular
bodily-kinesthetic degree
53.38 11.09
intelligence 0.664 0.468 Significant
Passing accuracy degree 19.22 3.74
*Tabular correlation coefficient value (0.468) below significance level (0.05) and degree of freedom
(16).
Table (2)
Variables Metrics Mean Std. Correlation coefficient Sig.
calculated Tabular
Processors
bodily-kinesthetic degree
53.38 11.09
intelligence 0.721 0.468 Significant
Scoring degree 32.82 5.77
*Tabular correlation coefficient value (0.468) below significance level (0.05) and degree of freedom
(16).
Table (3)
Variables Metrics Mean Std. Correlation coefficient Sig.
calculated Tabular
Processors
bodily-kinesthetic degree
53.38 11.09
intelligence 0.623 0.433 Significant
Drilling degree 23.82 4.77
*Tabular correlation coefficient value (0.433) below significance level (0.05) and degree of freedom
(16).
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Discussion:
It has appeared through the presentation and analysis of the results in the previous tables that there is a
significant correlation between bodily-kinesthetic intelligence and the accuracy of passing, dribbling,
and scoring football for players of the Bazwaya academy under 13 years, the researcher attributes this
significant link to the fact that all the skills performed by the football player been under the concept of
bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, which specialists define as experience in the use of the individual of
body to express thoughts and feelings and ease of use in the formation of things and this intelligence
includes physical skills Certain such as coordination, balance, skill, flexibility and speed .
These skills are also one of the basics of playing in football, as their repetition results during training
and matches for their development, despite the fact that the game of football is one of the games of a
changing nature during the match, and is characterized by the multiplicity of its requirements as it does
not go at the same pace, which puts a great load on the player because of the physical and skill
capabilities it requires that he be able to link and coordinate intelligently to come out with an ideal
performance, so it requires the player to have a high degree of intelligence that It is considered the
ability of the player to solve the problems facing him in different styles and methods.
Also, the factors that affect the player such as the opponent, the ball, the movement of the colleague or
competitor, the pressure of the fans, the nature of the match and the psychological state that the player
is going through are problems that plague performance, which requires the player a high level of
intelligence to be able to make appropriate decisions and find solutions to overcome these obstacles
during performance because bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is the basis for individual differences
between athletes, which is an important condition for success in most sports activities, especially those
activities that require quick awareness of obstacles in Different playing situations.
Passing in football is used in the widest range due to the large area of the pitch, as passing saves effort
and time and makes opportunities, especially if it is safe to take the right positions to receive passing.
dribbling is one of the basics of building play as it is used extensively during possession of the ball. As
for scoring, it is the goal of all teams and players, as scoring goals against opponents is the goal of
each player, which is not an easy process in football, as it requires speed in making decisions as well
as accuracy, strength, speed. scoring is one of the most difficult tactical duties assigned to the player,
especially if he faces a solid defense.
Conclusions:
Through the results reached by the researcher, the following was concluded:
1. There is a significant correlation between bodily-kinesthetic intelligence and accuracy of passing
among players.
2. There is a significant correlation between bodily-kinesthetic intelligence and dribbling among
players.
3. There is a significant correlation between bodily-kinesthetic intelligence and scoring accuracy
among players.
Recommendations:
Based on the results of the research, the researcher recommends the following:
1. Workers in the field of sports, including teachers, and coaches, should give great importance to the
mental preparation of learners because of its great impact on achieving results.
2. Give importance to bodily-kinesthetic intelligence when teaching or training basic football skills.
3. Conduct research on other types of intelligences and their relationship to basic football skills.
4. Conducting similar applied studies that address mental phenomena or any other mental variable.
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