HKDSE CHEMISTRY — A Modern View (Second Edition)

Part II Microscopic world I

Chemistry: Chapter 6 The Periodic Table

Combined Science (Chemistry Part): Chapter 6 The Periodic Table

Structured questions

Sections 6.16.4
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The Group I elements of the Periodic Table are shown below.

Li
Na
K
Cs
Rb
Fr

(a) What is the name of Group I elements? (1 mark)

(b) State ONE physical property of Group I elements. (1 mark)

(c) Potassium burns in air to form a white solid. What do you expect when rubidium
burns in air? Explain your answer. (2 marks)

(d) Suggest how Group I metals are stored in the school laboratory. (1 mark)

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(a) Alkali metals 1
(b) They are soft / have low densities. 1
(c) Rubidium burns in air more vigorously to form white solid. 1
Rubidium and potassium have one outermost shell electron so they have
similar chemical properties. Reactivity of Group I elements increases
down the group. 1
(d) They should be stored under paraffin oil. 1

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To investigate whether sodium and iron show similar chemical properties, a student
added a piece of sodium and an iron nail to a trough of water respectively.

(a) (i) Explain why the student should not add the piece of sodium to water by
hands. (1 mark)

(ii) Suggest how the student should add the piece of sodium to water. (1 mark)

(b) State TWO observable changes when sodium is added to water. (2 marks)

(c) What would be observed when a piece of pH paper is dipped into the resultant
solution? (1 mark)

(d) State the observation when an iron nail is added to water. (1 mark)

(e) Do you think sodium and iron belong to the same group in the Periodic Table?
Explain briefly. (2 marks)

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(a) (i) Sodium is a corrosive metal. 1
(ii) The student should add the piece of sodium to water with a pair of
forceps. 1
(b) Any TWO:
It floats on water. 1
It melts to a silvery ball which moves about on the water surface. 1
A colourless gas is given out. (1)

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(c) The paper turns blue. 1

(d) The iron nail sinks to the bottom. 1
(e) They do not belong to the same group in the Periodic Table 1
as they show different chemical properties. 1
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The following shows a part of the Periodic Table.

Group
I II III IV V VI VII 0
Period
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

(a) Which is the least reactive halogen in the above Periodic Table? Suggest ONE
daily use of the halogen. (2 marks)

(b) Which of the above elements is used to make computer chips? (1 mark)

(c) Which of the elements in the above Periodic Table have the greatest atomic
number? Write its electronic arrangement. (2 marks)

(d) A student stated that lithium and sodium have the same chemical properties as
they belong to the same group. Comment on the statement. (2 marks)

(e) State ONE similarity of a lithium atom and a fluorine atom in terms of the atomic
structure. (1 mark)

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Part II Microscopic world I

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(a) Chlorine 1
It can be used to sterilize swimming pool water / make polyvinyl chloride
/ make solvent / make chlorine bleach. 1
(b) Silicon / Si 1
(c) Argon / Ar 1
2, 8, 8 1
(d) The statement is incorrect. 1
Lithium and sodium have similar but not the same chemical properties as
they only have the same number of outermost shell electrons (not the
same number of electrons). 1
(e) They have the same number of occupied electron shells. 1
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Consider the elements in the third period of the Periodic Table.

(a) What is the special name of the group which sodium belongs to? (1 mark)

(b) (i) Name the semi-metal element in the period. (1 mark)

(ii) State ONE use of this element. (1 mark)

(c) One of the elements is very inert and can be used to fill the light bulbs.
(i) Name the element. (1 mark)

(ii) By stating the electronic arrangement of the element, explain why it is inert.
(2 marks)

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(a) Alkali metals 1

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(b) (i) Silicon 1

(ii) It is used to make computer chips. 1
(c) (i) Argon 1
(ii) The electronic arrangement of argon is 2, 8, 8. 1
It has an octet of electrons. 1
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X and Y are two elements. The electronic arrangements of X and Y are 2, 8, 8 and 2, 8,
y, 8 respectively. The atomic number of Y is 36.

(a) What is the value of y? (1 mark)

(b) Do you expect X and Y are reactive? Explain briefly. (2 marks)

(c) What is the special name of the group of these two elements? (1 mark)

(d) One element in this group has a different number of outermost shell electrons.
(i) Name the element. (1 mark)

(ii) Draw the electron diagram of an atom of this element. (2 marks)

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(a) y = 18 1
(b) They are unreactive. 1
They have an octet of electrons. 1
(c) Noble gases 1

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(d) (i) Helium 1

(ii)

Correct chemical symbol of helium 1

Correct number of electrons 1
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Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine belong to Group VII in the Periodic Table.

(a) What are Group VII elements commonly known as? (1 mark)

(b) Which of the above elements is the most reactive? (1 mark)

(c) State what would be observed when iodine is heated. (1 mark)

(d) Fluorine and chlorine are gases at room conditions. Explain why we should NOT
distinguish the two gases by smelling them directly. (1 mark)

(e) Astatine is the element below iodine in the Periodic Table.

(i) Predict the physical state of astatine at room conditions. (1 mark)

(ii) Compare the reactivity of astatine with iodine. (1 mark)

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(a) Halogens 1
(b) Fluorine 1
(c) Violet vapour forms. 1
(d) Fluorine and chlorine are poisonous gases. 1

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(e) (i) It is a solid at room conditions. 1

(ii) Astatine is less reactive than iodine. 1
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