20221 007 Prof Nurudeen A. Raji Mechanical Engineering Department, Lagos State University, Oj, LECTURE 1 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT OF MECHANICS OF MACHINE Prof. Nurudeen A. Raji ‘Mechanical Engineering Department, Lagos State University, Ojo. 21/11/2022INTRODUCTION The concept of the study of Mechanics of Machine include the kinematic and ‘Kinetic nature of mechanisms and other rigid bodies G Kinematics of machines is a study ofthe relative mation of machine part. Displacement, velocity, and acceleration are considered The motion ofthese pats are sometimes referred as dynamic Dynamics of machines treats with the forces acting on the parts of a machine {and the motions resulting from these forces, Machine: A machine is a device for transforming or transferring energy. It is sometimes defined as consisting of a number of fhed and moving, bodies interposed between the soure of power andthe work tobe done forthe purpose ‘of adapting one to the other. Kinematic diagram is the drawing ofthe parts of a machine in skeleton form so that only those dimensions which afect their motions are considered enon et , KINEMATIC DIAGRAM Fig. 1: Slider-Crank Fig. 2: Belt Drive 21/11/2022KINEMATIC JOINTS ‘Akinematic joint isthe connection between two links by a pin. There is clearance between the pin and the hole inthe ends of the links being connected 50 that there s free motion of the links AA Late at tan ae Fig. 3: Types of kinematic joints ELEMENTS OR LINKS Aink (or element or kinematic ink) i a resistant body (or assembly of resistant bodies) constituting a part (or parts) of the machine, connecting other parts, which have motion, relative to it. A slider crank mechanism of an internal ‘combustion engine, shown in Fig. 4, consists of four links, namely, (2) frame, (2) crank, (3) connecting rod and (4) sider sete ebay re en KINEMATIC LINKS Boy Fig. 4: Kinematic inks of a Tose slider crank mechanism ‘Thre are four ype fins: igi exe, ek and Ating ks + Ai link: igi ink doesnot weg» any Jormaton while transiting non Links in sna an clastic in nature. Thy are considered ig they nx undergo operas dean ‘maton while warsmiting motion, cg. connecting fo cua. ppt od ee * Flee tak fete tink isons which while tasting motion is pay deformed in a ‘manne nt oft the transmission of oon eg. bi ropcs, chain springs oe + Fu ink: i ik is deformed by sig Hi ina close vessel and the mio is wansite tod though the id by pressure asin he ease of a hydraulic pres. hyauic ack. snd fed take. * Floaing ink sink which snot connected to the fan aananen see ‘ 21/11/2022Joint GAA joint is a movable connection between links and allows relative motion between the links. The two primary joints, also called fuljoints, are the revolute and sliding joints, The revolute joint i also called a pin or hinge Joint. 1 itallows pure rotation between the two links that it onnects, The sliding joints also called a piston or prismatic joint. 2 Itallows linear sliding between the links that it connects, Fig. S: me sty A cam joint is shown in Figure 6a. It allows for both rotation and sliding between the two links that it connects a Because of the complex motion permitted, the cam connection is called a higher-order joint, also called half oi A gear connection aso allows rotation and sliding between two gears as thelr teeth mesh. This arrangement is shown in Figure 6b. The gear connection is also a higher-order joint Fig 6: sane wot 2/11/2022oy MECHANISM 1B A mechanism sa set of machine elements or components or parts aranged ia ‘spect order to produce a spectied motion. {2 The machine elements or components are considered rigid or resistant bodies that donot deform under the ation of forees, Resistant bodies are bodies that donot suffer appreciable distortion or change in physical form due to forces acting on them, e.g springs, belts, and Mud Elastic bodies are aso resistant bodies. > They are capable of transmiing the requted forces with negligible delormtion Rigi botkes are bodies that do not deform under the action of forces. All resistant bodles are considered rigid bodes for the purpose of transiting | 10 21/11/2022u MECHANISM AND MACHINES GA machine isa device that transforms energy avalable in one frm to another to do certain type of desired useful work The parts of the machine move relative to one another. its links may transmit both power and motion. 6m the other hand, a mechanism is a combination of rigid or restraining bodies, Wwhich are so shaped and connected that they move upon each other with definite relative motion A mechanism is obtained when one ofthe links of the kinematic chain is fe. GA machine i a combination of two or more mechanisms arranged in such 9 way s0 85 to obtain the required mation and transfer the energy to some desired point by the application of energy at some other convenient point GA machine is not able to move itself and must get the mative power from some Degrees of Freedom of Planar Mechanisms + Mle huni: The web of a mcchanian esti ath umber of ges fren it poncsesAmcyanalot atin ral th minim numb pee cm puri yu pv the aan of ery nk whim a mech, + achach entero: The Kuler cari fi demining he nomber of ce of dom ‘a pla chant linear displacement and > Angular displacement BR Re > Ry ERT A = yy Ean? 2 24/11/2022 iuExample 1 ryger it sms prety ehtheseetetnechertetinere ete MESSE LS Sten ameter Nera etc ae aoe ek aleice dyn cate ey jon bron b a glhare pone ya UU Ka gram Ep role penven not tot 21/11/2022Col v3 usualy Mngutolleselly 5 Deri the ats of Al nk Piety Camel he Frame Tw mp the han he ie at of ll he oon hs tht ae canted he are {IC aed, Thao shorn ape 4 Determine the Pci Position of Pint ng ig th shape of nk 3 cant chang, andthe tance betes oun snp has ee more 1 8 aa ca eden of any ‘nie pl of poet Teter hi art eso Than naming 128 Prec Pain of oi ‘he ption oC aa detec inks 3 dough 6 can ede he yaa of rk 4s the ang tn her he a 25 ve 18st ge lng coy pa Analy demic th dln ohn eas hen mea dea 1 noUMEs Tol comp for Eample Preble 21/11/2022 1320226, 1 Dra Kiemati Digro “rein iran pe 116 Tho cha wa pt a tt X NGURE ie Mechanix FeamplePalem 3, 7 2 Amys th Goethe Origin Confira shining atl ce i ints A Rand Thi rng da option rope he npn ntaton le a aC. COCA, can DS dering fron he ln anes The nen mca = s(x acne] = dol ( 282 as = saa The imei age tab ABC; en bo och to al init ang i ny ge ABC = 180 en = ncn eco fr the i Tete ste AC he igi pie af he da = Ve ein + Goma RO mn Wand on OFT 28 21/11/2022 14P20 22629 thet O yrocredonstioy Corsleny 7 Press regpordee, Anaya the Geometry i the Displased Configuration 4.6 he the hae tat dead 15% Nate thn plc on of tes seo cab ec Exercise 1 es 21 showy clang ed a cringed ding mahi pct Analy erm ‘heap hth han nt he dpe oe ot hcp ar snk FcUME Aa Clamp or Example Problem 45 30 21/13/2022 asExercise 2 we in Fite 4.269 the diving haage fr tviprocating sabe aw, Determine the ua tn that ples thes Bade ns hnting pent, oh re GUE (20 Saber sa mex hat for Example Mable 46, 21/11/2022