te of technology Phy’ Kurukshetra “(practical) ject: To find the specific rotar; Ohicets Pecific rotation ofa solution by using a polarimeter. Apparatus: Biquartz polatime ‘ct Sodium ordinary Lamp, Sugar, Graduated eylinder, Beakers, Filter paper, Funnel, Glass rod, Tripod stand ete. ° * ° . ‘et the optical rotation produced by L decimeters of a solution and ‘c’ the concentration in grams Per c.c., Specific rotation at a given temperature (t) and corresponding to a wave length is given by B= Rotataion in degree Length in decimeter xconcentartion in gms/cc Procedure: ion of 20% solution: Take a clean dry beaker. Add 8 grams of sugar in it and dissolve the sugar in about 30 to 35 c.c. of distilled water with the help of a glass rod. Transfer the solution in graduated cylinder and add more distilled water carefully till the solution becomes 40 c.c filter the solution in clean beaker and cover it. 2. If the polarimeter is employing a half shade device, a monochromatic source should be used and if bi quartz device is used then white light can be used. 3, Take the polarimeter tube and clean well both the sides such that it is free from dust. Now fill the tube with pure water and see that no air bubble is enclosed it, Place the tube in its position inside the Polarimeter. 4, Switch on the source of light and look through the eyepiece. Two halves of unequal intensity is observed. Rotate the analyzer until two halves of the field appears equal bright. Take the reading of main scale as well as verniel ie and find out the total reading. 5. Take the polarimeter tube and remove the pure water and fill it with the prepared sugar solution and again place it in the polarimeter. 6. Rotate the analyzer to obtain the equal intensity position, first in clockwise direction and then in anti-clockwise direction. When the tube containing sugar solution is placed in the path of the polarized light, the plane of polarization is rotated which disturbs the previous position.]d vernier scales in the two directions. Fing jin an sr on mai ; ta ; ston of he a4 ig and previous reading gives the specite 7. nase dn (BEY fifverence bower? t . ee ene diffe eading “The tho mean |. oftdifferent concentrations. ratation. sa the sugar solutions of differen 1 with the s experimen sg. Repeat the Fig: Experimental set uP Observations: (A) Vernier constant of circular scale (B) Length of the polarimeter tube (L) = decimeter o/c SeNo | Strength of sugar Seale reading Rotation () Mean 8 solution in gms | through solution Ta [se Mra Per | Perce Tse Position | Position 100c.c | (¢) | Position | Position veep Zero 20% 10% T 5% 2.5% Specific rotation gs Temperature of water (t °C) = Value of specific rotation from table at t° 7 Percentage error .Loy oS CrP nnn se w The specific rotation has been for be. est: The spe of sugar has b id to Res ni i 10, Define refract ype of sugar (Dexo/Leavo) ecautions: Precautions: « The tube and glass window should be cleaned. The caps should : be screwed in suich a manner that there is no leakage. y bright position. «The reading should ' . be taken in equally dark position and not in equall nder examination. Whenevel ‘ion i : solution is changed, rinse the tube with the new solution u! «The position of analyzer should be set accurately. ‘The temperature and wavelength of light used should be stated. Readit eading should be taken when halves of the field of view becomes equally illuminate. Viva Questions What do you mean by polarization? What are optical rotations? Brewster’s law of polarization? What is jane of polarization. Define plane © What do you mean by d What is Nicol prism? ne polarize xtra ordinary lights nile extra ordinary do ¢ vibration and p louble refraction? What is mean by pla .d and unpolarized light? What are the ordinary and e Snell’s law yesn’t obey the Snell's law. Ordinary light obey’ ive index.