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TCW1202201408 Material Science.

This document contains instructions and questions for a Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) Degree Part I Supplementary Examination in Material Science. The exam is divided into 4 questions across 2 sections. Question 1 has multiple parts related to the importance of materials knowledge for engineers, factors in material selection, metallic bonding, and electronic configurations. Question 2 focuses on distinguishing atomic weight from atomic mass, calculating ionic radii and character. Questions 3 and 4 contain additional calculations and definitions related to crystal structures, properties, imperfections and deformation. The document provides necessary references including a table of electronegativity values and periodic table of elements.

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56 views3 pages

TCW1202201408 Material Science.

This document contains instructions and questions for a Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) Degree Part I Supplementary Examination in Material Science. The exam is divided into 4 questions across 2 sections. Question 1 has multiple parts related to the importance of materials knowledge for engineers, factors in material selection, metallic bonding, and electronic configurations. Question 2 focuses on distinguishing atomic weight from atomic mass, calculating ionic radii and character. Questions 3 and 4 contain additional calculations and definitions related to crystal structures, properties, imperfections and deformation. The document provides necessary references including a table of electronegativity values and periodic table of elements.

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ShiestyT
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND WATER ENGINEERING


BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (HONOURS) DEGREE
PART I SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION - AUGUST 2014
TCW 1202: MATERIAL SCIENCE

INSTRUCTIONS
1. Answer all questions.
2. Each question carries 20 marks.

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
1. Table of Electronegativities of Elements.
2. Periodic Table of Elements.
Time: 3 Hours

Total Marks: 100

SECTION A

Question 1
(a) Explain why engineers need to have some knowledge about materials. [2]
(b) Discuss the statement that ‘selection of a material is compromise of many
factors’. [9]
(c) Briefly describe metallic bonding. [5]
(d) Write the electronic configuration of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions using spdf convention
given that for the Fe atom, Z = 26. [4]

Question 2
(a) Distinguish between atomic weight and atomic mass. [2]
(b) If the attractive force between a pair of Sr2+ and S2- is 9.544 x 10-9 N and the ionic
radius of the S2- is 0.184nm, calculate the ionic radius of the Sr2+ ion in
nanometers.
You are also given that e=1.602 x 10-19C and ɛ0 = 8.85 x 10-12F/m. [4]
(c) Calculate the percentage ionic character in the semiconducting compounds ZnS
and GaP. [4]
(d) Represent the following on neatly drawn sketches:
(i) [101]
(ii) [111]
(iii) [203]
(iv) [312] [9]
(e) Calculate the Miller indices of a cubic plane which has the following intercepts:
a = ½, b = ⅓ and c = 1. [1]
SECTION B

Question 3
(a) Calculate the planar atomic density on the (110) plane of the α iron BCC lattice in
atoms per square millimetre given that the lattice constant of α iron is
0.287nm. [5]
(b) Calculate the linear atomic density in the [110] direction in the copper crystal
lattice in atoms per millimetre. Copper is FCC and has a lattice constant of
0.361nm. [3]
(c) Calculate the theoretical volume change accompanying a polymorphic
transformation in a pure metal from the FCC to BCC crystal structure. Assume
the hard-sphere atomic model and that there is no change in atomic volume
before and after the transformation. [6]
(d) Define the following terms:
(i) polymorphism,
(ii) crystal,
(iii) Pauli’s exclusion principle,
(iv)Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle,
(v) Permanent dipole bond. [6]

Question 4

(a) With the aid of a neatly drawn sketch, write brief notes on twin boundaries. [6]
(b) The fraction of vacancy sites in a metal is 1.0x10-10 at 5000°C. What will be the
fraction of vacancy sites at 1000°C? [4]
(c) The surface energy of a single crystal depends on crystalline orientation. Does
this surface energy increase or decrease in planar density? Explain. [4]
(d) Briefly describe the following imperfections found in solid materials:
i)point imperfection, [2]
ii)line imperfection, [2]
iii)surface imperfection. [2]

Question 5

(a) For a bronze alloy, the stress at which plastic deformation begins is 280MPa, and
the modulus of elasticity is 115GPa.
i) What is the maximum load that may be applied to a specimen with cross-
sectional area of 325mm2 without plastic deformation? [2]
ii) If the original specimen length is 120mm, what is the maximum length to
which it may be stretched without causing plastic deformation? [3]
(b) Cite the primary differences between elastic, anelastic, viscoelastic and plastic
deformations. [4]
(c) A cylindrical specimen of a hypothetical metal alloy is stressed in compression.
If its original and final diameters are 20.000mm and 20.025mm, respectively, and
its final length is 74.96mm, compute its original length if the deformation is
totally elastic. The elastic and shear moduli for this alloy are 105GPa and
39.7GPa, respectively. [7]
(d) A metal wire is 2.5mm diameter and 2m long. A force of 12N is applied to it and
stretches 0.3mm. Assume the material is elastic. Determine the following:
i) the stress in the wire, [2]
ii) the strain in the wire. [2]
Figure 1. The electronegativity values of elements

***End of Examination Paper***

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