Inventory Database

The very first step is to create the Inventory Database. It can be created using the query
as shown below.
CREATE SCHEMA `inventory` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE
utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
I have used the character set utf8mb4 to support a wide range of characters.
User Table
In this section, we will design the User Table to store user information. Users can
manage their own profiles. Also, the users can use the application according to the roles
assigned to them. You can also refer to the tutorial RBAC Database in MySql to
implement a complete RBAC system for managing roles and permissions. Below
mentioned is the description of all the columns of the User Table.
Id The unique id to identify the user.
Role Id The role of the user. It can be Admin, Supplier, Salesperson, and Customer.
First Name The first name of the user.
Middle Name The middle name of the user.
Last Name The last name of the user.
Mobile The mobile number of the user. It can be used for login and registration purposes.
Email The email of the user. It can be used for login and registration purposes.
Password The password hash generated by the appropriate algorithm. We must avoid storing plain o
Hash passwords.
Registered At This column can be used to calculate the life of the user with the application.
Last Login It can be used to identify the last login of the user.
Intro A brief introduction of the User.
Profile User details.
The User Table with the appropriate constraints is shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`user` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`roleId` SMALLINT NOT NULL,
`firstName` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`middleName` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`lastName` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`username` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`mobile` VARCHAR(15) NULL,
`email` VARCHAR(50) NULL,
`passwordHash` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL,
`registeredAt` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`lastLogin` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`intro` TINYTEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`profile` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE INDEX `uq_username` (`username` ASC),
UNIQUE INDEX `uq_mobile` (`mobile` ASC),
UNIQUE INDEX `uq_email` (`email` ASC) );
Product Table
In this section, we will design the Product Table to store the product data. Below
mentioned is the description of all the columns of the Product Table.
Id The unique id to identify the product.
Title The product title to be displayed on the Inventory.
Summary The summary to mention the key highlights.
Type The type to distinguish between the different product types.
Created At It stores the date and time at which the product is created.
Updated At It stores the date and time at which the product is updated.
Content The column used to store the additional details of the product.
The Product Table with the appropriate constraints is shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`product` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`title` VARCHAR(75) NOT NULL,
`summary` TINYTEXT NULL,
`type` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`createdAt` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`updatedAt` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`content` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
Product Meta
The Product Meta Table can be used to store additional information about products
including the product banner URL etc. Below mentioned is the description of all the
columns of the Product Meta Table.
Id The unique id to identify the product meta.
Product Id The product id to identify the parent product.
Key The key identifying the meta.
Content The column used to store the product metadata.
The Product Meta Table with the appropriate constraints is as shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`product_meta` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`productId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`key` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
`content` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
INDEX `idx_meta_product` (`productId` ASC),
UNIQUE INDEX `uq_product_meta` (`productId` ASC, `key` ASC),
CONSTRAINT `fk_meta_product`
FOREIGN KEY (`productId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`product` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;
Category Table and Product Category Table
In this section, we will design the Category Table and Product Category Table to store
the product categories and their mappings. Below mentioned is the description of all the
columns of the Category Table.
Id The unique id to identify the category.
Parent Id The parent id to identify the parent category.
Title The category title.
Meta Title The meta title to be used for browser title and SEO.
Slug The category slug to form the URL.
Content The column used to store the category details.
The Category Table with the appropriate constraints is as shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`category` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`parentId` BIGINT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`title` VARCHAR(75) NOT NULL,
`metaTitle` VARCHAR(100) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`slug` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
`content` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`));

ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`category`

ADD INDEX `idx_category_parent` (`parentId` ASC);
ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`category`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_category_parent`
FOREIGN KEY (`parentId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`category` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION;
Below mentioned is the description of all the columns of the Product Category Table.
Product Id The product id to identify the product.
Category Id The category id to identify the category.
The Product Category Table with the appropriate constraints is as shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`product_category` (
`productId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`categoryId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`productId`, `categoryId`),
INDEX `idx_pc_category` (`categoryId` ASC),
INDEX `idx_pc_product` (`productId` ASC),
CONSTRAINT `fk_pc_product`
FOREIGN KEY (`productId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`product` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
CONSTRAINT `fk_pc_category`
FOREIGN KEY (`categoryId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`category` (`id`)
 ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION);
Brand Table
In this section, we will design the Brand Table to store the brand data. Below mentioned
is the description of all the columns of the Brand Table.
Id The unique id to identify the brand.
Title The brand title to be displayed on the Inventory.
Summary The summary mentions the key highlights.
Created At It stores the date and time at which the product is created.
Updated At It stores the date and time at which the product is updated.
Content The column used to store the additional details of the brand.
The Brand Table with the appropriate constraints is shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`brand` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`title` VARCHAR(75) NOT NULL,
`summary` TINYTEXT NULL,
`createdAt` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`updatedAt` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`content` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
Order Table Table
This section provides the table to manage the inventory orders. The order can be
associated with either Supplier or the Customer. Below mentioned is the description of
all the columns of the Order Table.
Id The unique id to identify the order.
User Id The user id to identify the Supplier or Customer associated with the order.
Type The order type to distinguish among Purchase Order or Customer Order.
Status The status of the order can be New, Checkout, Paid, Failed, Shipped, Delivered, Returned, and C
Sub Total The total price of the Order Items.
Item Discount The total discount of the Order Items.
Tax The tax on the Order Items.
Shipping The shipping charges of the Order Items.
Total The total price of the Order including tax and shipping. It excludes the items discount.
Promo The promo code of the Order.
Discount The total discount of the Order based on the promo code or store discount.
Grand Total The grand total of the order to be paid by the buyer.
Created At It stores the date and time at which the order is created.
Updated At It stores the date and time at which the order is updated.
Content The column used to store the additional details of the order.
The Order Table with the appropriate constraints is as shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`order` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`userId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
 `type` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`status` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`subTotal` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`itemDiscount` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`tax` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`shipping` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`total` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`promo` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`discount` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`grandTotal` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`createdAt` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`updatedAt` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`content` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
INDEX `idx_order_user` (`userId` ASC),
CONSTRAINT `fk_order_user`
FOREIGN KEY (`userId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`user` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION);
Address Table
This section provides the table to manage the address of either the user or the order.
The user address can be used to store the address associated with the user. The order
address can be used to store the delivery address for the home delivery orders. Below
mentioned is the description of all the columns of the Address Table.
Id The unique id to identify the address.
User Id The user id to identify the user associated with the address.
Order Id The order id to identify the order associated with the address.
First Name The first name of the user.
Middle Name The middle name of the user.
Last Name The last name of the user.
Mobile The mobile number of the user.
Email The email of the user.
Line 1 The first line to store address.
Line 2 The second line to store address.
City The city of the address.
Province The province of the address.
Country The country of the address.
Created At It stores the date and time at which the order is created.
Updated At It stores the date and time at which the order is updated.
The Address Table with the appropriate constraints is as shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`address` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`userId` BIGINT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`orderId` BIGINT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `firstName` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`middleName` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`lastName` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`mobile` VARCHAR(15) NULL,
`email` VARCHAR(50) NULL,
`line1` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`line2` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`city` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`province` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`country` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`createdAt` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`updatedAt` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
INDEX `idx_address_user` (`userId` ASC),
CONSTRAINT `fk_address_user`
FOREIGN KEY (`userId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`user` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION);

ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`address`

ADD INDEX `idx_address_order` (`orderId` ASC);
ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`address`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_address_order`
FOREIGN KEY (`orderId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`order` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION;
Item Table
In this section, we will design the Item Table to store the item details. The Item
represents the items stocked in the inventory and purchased from the suppliers. Below
mentioned is the description of all the columns of the Item Table.
Id The unique id to identify the item.
Product Id The product id to identify the product associated with the inventory item.
Brand Id The brand id to identify the brand associated with the inventory item.
Supplier Id The supplier id to identify the supplier associated with the inventory item.
Order Id The order id to identify the order associated with the inventory item.
Created By The user id to identify the user who added the inventory item.
Updated By The user id to identify the user who updated the inventory item.
Stock Keeping Unit The id to identify the item on stock.
Maximum Retail Price The printed price of the product associated with the item.
Discount The discount is given by the supplier.
Price The price at which the product was purchased.
Quantity The total quantity received at the inventory.
Sold The total quantity sold to the customers.
Available The quantity that is available on the stock.
Defective The total defective items either received at the inventory or returned by the customers
Created At It stores the date and time at which the order is created.
Updated At It stores the date and time at which the order is updated.
The Item Table with the appropriate constraints is as shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`item` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`productId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`brandId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`supplierId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`orderId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`sku` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
`mrp` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`discount` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`price` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`quantity` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`sold` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`available` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`defective` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`createdBy` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`updatedBy` BIGINT DEFAULT NULL,
`createdAt` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`updatedAt` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
INDEX `idx_item_product` (`productId` ASC),
CONSTRAINT `fk_item_product`
FOREIGN KEY (`productId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`product` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION);

ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`item`

ADD INDEX `idx_item_brand` (`brandId` ASC);
ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`item`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_item_brand`
FOREIGN KEY (`brandId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`brand` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION;

ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`item`

ADD INDEX `idx_item_user` (`supplierId` ASC);
ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`item`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_item_user`
FOREIGN KEY (`supplierId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`user` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
 ON UPDATE NO ACTION;

ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`item`

ADD INDEX `idx_item_order` (`orderId` ASC);
ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`item`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_item_order`
FOREIGN KEY (`orderId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`order` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION;
Order Item Table
This section provides the table to manage the order items purchased by the customers.
Below mentioned is the description of all the columns of the Order Item Table.
Id The unique id to identify the ordered item.
Product Id The product id to identify the product associated with the ordered item.
Item Id The item id to identify the item associated with the ordered item.
Order Id The order id to identify the order associated with the ordered item.
SKU The SKU of the product while purchasing it.
Price The price of the product while purchasing it.
Discount The discount of the product while purchasing it.
Quantity The quantity of the product selected by the user.
Created At It stores the date and time at which the ordered item is created.
Updated At It stores the date and time at which the ordered item is updated.
Content The column used to store the additional details of the ordered item.
The Order Item Table with the appropriate constraints is as shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`order_item` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`productId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`itemId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`orderId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`sku` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
`price` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`discount` FLOAT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`quantity` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`createdAt` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`updatedAt` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`content` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
INDEX `idx_order_item_product` (`productId` ASC),
CONSTRAINT `fk_order_item_product`
FOREIGN KEY (`productId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`product` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION);

ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`order_item`

ADD INDEX `idx_order_item_item` (`itemId` ASC);
ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`order_item`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_order_item_item`
FOREIGN KEY (`itemId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`item` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION;

ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`order_item`

ADD INDEX `idx_order_item_order` (`orderId` ASC);
ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`order_item`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_order_item_order`
FOREIGN KEY (`orderId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`order` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION;
Transaction Table
We also need a transaction table to track the order payments made by the buyer and for
bookkeeping. We can also use the same table to record the partial or full refund of the
order. Below mentioned is the description of all the columns of the Transaction Table.
Id The unique id to identify the transaction.
User Id The user id to identify the user associated with the transaction.
Order Id The order id to identify the order associated with the transaction.
Code The payment id provided by the payment gateway.
Type The type of order transaction can be either Credit or Debit.
Mode The mode of the order transaction can be Offline, Cash On Delivery, Cheque, Draft, Wired, and On
Status The status of the order transaction can be New, Cancelled, Failed, Pending, Declined, Rejected, and
Created At It stores the date and time at which the order transaction is created.
Updated At It stores the date and time at which the order transaction is updated.
Content The column used to store the additional details of the transaction.
The Transaction Table with the appropriate constraints is as shown below.
CREATE TABLE `inventory`.`transaction` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`userId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`orderId` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`code` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
`type` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`mode` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`status` SMALLINT(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`createdAt` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`updatedAt` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`content` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
INDEX `idx_transaction_user` (`userId` ASC),
CONSTRAINT `fk_transaction_user`
FOREIGN KEY (`userId`)
 REFERENCES `inventory`.`user` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION);

ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`transaction`

ADD INDEX `idx_transaction_order` (`orderId` ASC);
ALTER TABLE `inventory`.`transaction`
ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_transaction_order`
FOREIGN KEY (`orderId`)
REFERENCES `inventory`.`order` (`id`)
ON DELETE NO ACTION
ON UPDATE NO ACTION;
Summary
In this tutorial, we have discussed the database design of an Inventory Management
System to store the users and manage product inventory. It also provided the database
design to manage the purchase orders and customer orders.

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