Advanced Electromagnetic Theory 2023

Assignment-2

1. Show that,
a. For non-magnetic dielectrics

1 𝜀 ′′ 1
𝑘 = 𝜔√𝜇 [√𝜀 ′ (1 + 2
) − 𝑗 (1 − 2 )]
8𝑄 2√𝜀 ′ 8𝑄
′′ 𝑄≫1
𝜇 3 𝜀 5
𝜂 = √ ′ [1 − 2 + 𝑗 ′ (1 − 2 )]
𝜀 8𝑄 2𝜀 8𝑄 }
b. For non-magnetic conductors
𝜔𝜇𝜎 𝑄 𝑄
𝑘=√ [(1 + ) − 𝑗 (1 − )]
2 2 2
𝑄≪1
𝜔𝜇 𝑄 𝑄
𝜂 = √ [(1 + ) + 𝑗 (1 − )]
2𝜎 2 2 }
𝜔𝜀 ′
where, 𝑄 = 𝜎+𝜔𝜀′′

2. At large observation distances, the fields radiated by a satellite antenna that is

attempting to communicate with a submerged submarine is locally TEM (also assume
uniform plane wave), as shown in Fig.1.

Fig. 1.
Assume the incident electric field before it impinges on the water is 1 𝑚𝑉/𝑚 and the
submarine is directly below the satellite. Find at 1 MHz the:
a. Intensity of the reflected E-field
b. SWR created in air.
c. Incident and reflected power densities
d. Intensity if transmitted E-field
e. Intensity of the transmitted power density.
f. Depth 𝑑 (in meters) of the submarine where the intensity of the transmitted electric
field is 0.368 of its value immediately after it enters the water.
g. Depth (in meters) of the submarine so that the distance from the surface of the ocean
to the submarine is 20𝜆 (𝜆 in water).
h. Time (in seconds) it takes the wave to travel from the surface of the ocean to the
submarine at a depth of 100 m.
i. Ratio of velocity of the wave in water to that in air (𝑣/𝑣0 ).
3. Assume that 𝜖̂ = 𝜖 ′ − 𝑗𝜖 ′′ is an analytical function of 𝜔 and 𝜖 ′ and 𝜖 ′′ satisfy Cauchy-
Riemann equation.

Fig. 2.
Show that,

∞
2 𝑦𝜖 ′′ (𝑦)
𝜖 ′ (𝜔) = 𝜖𝑜 + ∫ 2 𝑑𝑦
𝜋 𝑦 − 𝜔2
0
∞
2 𝑦[𝜖 ′ (𝑦) − 𝜖𝑜 ]
𝜖 ′′ (𝜔) = − ∫ 𝑑𝑦
𝜋 𝑦2 − 𝜔2
0

4. (A) The magnetic flux density produced on its plane by a current-carrying circular loop
of radius 𝑎 = 0.1 m, placed on the 𝑥𝑦 plane at 𝑧 = 0, is given by
10−12
̂𝒛
𝓑=𝒂 cos(1500𝜋𝑡) Wb/m2
1+25𝜌
where 𝜌 is the radial distance in cylindrical coordinates. Find the:
(a) Total flux in the z direction passing through the loop.
(b) Electric field at any point 𝜌 within the loop.

(B) The instantaneous magnetic flux density in free space is given by

𝓑=𝒂 ̂𝒙 𝐵𝑥 cos(2𝑦) sin(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜋𝑧) + 𝒂 ̂𝒚 𝐵𝑦 cos(2𝑥) cos(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜋𝑧)
Where 𝐵𝑥 and 𝐵𝑦 are constants. Assuming there are no sources at the observation points
𝑥,𝑦, determine the electric displacement current density.

5. The time-harmonic complex field inside a source-free conducting pipe of rectangular

cross section (waveguide), shown in Fig.3 filled with free space, is given by
𝜋
𝑬=𝒂 ̂𝒚 𝐸0 sin ( 𝑥) 𝑒 −𝑗𝛽𝑧 𝑧 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑎, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑏
𝑎
𝜆 2 2𝜋
where 𝛽𝑧 = 𝛽0 √1 − (2𝑎0 ) , 𝐸0 is a constant, and 𝛽0 = = 𝜔√𝜇0 𝜖0 . For a section of
𝜆0
waveguide of length 𝑙 along the 𝑧 axis, determine the:
 Fig.3: Rectangular waveguide
(a) Corresponding complex magnetic field.
(b) Supplied complex power.
(c) Exiting complex power.
(d) Dissipated real power.
(e) Time-average magnetic energy.
(f) Time-average electric energy.

6. A Coaxial line resonator with inner and outer conductors at 𝑎 = 5 mm and 𝑏 = 20

mm, and with conducting plates at 𝑧 = 0 and 𝑧 = 𝑙, is filled with a dielectric with
𝜖𝑟 = 2.56, 𝜇𝑟 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜎 = 0. The instantaneous magnetic field intensity inside the
source-free dielectric medium is given by,
2 𝜋
̂𝜙 ( ) cos ( 𝑧) cos (4𝜋 × 108 𝑡)
H =𝒂 𝜌 𝑙

Find the following:

(a) Electric field intensity within the dielectric.
(b) Surface current density 𝑱𝒔 at the conductor surfaces at 𝜌 = 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜌 = 𝑏.
(c) Displacement current density 𝑱𝒅 at any point within the dielectric.
(d) Total displacement current flowing through the circumferential surface of the
resonator.

7. (a) Show that the volume density of power leaving a point is

p𝑓 = Re[p̂𝑓 + 𝛁 ∙ (𝐄 × 𝐇𝑒 𝑗2𝑤𝑡 )]
(b) Why is the relationship between p𝑓 and p̂𝑓 is different from that used to interpret
other complex quantities?
(c) Suppose a filament of z-directed electric current 𝐼 𝑖 = (5 + 2𝑗) A is impressed along
the z axis from 𝑧 = 0 to 𝑧 = 1. If 𝐄 = 𝐮𝐳 (2 + 3j) V/m, determine the complex
power and the time-average power supplied by this source.

8. (a) The fundamental units in electromagnetics can be considered to be meter, kilogram,

second and coulomb. Show that 1 volt, which is 1 watt/amp, has the dimension of
(kilogram meter2)/ (coulomb sec2).
 (b) From Maxwell’s equations, show that µ0 has the dimension of (second volt)/ (meter
amp), and hence, its dimension is (kilogram meter)/(coulomb2) in the more fundamental
units.
(c) If we assign the value of µ0 to be 4π instead of 4π × 10-7, what would be the value
of coulomb in this new assignment compared to the old unit? What would be the present
value of 1 volt and 1 ampere in this new assignment?

9. A uniform plane wave traveling in free space is incident normally upon a lossless
dielectric slab of thickness t, as shown in Fig. 4. Free space is found on the other side
of the slab. Derive expressions for the total reflection and transmission coefficients in
terms of the media constitutive electrical parameters and thickness of the slab.

Fig. 4.

10. (a) A small capacitor has a dc Capacitance of 300 picofarads when air-filled. When it
is oil-filled, it is found to have an impedance of (500 − j) ∗ 103 at 𝜔 = 106 . Determine
𝑦̂, 𝜖 ′ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜖′′ of the oil, neglecting conductor losses.

(b) Suppose we have a 10-megacycle field given by 𝐄 = 𝐮𝐱 5, 𝐇 = 𝐮𝐲 2, at some point

in a material having σ = 10−4 , ϵ̂ = (8 − j10−2 )ϵ0, and μ̂ = (14 − j)μ0 at the
operating frequency. Determine each type of induced current.

11. (A) A uniform plane wave is traveling inside the earth, which is assumed to be a perfect
dielectric infinite in extent. If the relative permittivity of the earth is 9, find, at a
frequency of 1 MHz, the:
(a) Phase velocity.
(b) Wave impedance.
(c) Intrinsic impedance.
(d) Wavelength of the wave inside the earth.

(B) The electric field of a 𝑓 = 10 𝐺𝐻𝑧 time harmonic uniform plane wave traveling in
a perfect dielectric medium is given by
̂𝒚 )𝑒 −600𝜋𝑧
̂𝒙 + 𝑗2𝒂
𝑬 = (𝒂
where z is in meters. Determine, assuming the permeability of the medium is the same
as that of free space, the:
(a) Wavelength of the wave (in meters).
 (b) Velocity of the wave (in meters/sec).
(c) Dielectric constant (relative permittivity) of the medium (dimensionless).
(d) Intrinsic impedance of the medium (in ohms).
(e) Wave impedance of the medium (in ohms).
(f) Vector magnetic field of the wave.
(g) Polarization of the wave (linear, circular, elliptical; AR; and sense of rotation).

12. (a) Show that the following set of equations written below,
𝜖
𝓌𝑒 = ℰ 2 = 𝜖𝐸𝑜2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝜔𝑡 − 𝑘𝑧)
2
𝜇 2
𝓌𝑚 = ℋ = 𝜖𝐸𝑜2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝜔𝑡 − 𝑘𝑧)
2
2
𝓢= 𝓔×𝓗 =𝒂 ̂𝒛 𝐸𝑜2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝜔𝑡 − 𝑘𝑧)
𝜂
𝐸𝑜2
𝐒 = 𝐄 × 𝐇 ∗ = 𝐚̂𝐳
𝜂
𝜕
Satisfy, 𝓅𝑠 = 𝓅𝑓 + 𝓅𝑑 + 𝜕𝑡 (𝓌𝑒 + 𝓌𝑚 )
(b) Show that the following set of equations written below,
𝜖
𝓌𝑒 = ℰ 2 = 𝜖𝐸𝑜2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑘𝑧 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡
2
𝜇 2
𝓌𝑚 = ℋ = 𝜖𝐸𝑜2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑘𝑧 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜔𝑡
2
𝐸𝑜2
𝓢 = 𝓔 × 𝓗 = −𝒂 ̂𝒛 sin 2𝑘𝑧 sin 2𝜔𝑡
2𝜂
∗
𝑗𝐸𝑜2
𝐒 = 𝐄 × 𝐇 = −𝐚̂𝐳 sin 2𝑘𝑧
2𝜂
𝜕
Satisfy, 𝓅𝑠 = 𝓅𝑓 + 𝓅𝑑 + 𝜕𝑡 (𝓌𝑒 + 𝓌𝑚 )
(c) Show that the following set of equations written below,
𝜖
𝓌𝑒 = ℰ 2 = 𝜖𝐸𝑜2
2
𝜇 2
𝓌𝑚 = ℋ = 𝜖𝐸𝑜2
2
2
𝓢=𝓔×𝓗=𝒂 ̂𝒛 𝐸𝑜2
𝜂
2
𝐒 = 𝐄 × 𝐇 ∗ = 𝐚̂𝐳 𝐸𝑜2
𝜂
𝜕
Satisfy, 𝓅𝑠 = 𝓅𝑓 + 𝓅𝑑 + 𝜕𝑡 (𝓌𝑒 + 𝓌𝑚 )
(d) Show that the following set of equations written below,
𝜖
𝓌𝑒 = ℰ 2 = 𝜖𝐸𝑜2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑘𝑧
2
𝜇 2
𝓌𝑚 = ℋ = 𝜖𝐸𝑜2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑘𝑧
2
𝓢=𝓔×𝓗=0
𝑗
𝐒 = 𝐄 × 𝐇 ∗ = −𝐚̂𝐳 𝐸𝑜2 sin 2𝑘𝑧
𝜂
𝜕
Satisfy, 𝓅𝑠 = 𝓅𝑓 + 𝓅𝑑 + (𝓌𝑒 + 𝓌𝑚 )
𝜕𝑡
13. (A) A dielectric slab of polystyrene (𝜖 = 2.56𝜀𝑜 , 𝜇 = 𝜇𝑜 ) of height 2ℎ is bounded
above and below by free space, as shown in Fig. 5. Assuming the electric field within
the slab is given by
𝓔=𝒂 ̂𝒚 5 + 10𝒂̂𝒛 cos(𝜔𝑡 − 𝛽𝑧)
Where 𝛽 = √𝜇𝑜 𝜖, determine the:
a. Corresponding magnetic field within the slab.
b. Electric and magnetic fields in free space right above and below the slab.

Fig. 5.

(B) A finite conductivity rectangular strip, shown in Fig. 6, is used to carry electric
current. Because of the strip’s lossy nature, the current is nonuniformly distributed over
the cross section of the strip. The current density on the upper and lower sides is given
by
𝓙=𝒂 ̂𝒛 104 cos(2𝜋 × 109 𝑡) 𝐴/𝑚2
and it rapidly decays in an exponential fashion from the lower side toward the center
by the factor 𝑒 −106𝑦 , or
6
𝓙=𝒂 ̂𝒛 104 𝑒 −10 𝑦 cos(2𝜋 × 109 𝑡) 𝐴/𝑚2
A similar decay is experienced by the current density from the upper side toward the
center. Assuming no variations of the current density with respect to x, determine the
total current flowing through the wire.

Fig. 6.

14. (A) A dielectric slab, shown in Fig. 7, exhibits an electric polarization vector of
𝑷=𝒂 ̂𝒚 2.762 × 10−11 𝐶/𝑚2
when it is subjected to an electric field of
𝑬 = 2𝒂 ̂𝒚 𝑉/𝑚
 Fig. 7.
Determine:
(a) The bound surface charge density 𝑞𝑠𝑝 in each of its six faces.
(b) The net bound charge 𝑄𝑝 associated with the slab.
(c) The volume bound charge density 𝑞𝑣𝑝 within the dielectric slab.
(d) The dielectric constant of the material.

(B) A spherical dielectric shell of Fig. 8 with inner and outer radii 𝑎 = 2 𝑐𝑚 and 𝑏 =
4 𝑐𝑚, respectively, exhibits an electric polarization vector of

31.87
̂𝒓
𝑷=𝒂 × 10−12 𝐶/𝑚2 , 𝑎 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 𝑏
𝑟2
when it subjected to an electric field of
0.45
𝑬=𝒂 ̂𝒓 2 𝑉/𝑚 , 𝑎≤𝑟≤𝑏
𝑟

Fig. 8.
Determine:
(a) The bound surface charge density 𝑞𝑠𝑝 in each of the surfaces.
(b) The net bound charge 𝑄𝑝 at the inner and outer surfaces.
(c) The volume bound charge density 𝑞𝑣𝑝 within the dielectric.
(d) The dielectric constant of the material.