TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 8

COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING

LESSON 5: TERMINATING AND CONNECTING ELECTRICAL
WIRING AND ELECTRONICS (TCEW)
ACTIVITY SHEET 1
Learning Competencies (Essential Competencies)
LO1. Plan and prepare for termination/ connection of electrical
wiring/electronics circuits
(TLE_IACSS9- 12PITD-IIg-h13)

Objectives
A. Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of
concepts and underlying principles in terminating and connecting
electrical wiring and electronics circuits.
B. Performance Standard: The learners shall be able to prepare
termination and connection of electrical wiring and electronic circuits.
C. Learning Objectives:
1. Check materials according to specifications and tasks.
2. Select appropriate tools and equipment according to task
requirements.
3. Follow planned task to ensure OSH guidelines and procedure
4. Prepare electrical wiring/electronic circuits correctly.

Let’s Recall (Review)

Direction. Identify some of the following tools, materials and
electronic equipment used in computer system servicing. Choose from the box
below.
A. Computer ESD tools, Diagnostic, Cleaning and Repair

Philips screwdriver Multitester/Multimeter Loop-back Adapter

Anti-static mat screws long-nose plier flat-head screwdriver
Compressed air Cable ties Anti-static wrist strap

1. 3. 5.
2. 4.

6. 8. 10.
 7. 9.
B. Network Cabling

LAN Tester RJ-45 UTP Cable

Wire cutter Wire stripper Crimping tool

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

Let’s Understand (Study the Concept)

Words to Remember:
 Ethernet – the most widely installed local area network (LAN) technology.
 LAN – Local Area Network, is a computer network that spans in relatively
small area. A LAN is confined to a single room, building or group of buildings,
however, one LAN can be connected to other LANs over any distance via
telephone lines and radio waves.
 Network - A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked
together.
 Cabling - is the set of wires made of either copper or glass that is used to
connect computers and other network components to enable them to
communicate, thus forming a network of computers.
 Network Cabling - the medium through which information usually moves from
one network device to another.
 Pin Out/Assignments – these terms are referring to the way the cables are
wired (which pin on one end is connected to which pin on the other end).
 CAT – short for category.
 Gbps – Giga bits per second, also stands for billions of bits per second and is
a measure of bandwidth on a digital data transmission medium such as
optical fiber.
 Mbps – Megabits per second, stands for millions of bits per second.
NETWORKING TOOLS, MATERIALS and EQUIPMENT

Network Tools

Crimping tool – This tool is designed for the connections of

the UTP cables with the connectors by cutting, stripping, and
deforming. It was developed as high-quality, low-cost
replacement for soldering process.

Krone Tool – a punch down tool used by telecommunication and

network technicians. It is used for inserting wires in insulation-
displacement connector.

Network Cable Tester – is a useful device that allows you to check

the continuity of the cable to figure out if the signal is strong enough
to get through to the network. This helps to eliminate cable
connectivity issues while troubleshooting the problems.

Wire Cutter - To cut the network cable of the

required length from the bundle, you can use any
standard wire cutter tool or can use a wire cutter
tool that is specially designed for the twisted-pair
cable.

Wire Stripper - This tool is used to remove the outer and inner jackets of the network
cable.

Network Materials:

Unshielded twisted pair - this is currently the most common and basic method of
cable construction, consisting of pairs of wires twisted together. There is no shielding,
instead the symmetrical twist in the wires create a balanced transmission line,
helping to reduce electrical noise

Unshielded twisted pair connector – the standard connector for UTP cabling is an
RJ-45 connector. A plastic connector that looks like a large telephone connector. RJ
stands for Registered Jack, implying that the connector follows a standard borrowed
from the telephone industry.

Network Hardware:

Computers need networking hardware in order to connect to each

other. Routers, hubs, switches and bridges are all pieces of networking equipment
that can perform slightly different tasks. A router can often incorporate hubs, switches
and wireless access within the same hardware.
A router can form a LAN by connecting devices within a building. It also makes it
possible to connect different networks together. Homes and businesses use a router
to connect to the internet.

A modem enables a computer to connect to the internet over a telephone line. A

modem converts digital signals from a computer to analogue signals that are then
sent down the telephone line and vice versa.

Hubs, bridges and switches allow multiple devices to connect to the router and
they transfer data to all devices on a network. A router is a more complex device that
usually includes the capability of hubs, bridges and switches.

 A hub broadcasts data to all devices on a network.

 A bridge is used to connect two separate LAN networks.
 A switch performs a similar role to a hub and a bridge but is more powerful. It
stores the MAC addresses of devices on a network and filters data packets to
see which devices have asked for them.

Types of Network Cabling

Network cable acts like a medium through which information travels from one network
device to the other. The type of cable selected for a network depends on the network’s
size, topology, and procedure. The various types of network cables act as the backbone
of the network infrastructure. It has four (4) types namely: coaxial, shielded twisted pair,
fiber optic and untwisted pair.

1. Coaxial Cable
This cable has a single copper conductor in the
middle. A plastic layer provides insulation between
the braided metal shield and center conductor.
The metal shield blocks outer interference from
motors, fluorescent lights, and other computers.
Coaxial cabling is extremely resistant to signal
obstruction though it is complex to install. It can
handle great cable lengths between network devices than the twisted pair cable. The
two types of coaxial cables are thin coaxial and thick coaxial.

2. Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable

It is a special kind of copper telephone wiring
used in business installations. An external shield
which functions as a ground is added to the
normal twisted pair telephone wires. Shielded
twisted pair may be the answer if you want to
place the cable in an area with potential
interference and risk to the electrical current in
 the UTP. Shielded cables can also help in expanding the distance between the
cables.
3. Fiber Optic Cable
Fiber optic cabling consists of a center glass
core surrounded by many layers of protective
materials. It removes the problem of electrical
obstruction by transmitting light rather than
electronic signals. This makes them perfect for
certain atmospheres which contain huge amount
of electrical interference. It has become the
standard for connecting networks between buildings because of its resistance to
lighting and moisture.

4. Unshielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable

It is the most admired type of network
cable in the world. UTP cable is used for
both conventional telephone and computer
networking.

The various wiring schemes for UTP are:

 CAT1 which is used for telephone wire. CAT2
supports speeds up to 4 Mbps and used frequently for token ring networks.
 CAT3 and CAT4 are both used for Token Ring networks for higher network speeds.
 CAT5 wire is now replaced by the CAT5e designs providing an enhanced crosstalk
specification allowing it to support speeds up to 1 Gbps. It is the most used network
cabling specification in the world.
 CAT6 support speeds of 1 Gbps for length up to 100 meters and 10 Gbps up to 55
meters. Organizations using CAT6 cabling should use a specialized cable analyzer to
request a complete test report, to ensure that the CAT6 guidelines and standards
have been followed during the installation.
 The CAT7 is a fresh copper cable pattern which can support speeds of 10Gbps and
length up to 100 meters.

TYPES OF ETHERNET CABLE

Ethernet cables can come into two forms when it comes to wiring:
1. Straight-through cable – refers to cable type that have the pin assignments on
each end of the cable identical (pin 1 on one end of the cable is connected to pin 1 of
the other end, pin 2 is connected to pin 2, etc.)
This type of cable is most commonly used to
connect a host to client like the following devices:
 computer to hub
 computer to switch
 router to hub
 router to switch
Note:
Computers and routers use wires 1 and 2 to transmit data and wires 3 and 6 to receive data.
Hubs and switches use wires 1 and 2 to receive data and wires 3 and 6 to send data. That is
why, if you want to connect two computers together, you will need a crossover cable.
2. Crossover cable - With the crossover cable,
the wire pairs are swapped, which means that
different pins are connected together – pin 1 on
one end of the cable is connected to pin 3 on the
other end, pin 2 on one end is connected to pin 6
on the other end.

This type of cable is used when you need to

connect two devices that use same wires to send
and receive data.

For example: Consider connecting two computers together. If you use straight-through cable,
with identical wiring in both ends, both computers will use wires 1 and 2 to send data. If
computer A sends some packets to computer B, computer A will send that data using wires 1
and 2. That will cause a problem because computers expect packets to be received on wires
3 and 6, and your network will not work properly. This is why you need to use a crossover
cable for such connections.

Let’s Apply
Direction. Match the tools from Column A with its use or function in Column
B. Write your answer on the separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
____ 1. Designed for the connections of the
UTP cables with the connectors by A. Bridges
cutting, stripping, and deforming.
____ 2. Used for inserting wires in insulation- B. Modem
displacement connector.
____ 3. Translates analog signal (telephone C. Crimping tool
line) to digital signal (computer) and
vice versa.
D. Wire stripper
____ 4. This hardware makes it possible to
connect different networks together. It
can form a LAN by connecting devices E. Wire cutter
within a building.
____ 5. It broadcasts data to all devices on a F. Hubs
network.
____ 6. This tool is used to remove the outer G. Routers
and inner jackets of the network cable.
____ 7. A useful device that allows you to check H. Network Cable Tester
the continuity of the cable.
____ 8. Stores the MAC addresses of devices on
I. UTP cable
a network and filters data packets to see
which devices have asked for them.
J. Punch down tool
____ 9. This create a balanced transmission line,
helping to reduce electrical noise
 ____10. This is used to connect two separate
LAN networks

Let’s Analyze

A. Direction. Name the type of network cabling.

B. Direction. What type of category of UTP cable were being described?

________ 1. It is used for telephone wire.

________ 2. It supports speeds up to 4 Mbps and used frequently for token ring
networks.
________ 3. It can support speeds of 10Gbps and length up to 100 meters.
________ 4. It supports speeds of 1 Gbps for length up to 100 meters and 10 Gbps
up to 55 meters.
________ 5. It is the most used network cabling specification in the world. Older
design of this is CAT5 UTP cable.

Let’s Try (Evaluation)

Direction. Read each statement carefully. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
____ 1. It is a group of two or more computer systems linked together.
a. Network b. Cabling c. Ethernet d. CAT
____ 2. These terms are referring to the way the cables are wired.
a. Pinout b. pinning c. pin assignment d. both a & c
____ 3. Gbps refers to _______ bits per second.
a. thousand b. million c. billions d. trillion
____ 4. It is confined to a single room, building or group of buildings.
a. Network b. LAN c. WAN d. MAN
____ 5. It is the medium through which information usually moves from one network
device to another.
a. Network b. Cabling c. Network Cabling d. None of the above

Let’s Create
Directions: Given the network materials, tools and equipment. Label and give the
function of each. You will be assessed using following criteria.

CRITERIA SCORE DESCRIPTOR

Identified 10 items 5 Excellent
Identified 7-9 items 4 Very Good
Identified 4-6 items 3 Good
Identified 1-3 items 2 Fair
Identified 0 items 0 Poor