Science 7

Science – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Module 18: Lunar Eclipse
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Rowena O. Roa, PhD
Editor: Rosalina B. Piamonte
Reviewer: Mylyn P. Gabriel
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division
Manuel A. Laguerta, EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 18
LUNAR ECLIPSE
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module 18 on LUNAR ECLIPSE!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module 18 on Lunar Eclipse.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material
while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and

skills that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the

lesson at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of

concepts and skills that you already know about a
previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to

perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in

the lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned

from the entire module.
 This module is designed and written to help you master the lesson on the
Lunar Eclipse. It has prepared to provide activities for reinforcement,
strengthening and enriching knowledge and skills. The skills in this module cover
all the most essential learning competencies in the list issued by the Department
of Education.

This module uses different and interesting approaches, strategies, and

techniques to further hone scientific understanding of the learners. This module
will focus solely on the Phases of the Moon.

At the end of the learning module, you are expected to:

1. Describe a lunar eclipse;

2. Illustrate a lunar eclipse ; and
3. Appreciate the importance of eclipse.

DIRECTION: Read carefully and choose the best best answer. Write the chosen
letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. A lunar eclipse occurs at which moon phase?
A. Full Moon
B. New moon
C. Crescent moon
D. Quarter moon
2. What is shown in the diagram?

A. Nebula
B. New Moon
C. Lunar Eclipse
D. Solar Eclipse
3. Since some light is filtered through Earth's atmosphere during a lunar
A. Blue
B. Orange
C. Red
D. Yellow
4. The position of the Earth, moon and Sun during a lunar eclipse is
A. Earth--Sun—Moon
B. Moon--Sun--Earth
C. Sun--Earth—Moon
D. Sun--Moon--Earth
5. When there is a lunar eclipse, we can expect ______________.
A. An earthquake
B. Birds to fall from the skies.
C. The world will come to a fiery end.
D. A solar eclipse 2 weeks before or after.
 In your previous lesson, you learned about Solar Eclipse.
Whether you see a partial or total solar eclipse depends on which part of th
e Moon’s shadow you are in.
The Moon’s
umbra is cone shaped and becomes smaller as it gets farther from the Moon
. if you were within the Moon’s umbra, you would not see any portion of the
Sunthe Sun would be completely blocked by the Moon, and you would expe
rience a total solar eclipse.
Let us have a simple activity to refresh your mind. Write True if the
statement is correct and write False if the statement is incorrect.
Write True if the statement is correct and write False if the statement
is incorrect.
1. Darkest inner part of the shadow cone called Umbra, where a total
eclipse can be viewed.
2. The larger outer lighter part of the shadow cone called Umbra, where a
partial eclipse can be viewed.
3. During a solar eclipse the Sun is blocked.
4. Solar eclipses occur during full moon.
5. You must wear your eclipse goggles at all times except during totality due
to safety reasons.

What is Lunar Eclipse?

Lunar Eclipses occur because our Moon travels through the Earth’s
shadow. This shadow, caused by the Sun, strikes the surface of the Moon.
Lunar eclipses don't occur every time the Moon is on the far side of the
Earth (New Moon position) because the Moon's orbit is slightly tilted by 5
degrees. Lunar eclipses happen about every eighteen months and are very
predictable.
When compared to solar eclipses, lunar eclipses are a rarer
phenomenon. However, due to the alignment almost everyone on the night
half of the Earth can see a lunar eclipse, so it is viewed by a much larger
population.
 A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's
shadow. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are exactly or
very closely aligned (in syzygy) with Earth between the other two, and only
on the night of a full moon. The type and length of a lunar eclipse depend on
the Moon's proximity to either node of its orbit.

Earth's shadow is the shadow that Earth itself casts through its
atmosphere and into outer space, toward the antisolar point. During
the twilight period (both early dusk and late dawn), the shadow's visible
fringe – sometimes called the dark segment or twilight wedge – appears as
a dark and diffuse band just above the horizon, most distinct when
the sky is clear.

How a total lunar eclipse works?

During a lunar eclipse, however, the Earth passes between the moon
and the sun, casting its shadow — known as the umbra — onto the moon.
During this event, it's not dangerous to look up at the moon.

Unlike the moon, Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air, which

refracts the sun's light in a way that makes the moon appear orange-red.
That's why lunar eclipses are also called blood moons.

A totally eclipsed Moon is sometimes called a blood moon due to its

reddish color, which is caused by Earth completely blocking direct sunlight
from reaching the Moon.

By volume, about 80% of Earth's atmosphere is made of nitrogen gas,

or N2, and most of the rest is oxygen gas, or O 2. Together, these gases take
white sunlight — a mix of all colors of the spectrum — and scatter around
blue and purple colors. Human eyes are much more sensitive to blue than
purples, which is why the sky looks blue and the sun yellow to us during
daylight hours.
 During a sunset or sunrise, sunlight reaching our eyes has passed
through a lot more atmospheric gas, and this effectively filters out the blues
and makes the light appear orange or even red.

A similar thing happens during a lunar eclipse. Earth's atmosphere

bends and focuses the sun's light into a glowing, cone-shaped shadow — the
umbra.

The red color is never quite the same from one lunar eclipse to the
next due to natural and human activities that affect Earth's atmosphere.

What is the Longest Lunar Eclipse in the Century?

Last July 27, 2018, the center of the lunar disk will swing a tiny bit
north of the shadow’s center, so this total lunar eclipse with a duration of 1
hour and 43 minutes will be a few minutes shy of the maximum duration
possible (1 hour and 47 minutes). Even so, this July 2018 total lunar eclipse
counts as a whopper, giving us the longest total lunar eclipse of the 21st
century.

The longest total lunar eclipses of the 20th and 21st centuries both
take place in July, which is of consequence. That’s because yearly, in early
July, the Earth swings out to aphelion – its farthest point from the sun for
the year.

At aphelion, the Earth’s dark umbral shadow reaches its maximum

length (and width) for the year. All else being equal (moon’s distance and
centrality of eclipse), the greater width of the Earth’s umbra in July means a
longer total lunar eclipse. Therefore, long-lasting total lunar eclipses tend to
take place in a Northern Hemisphere summer (or Southern Hemisphere
winter) because the umbra is wider at this time of year.
 During a total lunar eclipse, the moon always passes through Earth’s
very light penumbral shadow before and after its journey through the dark
umbra.

What are the types of Lunar Eclipse?

There are three types :

1.Total Eclipse
2.Partial Eclipse
3.Penumbra

Within the umbra, the central region, the planet totally shields
direct sunlight. In contrast, within the penumbra, the outer portion, the
sunlight is only partially blocked. (Neither the Sun, Moon, and Earth sizes
nor the distances between the bodies are to scale.)

A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through

Earth's penumbra. The penumbra causes a subtle dimming of the lunar
surface, which is only visible to the naked eye when about 70% of the
Moon's diameter has immersed into Earth's penumbra.

In a lunar eclipse, the Moon often passes through two regions

of Earth's shadow: an outer penumbra, where direct sunlight is dimmed,
and an inner umbra, where indirect and much dimmer sunlight refracted by
Earth's atmosphere shines on the Moon, leaving a reddish color. This can be
seen in different exposures of a partial lunar eclipse, for example here with
exposures of 1/80, 2/5, and 2 seconds.

A special type of penumbral eclipse is a total penumbral lunar eclipse,

during which the Moon lies exclusively within Earth's penumbra. Total
penumbral eclipses are rare, and when these occur, the portion of the Moon
closest to the umbra may appear slightly darker than the rest of the lunar
disk.

A partial lunar eclipse occurs when only a portion of the Moon enters
Earth's umbra, while a total lunar eclipse occurs when the entire Moon
enters the planet's umbra.
 The Moon's average orbital speed is about 1.03 km/s (2,300 mph), or
a little more than its diameter per hour, so totality may last up to nearly 107
minutes. Nevertheless, the total time between the first and the last contacts
of the Moon's limb with Earth's shadow is much longer and could last up to
236 minutes.

Let us do some activities for you to understand the Lunar Eclipse

more! These activities are designed for you. The materials are easy to find
and the procedures are easy to follow. You can also do these simple
activities at home with the help of any home companion.

Module 18 Activity 1. Entitled:

Entitled: “Draw Me”!
Me”
Use the pictures below to draw a Lunar Eclipse.

Guide Questions:
1. What happens during lunar eclipse?
2. When did lunar eclipse happens?
3. How does a lunar eclipse affect us?
4. Why do we need to study lunar eclipse?

Module 12 Activity 2 Entitled:

Entitled: “Match
“Match Me!”
Me ”
Match each picture with the correct term.
Column A Column B
 A. Penumbral
Lunar Eclipse
1.

B. Annular Lunar Eclipse

C. Partial Lunar Eclipse

D. Total Lunar Eclipse

Guide Questions:
1. What do you understand by an eclipse?
2. During lunar eclipse, the visible red color is because of _______.
A. Dust in space
B. Dust in moon’s atmosphere
C. Dust in earth’s atmosphere
D. None of the above
3. What do you mean by Blood Moon?
Congratulations for answering the questions well. Keep up the good work!

Let us summarize what you have learned about lunar eclipse, Use the terms
in the box to label the diagram of a lunar eclipse.
 Almost everyone on the night side of Earth can see a total eclipse of the
Moon. Because of this, most people have higher chances of seeing a total lunar
eclipse than a total solar eclipse, even though both occur at similar intervals.

To understand more about lunar eclipse do activity 3 entitled: “Color the Eclipse!”
Fill in the blanks using the word bank and then color in the diagram.

Congratulations! Keep up the good work!

Direction: Read carefully and understand each sentence then choose the best
answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Why do eclipses not occur with every new and full moon?
 A. The earth is tilted.
B. The moon's orbit is tilted.
C. The moon is too far from earth.
D. The moon doesn't always come in
between the sun and moon during new
moons.

2. What type of eclipse is being shown in the diagram?

A. Total solar eclipse

B. Total lunar eclipse
C. Partial solar eclipse
D. Partial lunar eclipse

3. Why does the moon turn red during a lunar eclipse?

A. The Moon absorbs the Sun's color.
B. The atmosphere acts like a filtered lens.
C. The eclipse causes the moon to reflect
the color of Mars
D. The Sun colored it with a crayon when
they eclipsed.

4. Why do we not have lunar eclipses every month?

A. The Moon rotates.
B. The Moon orbit is tilted around the Earth.
C. There is not a new or full Moon each month.
D. The Earth is tilted and so it is heated unevenly the Moon orbit is tilted around
the Earth.

5. Which statement explains how a lunar eclipse happens?

A. When Earth moves into the sun's shadow.

B. When Earth moves into the moon's shadow.
C. Then the sun moves into the Earth's shadow.
D. When the moon moves into the Earth's shadow.
Wrap - Up

References
Links:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:LunarEclipse
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:LunarEclipse#/media/File:LunarE
clipse .jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Constellations#/media/File: Lunar_
Eclipsed.jpg
https://earthsky.org/sky-archive/centurys-longest-lunar-eclipse-july-27
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3629491
http://www.astrosurf.com/re/eclipse_20170211.html
https://www.thoughtco.com/lunar-eclipse-and-the-blood-moon-4135955
Book:
Madriaga, Estellita A,PhD, et al, Science Link 8, Rex bookstore, 2017
Aquino, Marites D. , et al., Science Link 8, Rex Boolstore, 2013