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Similar Figures

1) Similar figures are those where corresponding sides or planes are proportional. 2) Regular polygons, circles, squares, equilateral triangles, and right circular cones can be similar depending on equal properties. 3) In similar figures, corresponding line segments, areas, and volumes have the same ratio as the lines, squares of lines, and cubes of lines respectively.

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June Elmar Mikhael Gasataya
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27 views

Similar Figures

1) Similar figures are those where corresponding sides or planes are proportional. 2) Regular polygons, circles, squares, equilateral triangles, and right circular cones can be similar depending on equal properties. 3) In similar figures, corresponding line segments, areas, and volumes have the same ratio as the lines, squares of lines, and cubes of lines respectively.

Uploaded by

June Elmar Mikhael Gasataya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Similar Figures

Two surfaces or solids are similar if any two corresponding sides or planes are

proportional.

Some Facts About Similar Figures

1. Regular polygons of the same kind are all similar.


2. All circles are similar.
3. All squares are similar.
4. All equilateral triangles are similar.
5. Two isosceles triangles are only similar if they have equal vertex angle.
6. Right circular cones are similar if they have equal vertex angle.
7. If the central angle of two circular sectors are equal, they are similar.

Formulas

• In similar figures of any kind, pairs of corresponding line segments such as x 1, x2 and y1,
y2 have the same ratio.
𝑥1 𝑦1
=
𝑥2 𝑦2

• The areas of similar surfaces A 1 and A2 have the same ratio as the squares of any two
corresponding lines x1 and x2.

𝐴1 𝑥12
=
𝐴2 𝑥22

• The volumes of similar solids V1 and V2 have the same ratio as the cubes of two
corresponding lines x1 and x2.

𝑉1 𝑥13
=
𝑉2 𝑥23
Example 1. A closed conical vessel has a base radius of 2 m and is 6 m high. When in
upright position, the depth of water in the vessel is 3 m. What is the volume of water? If
the vessel is held in inverted position, how deep is the water?

Solution:

First, solve for the volume of the cone


1
Vcone = πr2h
3
1
Vcone = π(2m)2 (6m)
3

Vcone = 25.124 m2
In upright position,
𝑉1 𝑥13
=
𝑉2 𝑥23
𝑉𝑎𝑖𝑟 (3𝑚)3
=
𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑒 (6𝑚)3
𝑉𝑎𝑖𝑟 27𝑚3
=
25.124 m2 216 𝑚3
27𝑚3 × 25.124 m2
Vair =
216 𝑚3
Vair = 3.1405 m3

To get the volume of water, we subtract the volume of air from the volume of cone
Vwater = Vcone− Vair
Vwater = 25.124 m2 - 3.1405 m3
Vwater = 21.9835 m3 → volume of water

In inverted position,
𝑉1 𝑥13
=
𝑉2 𝑥23
𝑉𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 ℎ3
=
𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑒 (6𝑚)3
21.9835 m2 ℎ3
=
25.124 m2 216 𝑚3
3 21.9835 m2 × 216 𝑚3
h= √
25.124 m2
h = 5.7388 m → depth of water in the cone

Example 2. Two similar cylinders are below. If the ratio of


the areas is 16:25, what is the height of the taller cylinder?

Solution:

First, we need to take the square root of the area ratio to find
16 4
the scale factor, √ = . Set up a proportion to find h.
25 5

𝐴1 𝑥12
=
𝐴2 𝑥22

16 242
=
25 ℎ2

242 ×25
h= √
16

h = 30 units → height of the taller cylinder

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