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Worksheet 2 - Probability

1. This document contains 13 probability word problems involving scenarios like drawing cards or rolling dice. The problems get progressively more complex, involving multiple events and conditional probabilities. 2. Many of the problems could be solved using tree diagrams to visually represent the sample space and possible outcomes. Drawing a tree diagram is generally easier than solving the probability questions algebraically and allows you to see all the possibilities at once. 3. The final question ties together many of the concepts in a scenario about a chicken crossing a road, with the probability of being hit by a car changing depending on the time. You must calculate the probabilities of various events occurring, such as the chicken waking up on time and crossing safely.

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Ahmed Khan
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48 views

Worksheet 2 - Probability

1. This document contains 13 probability word problems involving scenarios like drawing cards or rolling dice. The problems get progressively more complex, involving multiple events and conditional probabilities. 2. Many of the problems could be solved using tree diagrams to visually represent the sample space and possible outcomes. Drawing a tree diagram is generally easier than solving the probability questions algebraically and allows you to see all the possibilities at once. 3. The final question ties together many of the concepts in a scenario about a chicken crossing a road, with the probability of being hit by a car changing depending on the time. You must calculate the probabilities of various events occurring, such as the chicken waking up on time and crossing safely.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Worksheet 2 – Probability

1. A 2-digit number is chosen at random. Find the probability that the number is
a) less than 30. c) a perfect cube.
b) a perfect square. d) a multiple of 8.

2. A standard pack of playing-cards contains 52 cards in total, which are divided


into groups of 13 for each suits (Spade, Club, Diamond and Heart). A card is
taken out of the stack at random. Find the probability that the card chosen is
a) a clubs. e) a king.
b) a red card. f) a red 10.
c) a heart. g) a black jack.
d) a red card or a black card. h) a queen of diamonds.

3. Two cards are taken out of a stack of playing cards at random. Find the
probability that
a) the two cards are spades.
b) the two cards are both numbered 4.
c) the first card is a diamond, and the second is a clubs.
d) the cards are numbered.
e) the cards are lettered.
f) the first card is a 4 of hearts and the second card is an ace of spades.

4. A box contains x milk chocolates and y plain chocolates. Two chocolates are
selected at random. Find, in terms of x and y, the probability of choosing:
a) a milk chocolate on the first choice.
b) two milk chocolates.
c) one of each sort.
d) two plain chocolates.

5. A six-sided die is thrown three times. Draw a tree diagram, showing at each
branch the two events: ‘six’ and ‘not six’. What is the probability of throwing a
total of:
a) no sixes.
b) three sixes.
c) two sixes.
d) one six.

6. A bag contains 12 red marbles and 8 blue marbles. A marble is drawn at random
and not replaced. Two further draws are made, again without replacement. Find
the probability of drawing:
a) three red marbles. Draw a tree diagram
b) three blue marbles. using the above data. Do
c) a red marble, then a blue, then another blue. you think it is easier to
d) a blue marble, then a red, then a blue. solve the question with a
e) at least one red marble. tree diagram drawn?
f) at least one blue marble. Give a reason for your
answer.
7. A coin is biased such that the probability of a ‘head’ ¾. Find the probability that,
when tossed three times, it shows:
a) three tails. c)one head and two tails.
b) two heads and one tail. d) no tails.

8. The letters of the word ‘INDEPENDENT’ are written on individual cards and the
cards are put inside a box. A card is selected and then replaced and then a
second card is selected. Find the probability of obtaining:
a) the letter ‘P’ twice. c) the letter ‘E’ twice.
b) the letter ‘D’ twice. d) the letters ‘D’ and ‘T’ in any order.

9. A card is drawn from a pack of playing cards. Events X and Y are as follows:
X: ‘a King is drawn’ Y: ‘a Queen is drawn’
Find the following
a) p(X) b) p(Y) c) p(X or Y)

10. A card is drawn from a pack of playing cards, and a die is thrown. Events A and B
are as follows.
A: ‘a Jack is drawn from the pack’ B: ‘a three is thrown on the die’
Find the following
a) p(A) b) p(B) c) p(A and B)

11. A bag contains x green discs and 5 blue discs. A disc is selected and replaced.
Then a second disc is selected. Find, in terms of x, the probability of selecting:
a) a green disc on the first draw.
b) a green disc on the first and second draws.
Find the corresponding probabilities when the first disc is not replaced.

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12. A coin is biased so that it shows ‘Heads’ with a probability of . The same coin is
3
tossed 3 times. Find the probability of obtaining:
a) two tails on the first two tosses
b) a head, a tail and a head (in that order)
c) two heads and one tail (in any order)
Note that a tree diagram may help for the last part (c).

The one question to rule them all (probably!)


13. If a chicken crosses a certain road before 7:00 am, the probability of being run
1 3
over is . After 7:00am, the corresponding probability is . The probability of
10 4
4
the chicken waking up early enough to cross before 7:00 am is .
5
Work out the probabilities of the following events:
a) the chicken waking up too late to reach the road before 7:00 am.
b) the chicken waking up early and crossing the road in safety.
c) the chicken waking up late and crossing the road in safety.
d) the chicken waking up too late to reach the road before 7:00 am.
e) the chicken crossing the road in safety.
Why did the chicken cross the road? (Present your answer in the form of a joke)

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