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(Maa 2.2) Quadratics

1. This document contains practice questions about solving quadratic equations from the International Baccalaureate Mathematics: Analysis and Approaches curriculum. 2. The first question asks students to solve three quadratic equations by factorizing or using the quadratic formula. The second question involves finding the discriminant, roots, vertex and sketching the graphs of two related quadratic functions. 3. The third question asks students to complete a table with information about three quadratic functions such as their discriminants, roots, factorizations, vertices and solving related inequalities. The final question involves finding the roots and vertex of a given quadratic equation.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
111 views32 pages

(Maa 2.2) Quadratics

1. This document contains practice questions about solving quadratic equations from the International Baccalaureate Mathematics: Analysis and Approaches curriculum. 2. The first question asks students to solve three quadratic equations by factorizing or using the quadratic formula. The second question involves finding the discriminant, roots, vertex and sketching the graphs of two related quadratic functions. 3. The third question asks students to complete a table with information about three quadratic functions such as their discriminants, roots, factorizations, vertices and solving related inequalities. The final question involves finding the roots and vertex of a given quadratic equation.

Uploaded by

jijiki2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE

Mathematics: analysis and approaches

MAA

EXERCISES [MAA 2.2]


QUADRATICS
Compiled by Christos Nikolaidis

O. Practice questions

1. [Maximum mark: 10] [without GDC]


Solve the equations
(a) x2  3x  4  0 . [4]
(b) x 2  3x  0 . [3]
(c) x2  4  0 . [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

2. [Maximum mark: 15] [without GDC]


2 2
Let f ( x )  x  2 x  3 and g ( x )  2 x  4 x  6 [that is g ( x)  2 f ( x) ]
(a) Find the discriminant of f and hence solve the equation f ( x )  0 . [4]
(b) Find the discriminant of g and hence solve the equation g ( x )  0 . [4]
(c) Find the vertex of each function. [4]
(d) Sketch the graphs of the two functions on the same diagram. [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

3. [Maximum mark: 33] [with GDC]


Complete the following table for the three quadratic functions below

f ( x)  2 x 2  12 x  10 f ( x)  2 x 2  12 x  18 f ( x)  2 x 2  12 x  23

Discriminant

y -intercept

Roots

Factorisation
(if possible)

axis of
symmetry

Vertex

Vertex form
f ( x)  a ( x  h) 2  k

Solve
f ( x)  0

Solve
f ( x)  0

Solve
f ( x)  0

Solve
f ( x)  0

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

4. [Maximum mark: 12] [with GDC]


2
Consider the quadratic y  4 x  120 x  800
(a) (i) Find the roots.
(ii) Hence express the quadratic in the form y  a ( x  x1 )( x  x 2 ) [3]
(b) (i) Find the coordinates of the vertex.
2
(ii) Hence express the quadratic in the form y  a ( x  h)  k
(iii) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry
(iv) Write down the minimum value of y [5]
(c) Write down the y - intercept of the quadratic [1]
(d) Draw the graph of the quadratic on the diagram below. [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

5. [Maximum mark: 14] [with GDC]


2
Consider the quadratic y  4 x  120 x  800
(a) (i) Find the roots.
(ii) Hence express the quadratic in the form y  a ( x  x1 )( x  x 2 ) [3]
(b) (i) Find the coordinates of the vertex.
2
(ii) Hence express the quadratic in the form y  a ( x  h)  k
(iii) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry
(iv) Write down the maximum value of y [5]
(c) Write down the y - intercept of the quadratic [1]
(d) Draw the graph of the quadratic on each of the diagrams below. [5]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

6. [Maximum mark: 8] [without GDC]


The parabola of a quadratic y  f ( x ) is shown below.

The x -intercepts are x  2 and x  6 .


The y -intercept is y  12 . The curve passes through the point A(7,5).

(a) By using the symmetry of the graph


(i) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry.
(ii) Find the value of f (8) . Justify your answer.

(iii) Find the value of f (1) . Justify your answer. [5]

(b) Find the equation of the curve in the form f ( x )  ax 2  bx  c . [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

7*. [Maximum mark: 12] [with / without GDC]


2
Consider the quadratic y  x  3 x  4 .
(a) Find the points of intersection of its curve with each of the following lines.

(i) y  x 1 (ii) y  x (iii) y  x 1 [9]

(b) The graph of the quadratic is shown on the diagram below. On the same diagram
represent the results of question (a). [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

A. Exam style questions (SHORT)

8. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


2
(b) Solve the equation x  3 x  10  0 . [2]
2
(a) Factorize x  3 x  10 . [2]

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9. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]


The diagram represents the graph of the function f : x ֏ ( x  p )( x  q ) .
y

– 12 2 x

(a) Write down the values of p and q . [2]

(b) The function has a minimum value at the point C. Find the x -coordinate of C . [2]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

10. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


2
The following diagram shows part of the graph of f, where f ( x )  x  x  2 .

(a) Find both x -intercepts. [4]


(b) Find the x -coordinate of the vertex. [2]

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11. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]


The diagram shows the parabola y  (7  x )(1  x ) . The point B is the maximum point

and the points A, C are the x -intercepts. Find the coordinates of A, B and C.

A 0 C x

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

12. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]


2
The diagram shows part of the graph with equation y  x  px  q . The graph cuts
the x - axis at –2 and 3.
y

x
–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4
–2

–4

–6

Find the value of (i) p ; (ii) q .

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13. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


2
Let f ( x )  8 x  2 x . Part of the graph of f is shown below.

(a) Find the x -intercepts of the graph. [3]


(b) (i) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry.
(ii) Find the y -coordinate of the vertex. [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

14. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


2
The following diagram shows the graph of function y  ax  bx  c .
Complete the table next to the graph to show whether each expression is positive (+),
negative (–) or zero (0).

y Expression + – 0
x a
c
b2 – 4ac
b

2a
b

15. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


2
The following diagram shows the graph of function y  ax  bx  c .
Complete the table next to the graph to show whether each expression is positive (+),
negative (–) or zero (0).
Expression + – 0
a
c
b2 – 4ac
b

2a
b

16. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


2
The following diagram shows the graph of function y  ax  bx  c .
Complete the table next to the graph to show whether each expression is positive (+),
negative (–) or zero (0).

Expression + – 0
a
c
b2 – 4ac
b

2a
b

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

17. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


2
(a) Find the vertex of f ( x )  x  6 x  14 . [2]
2
(b) Express the function in the form f ( x )  ( x  h)  k . [2]

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18. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


2
Consider the function f ( x )  2 x  8 x  5 .
2
(a) Express f ( x) in the form a ( x  p )  q , where a, p, q  . [3]

(b) Find the minimum value of f ( x) . [1]

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19. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


2
(a) Find the vertex of f ( x )  2 x  2 x  2 . [2]
2
(b) Express the function in the form f ( x )  a ( x  h)  k . [2]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

20. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


2
(a) Find the vertex of f ( x )   x  x  1 . [2]
2
(b) Express the function in the form f ( x )  a ( x  h)  k . [2]

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21. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


Let f ( x )  p ( x  q )( x  r ) . Part of the graph of f is shown below.

The graph passes through the points (–2, 0), (0, –4) and (4, 0).
(a) Write down the value of q and of r . [2]
(b) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry. [1]
(c) Find the value of p . [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

22. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

2
The diagram shows part of the graph of the curve y  a ( x  h)  k , where a, h, k  .

20

15

10 P(5, 9)

0 x
1 2 3 4 5 6 .

(a) The vertex is at the point (3, 1). Write down the value of h and of k . [2]
(b) The point P (5, 9) is on the graph. Show that a  2 . [3]
2
(c) Hence show that the equation of the curve can be written as y  2 x  12 x  19 . [1]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

23. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


2
The function f ( x) is defined as f ( x )  ( x  h )  k . The diagram below shows part
of the graph of f ( x) . The maximum point on the curve is P (3, 2).
y
4
P(3, 2)
2

x
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6
–2

–4

–6

–8

–10

(a) Write down the value of (i) h (ii) k. [2]


(b) Write down the possible values of f ( x) . [2]
2
(c) Show that f ( x) can be written as f ( x)   x  6 x  7 . [1]

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24. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


The diagram shows part of the graph of y = a (x – h)2 + k. The graph has its vertex at P,
and passes through the point A with coordinates (1, 0).
y

P
2

A
–1 0 1 x
(a) Write down the value of (i) h (ii) k [2]
(b) Calculate the value of a. [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

25. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


The following diagram shows part of the graph of a quadratic function, with equation in
the form y = (x − p)(x − q), where p, q  .

(a) (i) Write down the value of p and of q


(ii) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry of the curve [3]

(b) Find the equation of the function in the form y = (x − h)2 + k, where h, k  . [3]

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26. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


Part of the graph of the function y = d (x −m)2 + p is given in the diagram below.
The x-intercepts are (1, 0) and (5, 0). The vertex is V(m, 2).

(a) Write down the value of (i) m (ii) p [3]


(b) Find d. [2]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

27. [Maximum mark: 8] [with / without GDC]


The equation of a curve may be written in the form y = a(x – p)(x – q). The curve
intersects the x-axis at A(–2, 0) and B(4, 0). The curve of y = f (x) is shown in the
diagram below.
y
4

A B
–4 –2 0 2 4 6x

–2

–4

–6
(a) Write down the value of p and of q. [2]
(b) Given that the point (6, 8) is on the curve, find the value of a. [2]

(c) Write the equation of the curve in the form y = ax2 + bx + c. [1]
(d) Write the equation of the curve in the form y = a (x − h)2 + k, where h, k  .. [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

28. [Maximum mark: 8] [without GDC]


The following diagram shows part of the graph of a quadratic function f.

The x-intercepts are at (–4, 0) and (6, 0) and the y-intercept is at (0, 240).
(a) Write down f (x) in the form f (x) = –10(x – p)(x – q). [2]
(b) Find another expression for f (x) in the form f (x) = –10(x – h)2 + k. [4]
(c) Show that f (x) can also be written in the form f (x) = 240 + 20x – 10x2. [2]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

29. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


Find the points of intersection between y  x 2  5 x  3 and y  3 x  9
and sketch a graph to demonstrate the result.

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30. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]

Find the point of intersection between y  x 2  5 x  3 and y  3 x  13


and sketch a graph to demonstrate the result.

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

31. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]

Find the points of intersection (if any) between y  x 2  5 x  3 and y  3 x  15


and sketch a graph to demonstrate the result.

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32. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]

Find the points of intersection (if any) between y  x 2  3 and y  5  x 2


and sketch a graph to demonstrate the result.

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

33*. [Maximum mark: 4] [with / without GDC]


2
The quadratic equation 4 x  4kx  9  0 , k  0 has exactly one solution for x .
Find the value of k .

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34*. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


2
The equation kx  3 x  1  0 has exactly one solution. Find the value of k .

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

35*. [Maximum mark: 7] [without GDC]


2
The quadratic equation kx  ( k  3) x  1  0 has two equal real roots.

(a) Find the possible values of k . [5]


2
(b) Write down the values of k for which x  ( k  3) x  k  0 has two equal real
roots. [2]

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36*. [Maximum mark: 7] [with GDC]


2
Consider f ( x )  2kx  4 x  1  0 , for k  0 . The equation f ( x )  0 has two equal
roots.
(a) Find the value of k . [5]
(b) The line y  p intersects the graph of f . Find all possible values of p . [2]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

37*. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


2
The equation x  2kx  1  0 has two distinct real roots. Find the set of all possible
values of k .

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38*. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


2
A family of functions is given by f ( x )  x  3 x  k , where k {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}.

Find the possible values of k if the curve of this function crosses the x -axis.

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

39*. [Maximum mark: 6] [with GDC]


The equation kx 2  3 x  ( k  2)  0 has two distinct real roots. Find the set of possible

values of k .

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40*. [Maximum mark: 6] [with GDC]


The function f is defined by f ( x )  x 2  2 x  k (3k  2) where k  ℝ . Find the set of

values of k for which f ( x )  0 has two distinct real roots.

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

41*. [Maximum mark: 6] [with GDC]


Consider the equation (1  2k ) x 2  10 x  k  2  0 , k  ℝ . Find the set of values of k
for which the equation has real roots.

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42*. [Maximum mark: 6] [with GDC]


The quadratic function Q is defined by Q ( x )  kx 2  ( k  3) x  ( k  8) , k  ℝ .
Determine the values of k for which Q ( x )  0 has no real roots.

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

43*. [Maximum mark: 6] [with / without GDC]


Given f ( x )  x  x(2  k )  k 2 , find the range of values of k for which f ( x )  0 for all
2

real values of x .

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44**. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]


Find the range of values of m such that for all x , m(x + 1) ≤ x2.

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

45*. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


For what values of m is the line y  mx  5 a tangent to the parabola y  4  x 2 ?

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46**. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]


The parabolas y  2 x  2 x  1 and y  x 2  m have only one common point (they are
2

tangent to each other). Find the value of m .

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

B. Exam style questions (LONG)

47. [Maximum mark: 12] [without GDC]


2
Let f ( x )  a ( x  4)  8 .

(a) Write down the coordinates of the vertex of the curve of f . [2]

(b) Given that f (7)  10 , find the value of a . [2]

(c) Hence find the y -intercept of the curve of f . [2]

(d) Find the x -intercepts of the curve of f . [4]

(e) Sketch the graph of the curve of f . [2]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

48*. [Maximum mark: 11] [with GDC]


Let f (x) = ax2 + bx + c where a, b and c are rational numbers.
(a) The point P(–4, 3) lies on the curve of f. Show that 16a –4b + c = 3. [2]
(b) The points Q(6, 3) and R(–2, –1) also lie on the curve of f. Write down two other
linear equations in a, b and c. [4]
(c) Hence find f (x). [2]
(d) Write f (x) in the form f (x) = a(x – h)2 + k, where a, h and k are rational numbers. [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

49*. [Maximum mark: 10] [with / without GDC]


2
Consider two different quadratic functions of the form f ( x )  4 x  qx  25 . The graph
of each function has its vertex on the x-axis.
(a) Find both values of q . [3]

(b) For the greater value of q , solve f ( x )  0 . [2]


(c) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the two graphs. [2]
(d) Sketch the graphs of the two functions on the same diagram. [3]

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[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

50*. [Maximum mark: 12] [without GDC]


2
Let f ( x)  3 x  x  4 .
(a) Find the values of m for which the line y  mx  1

(i) is a tangent to the graph of f .

(ii) meets the graph of f .

(iii) does not meet the graph of f . [6]


(b) For each value of m found in question (a)(i), find the common point of the two
graphs. [6]

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Page 31
[MAA 2.2] QUADRATICS

51**. [Maximum mark: 10] [with GDC]


Consider the graph G of the function f ( x)  x 2 and the point M(5,2) on the Cartesian
plane.
(a) Find the coordinates of a point A on G and a point B on x-axis, given that M is the
midpoint of the line segment [AB]. [5]
(b) Find the coordinates of a point C on G, given that the distance between M and C
is 23. [5]

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