Audio Video

Brief montage of special

“Throughout the history of effects and visual effect
cinema, the evolution of throughout movies
technology has given way to
new ways to create visual Add Subtitles wherever needed
effects leaving the uses of
special effects behind”.

“This document will research Show clips from

and detail the evolution of Star Wars the original
special and visual effects trilogy
and why and how they are used Lord of the rings, Fellowship
in modern day cinema”. of the ring behind the scenes
Ready Player One
“So why do companies in Etc.
cinema shift towards visual
effects over special effects.
Let’s start by asking what is
the difference between
special effects and visual
effects”.

“A Special effect is
something like a practical
effect that can be filmed in
camera like a puppet or an
explosion and a visual effect Show examples of special and
is a digital or optical visual effects
effects added to the film in Use behind the scenes footage
post-production”. from sources to give examples

So now that we know the

difference lets go to where
it started with the first Mabey do a clock rewind
special effect all the way animation to show going back
back in 1857. intime

The first person to create a

special effect was Oscar
Rejlander in 1857. He created
the world's first special
effect image by combining Show photo of person(s) or
different sections of 32 show example of the work he
negatives into a single produced
image, making a montaged
combination print but the
first person to ever use
special effect in a film was
Alfred Clark In 1895. While
filming a re-enactment of the
beheading of Mary, Queen of Show photo of person(s) or
Scots, Clark instructed show example of the work he
an actor to step up to the produced
block in Mary's costume. As
the executioner brought the
axe above his head, Clark
stopped the camera, had all
of the actor’s freeze, and
had the person playing Mary
step off the set. He placed a Mabey do a small animation
Mary dummy in the actor's depicting how the special
place, restarted filming, and effects worked
allowed the executioner to
bring the axe down, severing
the dummy's head. Special
effects have come long way
since 1895 moving on to the
late 70’s with films like
Star Wars that used tons of
special effects to make their Show examples of special
space fantasy journey come to effects from 1970-1980
life. And as time went on - Westworld
special effects where - Star wars
commonly used until the rise - Back to the future
of computer-generated images
in the early 2000’s. When Toy
Story released in 1996 it was show example of special and
a big breakthrough in CGI and visual effects from 1980s-
visual effects companies 2000s
started to focus making their
movies with VFX and CGI.

So why did films and tv shows

use so much Visual effects show clips of technology or
instead of special effects how and what they used to
well mainly because it is make special effects and
easier and takes less effort. visual effects.
With special affects you have
to spend time and effort
designing and building
models, sets, puppets,
prosthetics when now a days
most of this can be
replicated on a computer.
The most commonly used visual
effects is compositing.
Compositing is the process or
technique of combining visual
elements from separate
sources into single images,
often to create the illusion
that all those elements are
parts of the same scene. ".
Compositing is done after
filming in post-production.
Live-action shooting for
compositing is variously
called "chroma key", "blue
screen", "green screen”.
Techniques used in special
effects can be recreated in
computers.
Techniques such as matte
painting, matte painting is a
technique about painting
representations of a
landscapes, sets, or distant Show examples of matte
locations that allows painting in films and show
filmmakers to create the how its done.
illusion of an environment
that is not present at the
filming location. Matte
painting was used in films
like Star Wars and Blade
Runner (1982) but matte
painting isn’t need really
needed anymore because of
advancements in green screen
and chroma key technology.
Although technology has Show Christopher Nolan’s work
advanced some directors still The dark knight,
use primarily special effects interstellar, inception,
like Christopher Nolan’s tenet, Oppenheimer.
films. Like how his movie
Tenet, the plane crash scene
was not CGI. so why does he
use special effects instead
of visual effects.
-cut to interview answers-

CGI can create the impossible Show examples of cgi from

when it comes to visual various modern films and how
effects landscapes, cities its done
and more that you wouldn’t be
able to see in real life. So
how has the use of CGI
evolved through cinema
history. The first feature
film to make use of CGI with
live action in the storyline
of the film was the 1973 film Show examples of westword cgi
Westworld where they used
digital image processing to
process the picture
photography to appear
pixelized to portray the
Gunslinger android's point of Show toy story clips and
view. But the first behind the scenes of the
breakthrough was Disney pixar image computer
Pixar’s Toy story. Pixar
created the Pixar Image
Computer, a computer with the
capability to create a full
CGI feature length film this
paved the way for Disney and
Pixar movies in the future.
So with CGI swiftly entering
the movie industry company’s Show clips from the mummy
began to use CGI in returns and Tm’s spider man 1
blockbuster movies but some
movies didn’t end up with
good results where as other
films managed to do it
better.

CGI can also be used to

create non-human beings by
using motion tracking.
Motion capture (mocap) is the
process of recording the
movement of objects or people
and is used in lots of films
to accurately capture
movements of Humans so they
then it can be used to make
CGI characters movie around Gollum - the hobbit/lotr
as if they were human. The Thanos - MCU
first component of motion Caesar — Rise of the Planet
capture is a mocap suit. A of the Apes
mocap suit captures the body
movements of an actor. A
mocap suit has various
sensors (typically 15-20)
that track gravitational pull
and rotation to fully capture
movement.
All of this motion data is
then digitally transmitted to
a software to capture the
motion in real time.
Secondly using a head mounted
camera which can an actor’s
face. Emotional details in
the subtle ways an actor's
lip quivers or eyes shift are
all captured and translated
to a CGI character.

So how did they do non-Human

characters in films before
CGI, Well they used
Prosthetic make-up. Fishmen – one piece
Prosthetic make-up is the Voldemort - harry potter
prosses of adding make- up Mystique – X-men
and moulds to people’s faces
to completely change the way
they look.
The art of film makeup really
began to take off with the
popularity of monster movies
in the early 1930s. Jack
Pierce was one of the leading Show “jack pierce” and his
makeup innovators of this work
time and collaborated with Frankenstein and the mummy
Central Casting alum Boris
Karloff in films like
Frankenstein and The Mummy.

But just because of

advancements in CGI doesn’t
mean that films stopped using
prosthetic make up. In fact, Show the behind the scenes to
Guardians of the Galaxy 3 guardians of the galaxy 3 and
uses prosthetic make up for a the high evolutionary.
few of its characters instead
of CGI. So its up to the
director or the production
team to decide what they want
to do.

Films and tv shows can use a

blend of special effects and
visual effects to create a
fabulous film. My favourite
example of this is ready
player one This film has a
good use of special and
visual effect shots. It has
good use of motion capture
and composting for the video
game side of the film and it
has special effects like
explosions and Set designs Show clips from ready player
for the Real-life side of the one. In game and real life
film. comparisons
This shows how using a best
of both worlds, special and
visual effects,

so I hope this document has

helped your understanding of
how special effects and
visual effects have evolved
throughout the history of
cinema.