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RD and SQL Summary Sheet

Relational databases use multiple tables linked together through primary and foreign keys to store data. A table contains records made up of related fields. Structured Query Language (SQL) is used to query and manipulate the data. SQL commands like SELECT, FROM, WHERE are used to retrieve data. Other commands like INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE are used to manage the data. Database relationships define how the tables are linked together to represent real world entities and relationships.

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18 views

RD and SQL Summary Sheet

Relational databases use multiple tables linked together through primary and foreign keys to store data. A table contains records made up of related fields. Structured Query Language (SQL) is used to query and manipulate the data. SQL commands like SELECT, FROM, WHERE are used to retrieve data. Other commands like INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE are used to manage the data. Database relationships define how the tables are linked together to represent real world entities and relationships.

Uploaded by

paritamehta2804
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database - structured and persistent collection of data Relational databases - Field - A single type of data from a database table

- Relational database - more than one table linked


- Single table/flat file database together Record - A set of related fields on a single entity within a database
- makes processing more efficient - eliminate data table
- reduces storage requirements inconsistencies
- avoid redundancy - avoid data redundancy Table - A complete set of related record on the same topic/subject

Primary Key - A field that uniquely identifies a record in a table


Structure Query Language - Flat File Databases -
SELECT - list of fields to be displayed - only one table Foreign Key - Links tables together with a relationship. Becomes the
FROM - list of the table or tables - difficult to query primary key of a new table
where the data will come from - mainly used for small data sets
WHERE - list of search criteria - data is often duplicated (data redundancy)
ORDER BY ASC <field> - ascending - compromise data integrity (not consistent)
SYMBOL MEANING EXAMPLE
order - suffers from inconsistencies between records
ORDER BY DESC <field> - = Equal to Type = ‘dog’
descending order
Insert - > Greater than cost > 3000.00
- add new records, full, or partial, into a
database < Less than Distance < 2.5
INSERT INTO <table name> (<field1>,<field2>)
VALUES (<value1>,<value2>) <> Not equal to Type <> ‘dog’

>= Greater than or equal to DateOfBirth >=


#01/01/2019#
Update -
- update existing records <= Less than or equal to DateOfBirth <=
UPDATE <table name> #31/12/2018#
SET <field name> = <value>, <...> = <...>
WHERE <field name> = <condition> IN Equal to a value within a set of Type IN (‘dog’ , ‘cat’ ,
values ‘rabbit’)

Delete - BETWEEN . Within a range, including the two DateOfBirth BETWEEN


- delete records .. AND values which de ne the limits #01/01/2018# AND
DELETE FROM <table name> #31/12/2019#
WHERE <field name> = <condition>
IS NULL Field does not contain a value DateOfBirth IS NULL
Database Relationships -
AND Both expressions must be true for Type = ‘dog’ AND
the expression to be judged true gender = ‘M’

OR If either or both expressions are Type = ‘dog’ OR Type =


true, the expression is judged true ‘rabbit’

NOT Inverts truth Type NOT IN (‘dog’ ,


‘cat’)
fi

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