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Lecture 01 - Introduction To Steel Structures

The document discusses the design of steel structures. It introduces steel structures and their construction techniques. It outlines the advantages of steel, such as high load capacity and fast construction, and disadvantages like cost and fire resistance. The document also covers steel properties, types of steel sections, and applications of steel structures in buildings, bridges, stadiums and more.

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hala111
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
73 views

Lecture 01 - Introduction To Steel Structures

The document discusses the design of steel structures. It introduces steel structures and their construction techniques. It outlines the advantages of steel, such as high load capacity and fast construction, and disadvantages like cost and fire resistance. The document also covers steel properties, types of steel sections, and applications of steel structures in buildings, bridges, stadiums and more.

Uploaded by

hala111
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES

Introduction

Mohamed Salem, Ph.D.


Helwan University
Faculty of Fine Arts
Department of Architectural Engineering
Introduction to Steel Structures
2

➢ Understand the construction techniques


and material.

➢ Understand the Pros and Cons of Steel


Structures.

➢ Application of Steel Structures.


Construction techniques and material
3

➢ Reinforced Concrete.

➢ Steel Structures.

➢ Blocks or Stone.

➢ Timber.
Advantage of Steel
4

➢ High load carrying capacity.

➢ Well defined and predictable behavior.

➢ Fast construction.
Disadvantage of Steel
5

➢ Cost.

➢ Fire resistance.

➢ Corrosion.

➢ Fatigue.

➢ Frequent Maintenance Requirements.


Course Aims to Teach
6

➢ The properties of structural steel.

➢ Standard and built-up steel profiles.

➢ The basic design theory of structural steel elements.

➢ Steel elements and their functionality within the


structure.

➢ Structural steel connections and their basic design


theory.
Specific Learning Outcomes
7

➢ Understand the common structural steel elements and their


functionality.
➢ Calculate the applied loads on buildings, including DL, LL, and
WL.
➢ Determine the straining actions induced on structural elements.
(Based on the student’s background of Structural Analysis).
➢ Evaluate structural steel element’s size and profile using basic
design theories.
➢ Evaluate connection size and configuration using basic design
strategies.
Format and Procedure
8

➢ PowerPoint presentations.

➢ PDF handouts.

➢ Attending all lectures is essential.


Course Requirements and Grades
9

➢ Assignments and Homework. 10 %

➢ In Class Quizzes. 10 %

➢ Midterm Exam(s). 20 %

➢ Final Exam. 60 %
Course Requirements and Grades
10

➢ Late assignments will never be accepted


unless serious evidence is presented.
➢ Quiz times may or may not be announced
➢ Under no circumstance, Quizzes can be retaken.
➢ Half of the quiz grade is given to the attendance.
➢ All quizzes and exams, including the final exam,
are Open Book and Notes
Course Outline
11

1. Introduction to steel structures.


2. Properties of plane areas.
3. Loads on buildings and structures.
4. Layout of steel structures.
5. Design of tension members.
6. Design of compression members.
7. Bolted shear connections.
8. Structural welding.
9. Design of steel beams.
10. Design of beam-columns.
11. Steel column base.
12. Design of braces.
Applications of Steel Structures
12

Cover (Ceiling) for large spans


Applications of Steel Structures
13

Industrial buildings
Applications of Steel Structures
14

Aesthetics and Cosmetic Applications


Applications of Steel Structures
15

Large span bridges


Applications of Steel Structures
16

Complicated and Challenging Projects


Applications of Steel Structures
17

Stadiums
Applications of Steel Structures
18

Large halls and Airports


Applications of Steel Structures
19

Repair and retrofit of existing structures


Hot Rolled Steel Sections
20

Hollow Box, Steel Plate,


I-Beams or H-Beam Channel, C, or U
Angle, or L or H.S.S. or PL
Hot Rolled Steel Sections
21

Steel Plates Steel Pipes


Cold formed Steel Sections
22

S-Section

Z-Sections C-Section
Roof and Wall Cladding
24

Corrugated Sheets
Roof and Wall Cladding
25

Sandwich Panels
Steel Properties
26

 Tensile experiment is used to define the stress-


strain curve of steel
Testing Machine

Test Specimen

Strain
Gauge
Steel Properties
27

 The tension force is applied gradually during


the experiment
 The stress applied to the test specimen is
calculated by:

Applied Force
Force
Stress =
Area Cross sectional area of
the specimen
Steel Properties
28

 The corresponding strain is


measured by a strain gauge

Change in length
L
Strain =
L0 Original length

 The stress-strain curve is


developed by plotting the
obtained stress and strain data
Steel Properties
29

 The stress-strain curve for steel specimen


typically looks like the following figure

Fu

Fy
Steel Properties
31

 Mechanical Properties:

Property Average Value


Modulus of Elasticity, E 210,000 N/mm2 (2100 t/cm2)
Shear Modulus, G G = E / [2(1+n)]
Poisson’s ratio, n 0.3
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, a 12 x 10-6/oC
Density, g 7.85 t/m3
Steel Properties
32

 Yield and Tensile Strength:

Steel Tensile Strength, fu (t/cm2)


Yield Strength, fy (t/cm2)
Grade Also called Ultimate Strength
St 37 2.4 3.6
St 44 2.8 4.4
St 52 3.6 5.2
Steel versus Concrete
33

Item Steel Concrete


Span range Larger -
Own weight of structure Lighter -
Ease of construction - -
Construction time Faster -
Durability - More
Maintenance Needed Less needed
Fire resistance Less -
Ductility Higher -

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