ABSTRACT: -

The trend of flat and simple ceilings have fallen wayside. Because people nowadays are eyeing on
products that make the typical flat ceiling look attractive but with minimal costing.

So with the recent surge of false ceiling it has become easier for people to embellish the beauty of any
space whether it be an office, commercial complex, residential complex or theatres.

Interior design is the discipline dealing with the principles of design and construction and ornamentation
of fine buildings.

False ceiling is one of the important interior design aspect for houses, offices, restaurants etc.

In the present project false ceiling techniques are discussed and design of false ceiling is done using
AUTOCAD 2D

Effective building design requires balancing multiple objectives: acoustics, environmental factors, and
integration with the building's infrastructure hence there arises a need for false ceilings for better
acoustics, aesthetics, ambience, lighting, covering service lines and for better environmental impacts.
INTRODUCTION TO FALSE CEILING:-
History of false ceiling started when Dropped ceilings were firstly used in Japan for the purpose of
aesthetics in Muromachi period (1337 to 1573) later black friars theatre in London, England, built in
1596, had dropped ceilings to aid acoustics. On 24th October 1950 Remmen and Bibb designed first
fully developed grid system concept.

In simple terms, a false ceiling is a fitted ceiling that hangs below the original ceiling of a room or
home. It's usually suspended by wooden or metal frames.

It improves aesthetical appearance (form, color, treatment etc.) & proportions by managing room
heights basically and remaining are as follows

Hides ducting & reduces the volume of room Ugly structural members like beams, etc that usually spoil
the 'look' of the room are concealed.

Provides insulation from heat.

Acoustical improvement.

As a design element to create various shapes and curves.

Fire safety is always a factor in several industrial buildings, ceiling tiles made from mineral fibres or
fire-rated wood panels can be used within the construction to meet acceptable standards and ratings.

OBJECTIVE:-
▪ To study about the different types of false ceilings availablE.
▪ To understand the characteristics of each type of ceiling materials
▪ To draw false ceiling design using AUTOCAD 2D.

TYPES OF FALSE CEILING:-

Exposed Grid:-

A system where the grid is visible and into which panels are laid. The grid is finished in colours to contrast
with the panels is known as exposed grid type ceiling.
Concealed grid:-

cealed grid systems use the acoustical tiles to hide the grid system from view. This creates a smooth, clean
which is aesthetically pleasing. The tile used has a small groove built into it's perimeter, which slides over
the mains and tees to cover them. Various metal and a few kinds of pop ceilings come under this categeory.

TYPES OF MATERIAL USED:-

Depending on the place of usage, ambience needed and economy available. The most commonly used
false ceiling materials are

1. Gypsum boards
2. Plaster of paris (POP)
3. Metal (alumunium, Asbestos)
4. Mineral wool board
5. Poly vinyl chloride (PVC)
6. UPVC
7. Wood
8. Polystyrene
9. Glass
10. Acrylic
AUTOCAD 2D :-
Launching AutoCAD from operating System:-
• Click on Start.
• Go to Programs
• Go to Auto Desk
• Go to Auto CAD 2012- English
• Click on Auto CAD 2012- English.
Using your pointing device:-
One of the key means of controlling commands & inputting information into your
drawing file will be by using your mouse.
Using three button mouse:-
• Left button: data / accept – used to select command & enter points.
• Middle button: It is used as Pan and scroll zooming
• Right button: Reset / reject / repeat last command – used to end a command or to
display
o a small pull down menu or to repeat last command.
• Using the Key boards.
• Typing Command name is “command line”. Can run all the commands in auto CAD.
• Enter button and Space bar can be used to accept a command or repeat last command.
• The Function Keys can be used as toggle buttons to switch ON/ OFF for some of
functions. The Important ones are
Function key Function:-
F1 Help on
F2 Toggle text windows
F3 Toggle object snap setting
F4 3D o snap on/off
F5 Isoplane Top / Left/ Right
F6 Dynamic UCS off/ on
F7 Toggle Grid points
F8 Ortho on/off
F9 Toggle Snap on/off
F10 Toggle Polar on
F11 Object snap tracking off
F12 Dynamic on/off
User coordinate system:-
You can enter pts directly on the command line using 3 different systems. The one you
use is depend on which is more applicable for the situation. The first assignment will get you
used to this the 3 systems are as follows.
a. Absolute Coordinate system (x, y)
b. Relative rectangular Coordinate system @ (x, y)
c. Relative Polar Coordinate system : You would use this System if you know that you
want to draw a line a certain distance at a _ Lar Angle. We would enter this as at D
<
A. In This case D is the distance and A is the angle.
Example: At 10 Angle 900 ( 10 < 90)
Creating a new AutoCAD file:-
Go to file menu
Select new & Click on drawing
Then select template in that selects ACAD and then click on open.

Command in AutoCAD to DRAW, MODIFY and DIMENSION:-

Before going to
start draw any drawing must set Units, Limits & Grid.
Unit limits:
Command : units (enter)
Type Decimal
Millimeters
Click on ok
Limits:
Command: limits (enter)
Specify lower left corner – ( 0, 0)
Specify upper right corner ( 100, 100)
Grid on:
Click on F7
Zoom Command:
Command : Z enter
Options: ( All / center/ dynamic/ extents. Previous/ scale/ window/ object) (
real Time)
Line command:-
Command: L (enter)
Using absolute ordinate system
L (enter)
(0,0) enter
( 100, 0) enter
(100, 00) enter
( 10, 100) enter
Using relative rectangular coordinate system
L (enter)
(0,0) enter
@100,0
@0,100
@-100,0
C enter
Using relative polar Coordinate System:
L enter
Click on screen
@ 100 < 0 enter
@ 100< 90 enter
@ 100 < 180 enter
Construction Line:-
Command: XL enter
XLINE Specify a point or [ Hor/ ver/ Ang/ Bisect/ offset ] : h
Polyline:-
Command: PL (enter)
Specify Start point:
Specify next point (or) [ Arc/ Half width/ length/ undo/ width] : click on screen
For arc in the polyline enter option ‘A’
Polygon:-
Command: POL (enter)
Polygon enter no. of sides : 5 (enter)
Specify center of polygon or edge : Click on Screen
Enter an option [Inscribed circle/ circumscribed about circle] {I}:C
Circle:-
Command: C (enter)
Circle Specify center pt for circle or [ 3p / 2p/ Ttr]: click on screen
Specify radius of circle : 50 (enter)
second click
Rectangle:-
Rec (enter)
Specify 1st Corner pt: click on Screen first pt
Specify 2nd
Corner pt: click on Screen second pt
Option for specifying other corner points
Using dimension option
Specify other corner pt: [Area/ dimension]: D (enter)
Specify length: 100 (enter)
Specify width : 50 ( enter)
Click on screen
Using Area option
A (enter)
Enter area of rectangle : 100
L (enter)
10 (enter)
Arc:-
Command : Arc (enter)
Specify 1st pt: click on screen
Specify 2nd pt.: click on screen
Specify end pt.: click on screen
Revision cloud:-
Command : Revcloud(enter)
Specify start pt. or [arc/length/object/ style]
s (enter)
Spline:-
Command : Spl (enter)
Click on screen
Ellipse:-
Command : El(enter)
Click on screen (3pts)
Ellipse Arc:-
Command : El (enter)
A (enter)
Click on screen (3pts)
Hatch:-
Command :h (enter)
Scale – 50 (properties)
Click on pick pts.
Click on rectangle
Command :H (enter)
Scale – 0.5
Pick pts
Click on rectangle
Point & Point style:-
6. Points are very simple objects and the process of creating them is very simple.
7. Points are rarely used as drawing components although there is no reason why they
could not be.
For Example: Points are automatically created when you measure and divide commands and
to
set act distance along lines
Point:-
V Command: po (enter)
Click on Screen
Multi Line commands
__ command: mline (enter)
__ Click on Screen
Multiline Style Commands:-
Go to format menu
Select multiline style and click
Keyboard: ML style.
Object snap:-
command: OS (enter)
Select the required node otherwise (select all)
Text :-
Command: t (enter)
Specify two corners
Enter the text
Click on ok
Copy:-
Command : co (or) cp (enter)
Select the Object (enter)
Select the base point and place the point
Mirror:-
Command: mi (enter)
Select the object (enter)
Specify the first pt. of mirror line
Specify the second pt. of mirror line
Erase the source object (yes/No) <N>
Offset:-
Command: O (enter)
Enter the offset distance:
example: 10 (enter)
Select the object and direct the offset
Rectangular Array:-
Command: ar (enter)
Select Tick The rectangular array
Enter the no of rows
Enter the no of columns
Click on the selected objects button
Polar array:-
Command: ar (enter)
Tick polar array
Select the objects
Enter the total no of items
Specify the angle
Specify the center point
Move:-
Command: m (enter)
Select the object
Specify the base point
Click wherever required
Rotate:-
Command: ro (enter)
Select the object (enter)
Specify the base point
Enter the angle
Example: 450 enter
Scale:-
Command: sc (enter)
Select the object (enter)
Specify the base points
Enter the scale
factor Example: 2
(enter)

Stretch:-
s (enter)
Select the object (enter)
Specify Base point and drag the mouse
towards the required direction V 25
Trim:-
Command: tr (enter)
Select cutting edges (enter)
Select the objects to trim
Extend command:-
Command: Ex (enter)
Select boundary edges (enter)
Then select the object to extend
Break command:-
Command: br (enter)
Select 1st point and 2nd point
Chamfer command:-
( Draw a rectangle of 100 x 50 )
Command: Cha (enter)
d (enter)
Enter the distance 15 (enter)
Enter the distance 10 (enter)
Select two adjacent line on screen
Fillet:-
Command: f(enter)
r (enter)
example: 10 (enter)
Explode:-
x (enter)
Select the object (enter)
FALSE CEILING :-

DRAWING ROOM:-

SPECIFICATION:-

The measurements are as shown in image.

At the centre part there is a circular pattern.

A rectangular boundry covers the circle and then end at back side of sofa.

The offset was provided for 3-D view, It will move down ward by 5”.

Around the room small circles are for RGB lights.

The offset provided at the corners are also in 3-D view.

It will movw downward by 3” each time with a quarter circle at the middle.
DRAWING ROOM:-

SPECIFICATION:-

The measurements are as shown in image.

At the centre part there is a circular pattern.

A rectangular boundry covers the elipse and then end at back side of bed.

The offset was provided for 3-D view, It will move down ward by 5”.

Around the room small circles are for RGB lights.

The offset provided at the corners are also in 3-D view.

It will movw downward by 3” each time with a quarter circle at the middle.
CONCLUSION :-
After creating this plan, anyone should be able to read and follow the specific directions and
construct the object or perform the task according to your design. The finish project should look
just as you imagined it to be. The 3-D view provide an aesthetic view to room