Republic of the Philippines

PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Laboratory Senior High School

The Influence of Sleep Deprivation on the

Academic Performance among Grade 12 STEM Students
Of Palawan State University
S.Y 2022-2023

Research paper presented to

Mr. Julie Ilaya
Statistics and Probability Teacher, LSHS

As part of a requirement for

Statistics and Probability
Second Semester, SY. 2022-2023

Passed by:

Koreen Therese T. Acosta

Jamaira Mae U. Abrina

Johanna Jane G. Macola

Marjolyn Faye T. Copreros

Roland Kjen Ivan A. Paduga

Marc Tristan B. Gavilan

Cleford T. Ballesteros

David S. Martinez

STEM 11 COURAGE
 Dedication

This research paper is dedicated to the parents of the researchers who give their utmost support, understanding, and

never-ending inspiration throughout the study. It is also dedicated to the teachers, who are behind in making this

research possible. The researchers would also like to dedicate this paper to the respondents and students who take

part in this research. Also, this is dedicated to the school, which gives opportunity for the researchers to nurture,

test their capabilities, and cooperate in this study. We look up and dedicate this study to Almighty God who gave

us the strength, knowledge, wisdom, protection, and will to continue and keep positive to finish this study.

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 Table of Contents

Dedication..........................................................................................................................................1
I. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
Objectives........................................................................................................................................3
Significance of the Study................................................................................................................4
II. PARTICIPANTS AND RESPONDENTS............................................................................5
III. RESULT...................................................................................................................................6
IV. SUMMARY OF RESULTS………………………………………………………………... 13
V. QUESTIONNAIRE AND LETTER USED...........................................................................14
VI. NARRATIVE REPORT.......................................................................................................16

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 I. INTRODUCTION

Academic validation can lead to sleep deprivation. Education had been consciously the utmost priority of some

teenagers. With great work comes great effort, striving for quality results and academic tasks. And all the pile of

requirements can lead to a shortened amount of sleep students can get. As Palawan State University's Grade 12

STEM students strive for academic excellence, they may be inadvertently sacrificing something vital: sleep. It's no

surprise that sleep typically suffers as a result of the rigors of tough coursework and extracurricular activities. But

how much of an influence can sleep deprivation have on their academic performance? Our study goes into this

essential subject, exploring the impact of sleep deprivation on these adolescents' academic progress. We hope that

our research will throw light on this crucial topic and provide insights that will benefit both students and

instructors. So come along with us as we investigate the remarkable association between sleep and academic

accomplishment among Palawan State University's Grade 12 STEM students.

Objectives

The main objective of this study is to look into the influence of sleep deprivation on academic performance of

Grade 12 STEM students at Palawan State University during the academic year 2022-2023. Specifically, the study

aims to:

● Determine the average amount of sleep Grade 12 STEM students at Palawan State University are getting

per night

● Analyze the academic performance of these students in relation to their sleep habits

● Identify the factors that contribute to sleep deprivation among Grade 12 STEM students

● Explore the impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive function, memory retention, and information

processing

● Evaluate the effectiveness of existing sleep hygiene practices among Grade 12 STEM students

● Develop evidence-based recommendations for improving sleep habits and academic performance among

Grade 12 STEM students

● Establish a baseline for future research on the relationship between sleep and academic performance among

Grade 12 STEM students

● Provide valuable insights for educators, parents, and students on the importance of good sleep habits for

academic success.

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Overall, the goal of this study is to add to the collection of evidence about the association between sleep and

academic performance among Grade 12 STEM students, as well as to provide actionable advice for improving

these students' sleep patterns and academic achievement.

Significance of the Study

This study will serve as an eye-opener regarding the influence of sleep deprivation on the academic performance of

a student. The following entities will greatly benefit in our study:

Student/s: Raising awareness of the link between the impact of sleep deprivation and academic performance will

be helpful to the students at Palawan State University. In the event that these effects have an impact on their

academic performance, this study may potentially be able to enlighten them. By analyzing the relationship between

sleep deprivation and academic performance in a particular sample of students, this study can aid in the

development of efficient interventions and approaches for improving sleep quality and reducing the negative

effects of sleep deficiency on a student's academic achievement.

Parent/s: Through this study, It can help parents by giving them a better knowledge of how sleep deprivation

affects a child's academic performance. They may provide their child the support and direction they need to help

them improve their sleep patterns and academic success by being aware of the variables that contribute to sleep

deprivation.

Teacher/s: The findings of this study can be used by teachers to build effective techniques for fostering excellent

sleep habits among their students. In order to help pupils improve their academic performance, teachers might

incorporate sleep hygiene techniques into their lesson plans.

Department of Education: The Department of Education will gain background information regarding a student's

actual academic situation and how factors influencing sleep deprivation affect a student's ability to perform

academically. In order to create a school that is attentive to mental health in the future, this study may also shed

light on a more in-depth understanding of senior high student behaviors, workloads, and routine.

Researchers: The primary goal of this study, which is why it was conducted in the first place, is for the researchers

to find answers. Furthermore, they could learn more about the impact sleep has on a student's academic

performance as well as the circumstances that lead to it.

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II. PARTICIPANTS AND RESPONDENTS

Population

The scope of this study focuses on the two sections of grade 12 Palawan State University Senior High School
students with the strand Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. With Excellence having 48 students
and Integrity having 47 students, amounting to 95 students in total.

Solving Number of Samples

In determining the number of samples we used Slovin’s formula. Slovin’s formula is used to calculate the sample
N
size (n) given the population size (N) and a margin of error (e). Its formula is n= 2 . The margin of error that
1+N e
we used is 5% (0.05).

N = 95
e = 0.05

95
n=
1+(95)¿¿

95
1+(95)(0.0025)

95
1+ 0.2375

95
=76.77 ≈77
1.2375

Sampling Technique Used

This study used the Simple Random Sampling in identifying the respondents for the study. Simple random
sampling is a type of probability sampling in which the researcher randomly selects a subset of participants from a
population to which each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

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III. RESULT

Part I

Question no. 1
Generally, how many hours of sleep do you usually get per night?

Scores Frequency Classmark fx x - x̄ (x - x̄)² f(x - x̄)²

(f) (x)

1-3 9 2 18 -3.27 10.69 96.21

5-6 61 5.5 335.5 0.23 0.05 3.05

7-8 7 7.5 52.5 2.23 4.97 34.79

Σf = 77

Σfx = 406

Σf(x - x̄)² = 134.05

Mean Variance Standard Deviation

x̄ = Σfx / Σf s² = Σf(x - x̄)² / Σf - 1 s = √Σf(x - x̄)² / Σf - 1

x̄ = 406 / 77 s² = 134.05 / 77 - 1 s = √1.76

x̄ = 5.27 s² = 1.76 s = 1.33

According to the data gathered, 61 of the respondents slept around 5 to 6 hours per night. 9 of those respondents
sleep for 1 to 3 hours per night. In addition, 7 of the respondents slept for 7-8 hours per night. According to
findings, the average night's sleep of PSU grade 12 STEM students is 5 hours and 27 minutes.

Question no. 2
Generally, how many hours of sleep do you usually get per night?

Scores Frequency Classmark fx x - x̄ (x - x̄)² f(x - x̄)²

(f) (x)

1-3 10 2 20 -3.42 11.70 117

5-6 61 5.5 335.5 0.08 0.01 0.61

7-8 5 7.5 52.5 2.08 4.33 21.65

9 - 10 1 9.5 9.5 4.08 16.65 16.65

Σf = 77

Σfx = 417.5

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Σf(x - x̄)² = 155.91

Mean Variance Standard Deviation

x̄ = Σfx / Σf s² = Σf(x - x̄)² / Σf - 1 s = √Σf(x - x̄)² / Σf - 1

x̄ = 417.5 / 77 s² = 155.91 / 77 - 1 s = √2.05

x̄ = 5.42 s² = 2.05 s = 1.43

During the school days, the majority of students, or 61 of the respondents, obtain 5 to 6 hours of sleep. 10
respondents sleep for 1 to 3 hours. 5 of them sleep for 7 to 8 hours. Only one respondent obtains 9 to 10 hours of
sleep per night. During the schooldays, the average night of sleep for PSU grade 12 STEM students is 5 hours and
42 minutes.

Question no. 3
On average, how many hours of sleep do you usually get during the weekends?

Scores Frequency Classmark fx x - x̄ (x - x̄)² f(x - x̄)²

(f) (x)

1-3 3 2 6 -5.17 26.73 80.19

5-6 18 5.5 99 -1.67 2.79 50.22

7-8 42 7.5 315 0.33 0.11 4.62

8 - 10 2 9 18 1.83 3.35 6.7

9 - 10 12 9.5 114 2.33 5.43 65.16

Σf = 77

Σfx = 552

Σf(x - x̄)² = 206.89

Mean Variance Standard Deviation

x̄ = Σfx / Σf s² = Σf(x - x̄)² / Σf - 1 s = √Σf(x - x̄)² / Σf - 1

x̄ = 552 / 77 s² = 206.89 / 77 - 1 s = √2.72

x̄ = 7.17 s² = 2.72 s = 1.65

During the weekends, the majority of students, or 42 of the respondents, obtain 7 to 8 hours of sleep. 18
respondents sleep for 5 to 6 hours. 12 of them sleep for 9 to 10 hours. 3 of them sleep for 1 to 3 hours. And only 2
respondents obtained 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night. During the weekends, the average night of sleep for PSU
grade 12 STEM students is 7 hours and 17 minutes.

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Question no. 4
Do you have trouble falling asleep at night?

50.6 % of the respondents are said to have trouble falling asleep at night while 49.4 % of the respondents have no
problem sleeping at night

Question no. 5
What is the reason why you have trouble sleeping at night?

35.6 % of the respondents’ reason for having trouble sleeping at night is due to school work. 30.0 % is due to
social media or online games, 16.7 % is due to having insomnia, 14.4 % is due to household chores while 1.1 % is
for the 3 respondents with their reasons being anxiety, constant stream of thoughts and coffee

Question no. 6
Does your sleep frequently get interrupted during the night?

62.3 % of the respondents do not experience frequent interrupted sleep during the night while 37.7 % of the
respondents say they do

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Question no. 7
Do you have trouble waking up early during weekdays?

68.8 % of the respondents have trouble waking up during weekdays while 31.2 % of the respondents have no
trouble waking up during weekdays

Part II

Question no. 1
Not having enough sleep interferes with my concentration in class

75.0 % of the respondents agree that not having enough sleep interferes with their concentration in class, 14.5 % of
the respondents do not agree while 10.5 % are unsure

Question no. 2
I get easily distracted during discussions without proper sleep

64.5 % of the respondents get easily distracted during discussions without proper sleep, 30.3 % of the respondents
do not get easily distracted during discussions while 5.3 % are unsure

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Question no. 3
I am able to do my tasks well even without proper sleep

47.4 % of the respondents are not able to do their task well without proper sleep, 34.2 % are still able to do their
tasks well even without proper sleep while 18.4 % are unsure

Question no. 4
I experience physical manifestations of stress without enough sleep

73.3 % of the respondents experience physical manifestations of stress without enough sleep, 22.7 % do not
experience physical manifestations without enough sleep while 4.0 % are unsure

Question no. 5
I barely participate in class due to fatigue from lack of sleep

48.7 % of the respondents say that they are barely able to participate in class due to fatigue from lack of sleep, 40.8
% are still able to participate even with lack of sleep while 10.5 % are unsure

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Question no. 6
Do you think that sleep deprivation influences the academic performance of students?

84.2 % of the respondents think that sleep deprivation influences the academic performance of students while 7.9
% do not think so and are unsure

Part III

Question no. 1
What do you think are the advantages of enough sleep?

The following are the ranking of the respondent’s answers on the advantages of enough sleep:

1. Improve concentration and focus

2. Energizes our body with more energy
3. Contributes to a better academic performance
4. Promotes a healthy body and mindset
5. Contributes to a better mood
6. Reduces stress
7. Enhances creativity

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Question no. 2
What do you think are the disadvantages of lack of sleep?

The following are the ranking of the respondent’s answers on the disadvantages of lack of sleep:

1. Lack of concentration and focus

2. More prone to illnesses
3. Fatigue / tiredness
4. Loss of energy
5. Poor academic performance
6. Affects mood
7. Affects emotional stability - Less productive - More stressed - Unmotivated

Question no. 3
Why do you think sleep deprivation affects one’s academic performance?

The following are the ranking of the respondent’s answers on why they think sleep deprivation affects one’s
academic performance:

1. Because of lack of concentration and focus

2. Due to the possible decreasing health of students as well as their mental stability
3. Less participation and cooperation in doing tasks
4. Sleepiness
5. Less energy in doing schoolwork

As we all know, the STEM course in senior high school has a requirement to guarantee its students maintain a
decent grade. In this regard, the researchers gathered the viewpoints of grade 12 STEM students on why they
believe sleep deprivation impairs academic performance. Almost all of the feedback that was gathered indicates
that getting enough sleep improves a person's concentration and thinking, allowing them to do their given activities
more efficiently. On the other side, if one does not get enough sleep, they may find it difficult to concentrate on
their studies because they are always distracted and sleepy.

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IV. SUMMARY OF RESULTS

In doing this survey, we identified that sleep deprivation does influence the academic performance and productivity
of Palawan State University Grade 12 senior high school students. In a study entitled ‘Sleep in middle and high
school students’ it states that How much sleep someone needs depends on their age. Teenagers aged 13–18 years
should sleep 8–10 hours per 24 hours. Through our survey, we were able to gather data which concludes that the
majority of grade 12 STEM students of PSU generally only get 5 - 6 hours of sleep per night.

Because of this majority of our respondents are sleep deprived, few of the main reasons being schoolwork ranking
1st on the reason why students have trouble sleeping at night. 2nd being social media and online games, 3rd being
insomnia and 4th is because of household chores and responsibilities. A few of the non-mentioned reasons are
anxiety and caffeine. As concluded in the data, the majority of students also face productivity hurdles due to lack
of sleep such as barely being able to participate in class, easily distracted during discussions, loss of concentration
and more aforementioned.

Almost all of our respondents acknowledged that sleep deprivation influences one’s academic productivity, 1st
being lack of concentration and focus, 2nd being the progressing decrease of student’s overall health as well as
mental stability. They have also concluded that enough sleep has its advantages along with the disadvantages when
lack thereof. Its top advantage being an improvement of concentration and focus, 2nd is because it energizes our
body and mind to be more productive and 3rd is because it contributes to a better academic performance. Its top
disadvantage being the lack of concentration and focus, 2nd is because one is more prone to illnesses and 3rd being
fatigue or tiredness.

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 V. QUESTIONNAIRE AND LETTER USED

Greetings! We are the researchers of STEM 11 Courage. 2. On average, how many hours of sleep do you usually
In completion to our performance task in Statistics and get during weekdays?
Probability, we are conducting a survey titled ‘The
Influence of Sleep Deprivation on the Academic O 1 - 3 hours
Performance among Grade 12 STEM Students of O 5 - 6 hours
Palawan State University S.Y 2022-2023’ This study
O 7 - 8 hours
aims to investigate the possible effects of sleep
deprivation among senior high school students and its O Greater than 8 hours: __________
influence on their academic productivity. This survey will
take no more than 5 minutes of your time. All personal
information will be kept completely confidential and 3. On average, how many hours of sleep do you usually
responses will be acknowledged with due regard get during the weekends?

O 1 - 3 hours
O 5 - 6 hours
O I have read the terms and agree to participate in the O 7 - 8 hours
study as a respondent
O Greater than 8 hours: __________

O I am not willing to participate in the study

4. Do you have trouble falling asleep at night?

O Yes
O No
Signature

5. What is the reason why you have trouble sleeping at

night? (For those who answered yes)
Biological gender Age: ______
O Household chores
O Male O Social Media / Online Games
O Female O School Work
O Insomnia
O Other: ____________________
Section

O Excellence 6. Does your sleep frequently get interrupted during the

O Integrity night?

O Yes
Part I. O No
1. Generally, how many hours of sleep do you usually get
per night? 7. Do you have trouble waking up early during weekdays?

O 1 - 3 hours O Yes
O 5 - 6 hours O No
O 7 - 8 hours
O Greater than 8 hours : ________

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 O No
O Unsure
Part II.
6. Do you think that sleep deprivation influences the
1. Not having enough sleep interferes with my academic performance of students?
concentration in class
O Yes
O Yes
O No
O No
O Unsure
O Unsure

2. I get easily distracted during discussions without proper Part III.

sleep

O Yes 1. What do you think are the advantages of enough sleep?

O No
O Unsure

3. I am able to do my tasks well even without proper sleep

O Yes
2. What do you think are the disadvantages of lack of
O No
sleep?
O Unsure

4. I experience physical manifestations of stress without

enough sleep (headaches, fatigue, etc..)

O Yes
O No 3. Why do you think sleep deprivation affects one’s
O Unsure academic performance? (For those who answered yes)
5. I barely participate in class due to fatigue from lack of
sleep

O Yes

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 VI. NARRATIVE REPORT

Group 1 researchers had looked into the importance of sleep and how it affected students' academic performance.
One thing that helps you do better in school is getting adequate sleep. You need enough sleep for your brain to
work effectively and to think through concepts practically. A study on this topic was started by group 1, which was
led by Koreen Acosta and included Marjolyn Copreros, Jamaira Abrina, Johanna Macola, Cleford Ballesteros,
Roland Paduga, Marc Gavilan, and David Martinez.

Students in Grades 12 who were majoring in STEM were the focus of our study on the impact of sleep loss on
academic performance. We designed the structure and flow of our research report within the first week of
conducting our study. Then, a job or section of the paper was allocated to each of our team members to complete.
Additionally, this is the week that questions for our survey or questionnaire were determined.

We concentrated on doing our survey and printing out our questionnaire during the second week. Our survey's
layout and format were first planned, and on May 23 through May 24, 2023, printing began. After printing the
survey, we distributed it to Grade 12 stem sections per room. The process took place between May 25 and May 26.
The following images were taken while the survey was being conducted:

Researcher counting exact Respondents answering our surveys

the survey amount

We researchers proceeded on to the data analysis and interpretation phase in the third and final week of the study's
execution. In addition, we learned that sleep deprivation alters STEM students in grades 12 in a variety of ways,
including how they manage academic activities and how they behave during lecture periods.

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