Scribd
Upload
60 views

Os NotesFULL

Uploaded by

Manish Roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
60 views

Os NotesFULL

Uploaded by

Manish Roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 251
ra) gc sar rem mntigen | allocator 1) antroduction' 2) Paves management ~ Ot erage and executiin of 3) proceed aynckuont ratum 4) weadtorn kauck tung ‘he why, 5) Hionntsy mR sya: | 6) Pile tanagadleat.- pp eb takn iat (os) oa aot of program that Eee and “tpamjace betuseen, the Werk anal pruswide an | erartrAonm oxacte pAgirams enn, Os can P taclo Comuind at anu) oppceent (mann : oe Ns" a Yueounel im eos Reouwrce allow E we ore . examples Of Maer OAR! CPL, memgty » ‘ erubice Procter. Do wanst operating egeeem do? . Side Ur] pal 1 | | . “Conlpaiips POA lap Appa Lp owt styalem |r We | : vas f Operating Syalem " resinplaee wie NS ©, aos. putes e O yale as ir ecealirana eek \— R top ree 9 Main hrvtume tmec) ivuanee aa Pmexumuie aeasurte. utc zatim Scanned by CamScanner rhe] ; ee computer _ agate — operation - i) intbealize © ALL dauites AXE Comnecked oy wt) OS till be Jyacted. Keanel woul Le loaded in gan | Ceore park of prrcios or) . Ontguupl : unwanted argnal Ont evutpl vector. rbouipts are atorrd i ons nt }P Normal 2<0cettion wy pv. aE eal = aac : sie | — ayatem Calls. peuiatu from main program and 2k ect tng WEsrupt acd ain emi back ‘anal BEES ry main Pg a called ayekem cats pe Cuebutusn Gf operating eyatem i) Gator byrne eT Tob ° On Bokeh proussing bechnique EER, type of yobs one batehed pagrthir an axettedat @ tune. ° the mayor laok of of woo tp beans fer contral Qitemotrieatl one job bd eat nbd job t pom d Weary \ L Scanned by CamScanner ble CRernal) | 20K + MeMOY ta qout of Tes batch poverating lik i ar sail et COU bound COU bound “~ fo bound. eae! in o buoy CPD ahould always fe 6 wn a to DOwace penjormarte. od ~ Advantage of Batch pr Ceasurg aryakem t) mean wm faaker - ODvadvank t) cPU o ween tdle i) user Cannek crbenack with the gob when uk b axe aking _ kyaten 5 oe en ¢dte) droadvantage fi) MuLecpro g £2 ATG _= d Cepv We eagle Pe tnkrro duty ced - a bechnique to exe- MuLLecpao) pare paog Ne phage pimuLipnrsoualy ly Tob echecubing a angle ee Bue C JN, as dls | [2] <—> — a) Te mae we Re Tob Pool . 8 moO puch contacnt sabe and axecertio- CPU Ready duct Aueve Ouse uu nee poo ose heady tome Scanned by CamScanner = ob mm Reads Gueue @nd proc- Select ong tne 4? bt to bared! a CPU OChe Go caning we came lr f Cu works Hus much, atowk Tobi G P10: ePUI Tepe ie wer HU - _ Rene, then kets ad Jobs Cov work Asrnoinuny to Stb| + Aduantage i) Of CcLank (aa psAty ulclizakum taebtiple obs ane atotedk Wo cpp & nwa Idle . ici) Unroughpuk of re CPU moay cy an iw) woltuy tune uy Umited. Tea] a tlh aa Re ig apenanteng Ye 4 “ol | ii) vg mata yp a ebgtcal 2 Tune - 4 et sam ovtenaton Ch Red te Oe Scanned by CamScanner - Aduanknge c) uaer can takwact uuth the 4b wren th & exe - cede ip wae “ogpeereet — ee a cou be cpu uklicakecn- muLTrpRacessok Syetem. or PARALLEL SYSTEM oF Wigrily Coupha ayater ayakern haue moe than one. proccasors catitl fone Caompubin bus, mensiy, percipherct goustia Bea, khan thu i of ayatem One calte mm LLL Lepr toed oe Wty polvantage i) ineacqacol bheed pee ee eames ovocited in porkicutac ture P ‘pebigipet) i) ft % economical: eagt 5 thesaaaned agbiablity: grace of 43 to conten Aras g Her fo Mubel poocees7e home beyond the qracefuul og ee id foul t olox peo of mubhiprpleasor payne: mullet p aD esting — comp) olf and theor. ge Qnothnr Uthon - Gach procure Aune a copy cops Com municabe © ith = one- neecteo) = Bn emP au the pr doaaars Gna peas Scanned by CamScanner ii) Acymimataiens MmULbPAP eres ing _ ey Sie | q a dhay “cope 2ach proceaer Aastgmeal i pectic loak ~ A Mmoala pro teosor contwols the uthole and athex procs follows the marge pro carer's Wakwuc tors — the maakea pxocuesey ethedulu and allo gay dhe’ work to the Mla pv (easy. ‘ 5) Datatbuted oyakem ov Lootely Coupled My abem, Bo Sutrtbuted “ayatems the pavcecinw any ahonre memo » lock and percpheral Obercieg, €ach pr Coaor havo sl un Local mem and thef are, COMMmunrcat eal OM O79 thom uto | though high apes — buoea (ayitrlhs/areinyh Advcentages . t) Reoguree Lose uu) computation apeedup. ia) Relea bly. al *liy L, Mi) Network operaliry ayokem A Network hao a nitmbe&r ey manny doo. When pus meds and a npde hai want fo uaz Te Meoounces , we nevel to Kno ishere the npoouree are ovattalle and Connect that machine tp onettety avail the A ounces This Can be & unplemented by folouturg OAC tectuts a) Pesrd-to = Perns Qyatom : b) euink-Seruen fyptern No chanee of farlune fatlure % possible ‘Pompute GO UA, ~Styabern i) Pue- ener fyatom. vif Real- time Operating _ayatem _ — A Real- ime ayatem % Used then a Laid ttre requvament haus been placed on tye. Operation Oh a fee Condi oo the por) of data Scanned by CamScanner me oN tha” - A heal time aiyaiom han well alof cncal paw * conatedint. Pavleating muet be clone etthin defprred conatras Athyreuae the ayakem ueritl fait ~ Thee ane two types of sacl time ayatem. a) Hand wad téms _eyaten . This abem guarantec Oo Thal CAEnCaL HOE ant compilred on He. bo) Sopt JWAl Hime auyatem- sre ‘meant that Ine “pracedlanca \and the gequance for the tae epenations ane defined: + COMPONENTS Of OpaRATING SYSTEM (L8) pg. t) Proceet _managernont * prrgwam in ewectekum w called a proces ara Prgram vw paste enitty ushineo? process ae ee, Otek. athena crag is eueubad fected! yA mee" ® allocated to it. when execution Ou the pro cead neleaeesa atl the nesrurte- One uthich manage owl Orr: Gnd pro eke wo done by Res manag an . nt Wi). NO? FN ey a) kennineriblactor 4N8 mon, 1 Age . mem oy co fale of ato erther O oe | : 4 each att. hag a pi eteal odd Azod - f Dare Con be grovtd loececserl worng 1% physical cual clits “J cpu genenalts epeaatwn Z cpu ly iy pe —_-eb'u ore. © [memey mansgerentirit| My main memovy: » Aandoresy wt Ay 4p physical adovucs OlCeos as, OF th Some. Cre caas ONY adidrtos i tum rer) erent Poe: collect of infocm a Wi) Pile manag Pole: : vee oe efit Felden: collectum y fle File character Nimenle \ ! hanurn ete ‘ ee ' Scanned by CamScanner aS V sasts| anagament : 4, a]o syotem me ; flo ON emclromethanicol dase. Jt cannot be wanected — dinec tu due io cpeod minmatth to come buffer (Cache enero om wm put tow — speed covice (eg sprinter) How buffer 210) gubsytlem. | some pAtdefered coptinrares ~ | al vi uses gre alo Asian, comotiner rea | &. Socon day akonage Manogement - | main mim vole ¢ power on worles ), | 30 . Dt further dac b partiononad into = tracker ay seth druceed cto sector: atk yo aud head & Used data. ' — @ P and dala a Asad. ‘ hobat ed head > eo igrtotin \f Ae OPA Ce ene cide, i! olata on athonr side 6 Nekwere an, WAN Sint inet da pieag mentakim \ pragram —* prragrarn. needs ppme Aloource that nat uth “ma + then 9 “nandl “to acceas that aspurce FIM O Ainowree Syctem . THe w prouloledl th thio, Network cyst \ \ 4... Paptection Soke Asse . 4} Tw0 protease.” bath Wedel Be. protected from each pth 2 type C) wasr. pro tues | Wie > vise prog ran, Ta ye ey } ehecution = pro uss t) Syakem pao ws § when we Actas come program wo Aaeal Some System ram. and we Acces | Gran ia Cpa eon paca, i. = poo Scanned by CamScanner Bt enced ee \ f lor mand antnpseter : id dive U (aim a te trndace bl" usin and Os —+ operating Syatem cervnces. (va). Pg-S4. os prourdes @oriuis to utr ayakem ete 1 chow lat of direct & program 10 Show st’. Pog vam rectum program executes ‘—_ olP or wall ri 2, 10 _eperatn i whik execttur program pe Qive epput wang kerybuard » mbuct, LAN , wome pile 3. Fue Syotom Hanipilatun - i Reading dala foo file — write lapp end ate wpe. 4, £enm unicaker 2 proeeos ae ane Pt 4 may stemmunicalz They among dhemeelusa + 4) Shared mim concept ii) meos same. posted, Tuo po Cres uaLthinns yalom ¢ Two proces in cliff, Syotem: i) Shared! miro ols . bath proces can send oF rece we alata. worl . Shona = Measage Paoddy —p-1 PrcommuP —| als ¢xeanel) Pel eee COMM roca with OS then 0.8 commune aes with Pd 4, Roource Allocation - AuLocat Ug ponetrrces tp proctos or a AyYakern.at tune ed gre cutwn » Scanned by CamScanner y a how Man, Row many Users woe D keep ivack pasa ancl_S¢ wnii 6.) protection 2 no bectur t protect ung one. uchelhen oT not you OAL Litho aud peu’ to uae syotem. 7 teak it uatrrcl and pasword io ured, procvas to Anbthey ge curt ty - praia ureNores (hn wan ond ath | @yarem pg ram: [im Srforface Cut @hs--~ | Cotes | peer EEE . ia} . — pee ! ; \ Senvites Hondwone ‘ po Syakern Call aouidie the Nee between tne y proces Cned a os CPA 61) i Typco. ayetem call othe One 9 6 Eyper > nt) procuqs control | vi) Rue manipulation . wa) Dewice mani pulation Wi) ) thpremat ton maLntownarte. v) terormunicattont - vi) psstectin. (6g 69) opent? Scanned by CamScanner wode bit wits pre ha proce ae [calls ovoke Retuan form ‘ [a executwn aa em | eres ——— Kennel emodapit = bpt= O° mode eb 0 execute gyster call ——, mihith » determined by bit in aor mode Kernel 9 [Supenvite and wnteraupt gyotem buna in 2 mo des “Y wit Oo 1 Hen aAyatem Babe ” won mode bik changed using uberrup t executed by oyotem call. Ths now on and Kerns) proces Worle hampeung each athin: sith out Scanned by CamScanner 7 CHAPTER 2% a alae process coNncerT Pav tras O program tn execution _ poo YO untt Of work, - Procas needo eVUQuy neowren auch 09 CPL Lune mem and (#10 olewltn tp dp jy work, ° Theae, vusauwreta ane allocated ty Protas ef her ab the time oh) Creation on at the tum of exe cut Lon, = Pootras + main mm Program : Stonda rales func? Arguments func? return type: total vari ables Qnternal olauctune of _Pmecan Dynamic. memory allocation Ylobal variates Erotauck uss * » —+ Paoeras @tote” e when Q pw leas eyecutes ut cha the otate e Uhe atote the pwta vuntied by cuwuent lt of othe —pr0ttes d othe at ane bk New : The proces to berha @reated. ' The tnatarictions Are berg executed, t The pydted ts watking for Pome euent to OCCUA . 4 Realy + The prrotees b waiting fo be oasigned .do 5 Toumtnale ! The procs hdo Yiniohed ik exeouhim Pay a FS Scanned by CamScanner oUt @ 10 prwtes CPU can ‘mun Lert ing ayatun 94 = Proties tentrol ber Aleck’ Cece) in akote ~ Rogulins 7 OR: mim Limut ee . ot abl time utilization - - The oljecttue the (PU Gmong pr0Teass 40 a atngle prowa at a Hie } ; prottes: Ypmcaas 1ep Y Sere dislns _prrces Atite 4 . holds Adder of 22th peb peb ib im ushidh alate bo protet numba | +empy u holds cwuenk aitdon tone fogs s seater of me od Cpud schedules tre of by dbp » agnumlos _ on eppeno. Miho in to Rane. 07 notes Schedhulir d P - The objective maultipaogy omer] maiumize the UY < oyaterr ty Aimwitch puquuntly that vain Con Scanned by CamScanner P Yatooupt with eae | fregre tah 2h ib i = Yo” med heat olgeckcuss, the Protea pthediler oats, an dwvoitorte process fom a att 6f oeueral asp protects from the Acadia (ueut fr execution on The CPU f) Schaduling Quenss - ob queue C neualiy erxcated process) Reooky queue , , 7 ! Deutee qpeciee’ Cevury | derite matntoins aquene) Sh proties ee C Fopqueue & not need) Ready , Deve Fucus - ° Job queue : uthen (tne procias enters the ery 4 Are» put trto 2 Job gquout-. Iidb GueiLe cONdLa} of aU ‘proteases WW the Qyatem. + Realy qyrore { Ye Processes Ahab Ore Avati uw tke” moigll wa anol are and nniti 40 creeds ore kefe en @ lak called Ready | ; queue . ¥ r 0 Deutee queue : Jha Usk GY pweresto waitd porticitar ‘tle deuice % Called “device Eurny Guete bb maintained in the form o) Unked Late Hensler my ! , jer aha 26l NNT ‘ a 7 Diagram Reprecertation 4 prvtied mee Scanned by CamScanner I ready Qucrre] send: j Queee| yep Gs [re game Je [FE Raa [rikne Sticeexpined— |__ (Oa [roe geil | jualt for an Preovpt noprecents the apne vaed (Ready ana P ruocuntes .thak aeuse anctanguias bex _ ree two glia, Ont ~The ClAcle, , neprLennte She the guediee- Sche duke Te ates onignets “on vanuiocnaga ths tushy un EL ( Apok piuak UES oat Sebo, proc & ag ' spre 9 set Ab BT aie - bam echo CUULtA 08 qpv scheduler beam sche clisler en ob pool and loado (eeady Ouse). fer ayoctstton i thak ii) Shenk - LAE 2 abe 2 fi Galacts & proces al = eae axe | Ase to gxe cute anol ~ cpu do oh phat the meron 2 - The mumba poet & dogsce oy _mulkipropromay— spew a) 3, He - plo pmceas wo one, doing Blo then, en, coemputakions 1 sere asl 4) ‘ Scanned by CamScanner P - A chu _beund proces b ome that ppendos mow i a q Gp dine tH Computation, than Lip ] note! Long 700m sche elen colocke aes prbeeas andy a ilo beund and |c Pv nana Pp oP dpa scheduler bakeo lomilticeconds to decideto | a: Brecuts a proces The Pwmcas takos lop me by! execute » How mouth Here percentage of of ttme @ qaken tor scheduling a pr0caoa, b 4 dcheckudes | time = SChealuling dime | jizp ; . Total, time | Total +tme 5/Sth Roldan + Crecutten tue op gS ‘ 5 4 } hey schedulers tut 2 top lo. x We. Nor 100: . aap 4% ey Hota cpu Hine soaked pr schedisting A prothes . iti) Hedlum team scheolulen : eo Pn time @hart arjetem , wie, Are Aem py ¥ , oO a ; Aun ning an from CPU to the 74 55 Gaba Opter: hice expires» $0 Remourn rsa nem CU eck ALady quioie. wise a i checuuler caltecl medium team Scheadutor . oMedinin team scheclulor CEQ) opt Prantiouy executed |, simpaut gwap pedi out. ro etad —+ context SHaley , Saute the CPR Aaom' ome: eas, bs, t protec fenubany » a pt ata As et pres and na ach i. oo eal Nhe ney prow LW eater ie ae, Ue Scanned by ‘CamScamner. [Sava the abate ilo Peto} : Panteaao Proceed). \ Dae Tale. Cgpteit Reload atate pron Po] sth | he pe a | “ ; t erecting Bolle « i context Outten tHme i pure ounhead because the ayaken olor no Upeful worl (ubhile ae hig + cpu |paottas gone cuiling Algorithms 0 ae at let : i : o The CPU othe algonithon determither tow the CPU Sp the proctel aT-F é ae re The «CPU Scheduler wctlachs % protest + cou schede’! © ao pean) onatlabl. proceape em CRe Qusie) that are eed te. wy allocates the CPU ty ais ’ i en i a module that ptues © papalchyr * Te Ppa pe cpu in the Vibelas selected U6 Che dulen 5 PY ear il phe sche cul’ 4 aun mein Tye chu rm ome rms another pyro” . . b- becate Ub te invoked sepipbebea johould +be aa uk anc) 2uery prowm suttteh . The ¢ oon a takes for | the dspaches a iad es kno procead \anderebaat anather pro teas apache = Scanned by CamScanner r CPU sched ulus orth, Ue Of um Hyper: 8) ED lay algerutthm : Fi) nemepeete Hine n ote non pawemi we : = The CPU ochedubing detown mony take place, Und four fetloutig CiNLUMAtANtes . i) uthen a fyloteas Atal theo Mm Aunning atate ty the! waiting atote cue to P/d.moguloe . Wy) uthon a partes auutthts frm running obote ty reody atate due 10 intevurpt ie) uthen” a proceed — auriterte fom wattug do atate often Coimp lution of 2/0. iv) bthen proces terminates - (OVW 2 NON -premitve.. UU, UE) Scheme + preemby ~ Dp proomtive oche cute) the, Civ) can nelaaae Le process eutn in the “midldle 6) the exeentin , - Dp nom- proombue eh, » once the CU hae,, been alloted 12 A proteas!) the prpttas keope tne cpU ountil dF seloonon the CPU aitht, by bermin oLuy or by suuttohurg to the thy atoate my Scheduling euttola + v The cuteua \dotpaming. the beat Oberon thhien Cony acuinal ‘best algorltin . H) cpu_ubilination 7° DF io the peveentage of tune thak the pooetedine ta bue W) THeupughput : no. af proce Completed y che Mig beuted 1 Poughpube Per sdeoee #8)! Tun around ttre? The thtowal fase the tine aumbiaton Of pretties to the time ef completion bb aolled twin around = ttme at ava Titan around June = Hme apent in Jeb queue, ; + Hine opent in Ready que , PT erecutton Hine of paceee ee i + doing £10. . 40 THO ‘ground Hive finish -Hone'= anasual duane} Scanned by CamScanner vy) waitthg dime: £4 in the Amount of time that ..a proceas , @pencls toad ting tn the” ready qUrue poaching: ihe. = akanting dime '- avriival tme v) Reponae time: The hme interval Mm QUbmiason eo} 0 zaquet until the pot vepence & Known ao Reopanae tume Reoponas Hinge = Pirak vLoponaa - Arrival Hine - y> 4 \ t) G) ahould be T ti) iv) v) should be + > er i) Aviat junk ouwe Bt tet Oo ok ‘yl pro clases pr to p® nue awiues faunuung if onder poreile Burst 1 pyoy At | er Pubal jhe ‘athedtule- r pola I 2 |I 3 2 |a ' 4 3 2 5 4 =) ‘ | Cant 5 . s-eniteua 1 AT non- pes ; fete [eres] mI pert | pest aT pe Pa | Mode : cont pao par] at er or ‘seer feat FRE huv bAUpeee ae y- eT T EP e pe og: ie 2! “4. |B 3 2]. [@ 5 5 g {ie fo F é z a |e le fot 92 pise ? A Tuan around Hime = (terete! ~ v c pe rere)/5 ~ Av wr =. (BFF oar 5aste) 152 Scanned by CamScanner g Prop AT | BT P oo |: 1 P2V eT st Ly LAP] ons 4s y 2 5 16 PNOl ary BT er TATE eF-AT | Whe gar-er| eT= FRoap ' ° 2 2 2 o. ° 2} a4. 44 ' oO. © Fle er ge NP 6 oO oO. Here Wr meena (Pirin waitre fer protec, cuhtato, th previous =e > Thee wad ag ued Fume | MAN proceesto mene wath Jor cPu, eho the 4 convoy effect + a) etna ogad! waht one bP oe Pate a "ep sTu affect NOME He gtten Th onrival time 1 nat gilen ali procted enter the 4 oe at teme=d j Dem ff) 4g Pron Ar BT ET TAT ECrAT IST. mmt-er RT APR Ar 1 OU 20 20 wD. Sa. ay & y 8 eb el 14° iq. 3 i) 1 3 oo 2) 2 Avg TAT = B Avyrs Yo. 4 P KO; HAT, 8T ¥ a ty eo Pa] ts | Pr m ° 2 0 ry ial” 3 ° Les} po, AT BY CT TAT=CT-AT We TAT-gr RIsFeA 1 | 2 98 ae L, > e AL 2 oO. 3 2 1 & 3 @ py TAT wr a ss Scanned by CamScanner ow executing prococs you aho.la rer wehenene You , P d past QO Qo to Keep wat tong time execute big proceas f! Leas « . . convey eqgfect = thoreoee wo time ~~~ vii\chorkeat Tob Finok cso) he : © The proetes hauwing amotleat exertion hme aned bp the pspceaier next. wil) be Lp Fe procieaes howd name 2k wen wat sue tp bacak the you opply frat come Zi ; He Hane! Thin - ngoreka according to buwt 4 Junie (ud) mode nen - preemie qe pNo. AT BT {Lewd . 2 2 ue ooh algo 10 fod oe 2 jute pooling eae to yo 4 8 qe eee bE eee : ea Ea [Paps] Cala 47 te 84 vide: “AL OTA TAT-Bin, RT PR -AT ) 1 oy & 4 ° rf 2 2 8 bb 14, 4. PA 3 Cie 6 5 ie 4 Gy &,.0) + 5 s. 5 Bb a4 14 1 iy) tt Rega, 28 pug pat = $3: 4 joie 6 Avg RT = 6 e ahorteat Tob poak writ precliton a purat]execution me. Adnankage 4 SIF: Dis calvantage oy STF = macimuun Thaough pub -at to atonvatwn = mins ong. waiting fume Clongerprocas wai dus romony ores} and +unn around tm - ft a nat unplemente : becawwe burat Heme & the py0l@e4 cannot be known wm aclvance nH ba . Aeal oftuottant The somswo & STP with pacaliction |p ‘Fed \b -. Scanned by CamScanner Technique Pradictuizy pegs ae J yi grare ‘ Byram ST frame ata proceas type Exponential Bevin ge Ng ela = Prrothas ate xe Ogle) 316 units - re, aioe aie nor rs my Prose: ye cia Kernel aaa % Hipeyo Guid” » im og isenectnt rt, " airpadchor Brkenach ve. fouqaouay) Background sures prr@ek (s ex games ors ee : " 0-15 Jusnite is -runib » | (5-8) y pene ; pynomic | + ensubect Pemasnrry time mole + preenHve — . 4B tet: for Completion Hine move, ght 4° dt — Paigvity scheduling a gaithm * Apatouty 4 Gasoctated wlth each prec and whe cpu Uw atlncated tO the pAotect cusith the highest paloritg 1 © equal prisrity frrotectts are pchecduled ln fcfe + priority ean be dajthed Parent or eackeinally: \ nothing qn @malbiat no. 3S Rend Peiowtg career arf oot: AT - aT) AE see ar Fy Gt 4 Scanned by CamScanner Avg. WT = P Thaoughput = = Non pasemHve._patority Séhediteny 7 a = 4 “Pe. es Ang, TAT Total yoo Tota] Hume TAT [wh Avg. wre? pa 4 TAT! Pa | 23S ane woking « A odtution’ £0 this 9 tethnique to prpceases pericd hear oRetHit. Cee) og = oy wm Longer ap rountp ROBIN ALY prt al wh 20 n RTE? \ Thoouphpurs Po " woOLens Hine @ pcheduling alge ‘ 4 pal, proocnes ts wel ok prtority Process. sheen ee ing pekiad of etme bluin s @gU Poe ably dresuace he that ane" waiting im tne syale ow okanvatus Gesigies! yor time orang, 4PM o The RR gaithm fn this i pb added fe initlon te 14s algo but the preemesn © ip viemitcht “Btw Yih, Pe ° A omau tome 4 § : quontum ¢ A pee in dejened PY OF: ; aC. + an this algesithm “the CPU auiitchos blo the a Le prdceos 00 the Hime quantum expuus q 1 . Cl Scanned by CamScanner Ae ie ber “rar ast eT MO ¢ Coe a o Bae 1s It 12 pasenctive. sb : 8 ‘ Tor ! Checlicle Jule ea | pr] py PS pe] pe ps] px [Pe TPs, = 6&8) @ lye lm. ts te 18 = 4 2lehe] ' ; ; : 8 BNO At | or er gatect-at|wrerat-eT| RT = BRRAT pets «| ete a2,| oF a2. 10 t a ty |r oF jos. eH 5. Tas 093 | 3. le aac] 33 go! 23, 2. nyse Mae Ns eB.) aO4 | 24 ao oO: Bg 2 a & q wD Pei, te, 6. be) sted hay ws 12 po i : pT aaa Less TPE Tor ae Se ee | | Sthealule : pu Jes] Pa |p [Pa er | eal P2.] Pe) pyPsl P34 | mi Pooy “ra MORIN "hy Pr 24 a 20g." a rane quantum trereme + ffs | rn uantum detec, uy ma then tune 9) dust jumps from one do anole, Ye oo man Ce nounsl! ABbLA Ob genuthm olependa on = a ~ yeh. Quantum prouns ne ash! 2 uantum b 2% the aR dyeuthn phoeel ooune “oo! fere algoultinmy 6 4 fire quantum 2, ‘emoul Cres), the R& ataerithn a colton protecsor a . Pariah uns Ho Tene Quant content auch. mast WL apt 6 ! 1 Big Scanned by CamScanner seme Guantesm, context euritch se be mene. . omalle Lhe Atgerithm 3 louel Queue Seheoluling a oo Heltil D+ protease and claasijed ~ pack 9g vu have difh . . oenealuleng V4 an) Ay af proceosed | yore, -—[emmactive pmeus < pencncana eaihg, POR] > . _ pean pee | tre ready queve Scanned by CamScanner iL jnugheat Reopence ¢ © The Criteria ©| Aoponce ae Uene fe Nr waiting H Tes sbauceasPimer egf O—-P? + Mode. + Neon - prtezmtue. | | ° + HREN algorithm nok only jovours alo ‘imita the. © wiatting Hime, Of yobs: \ alelie ] ( arg i oe Re, = CITY, | blis 7 ie 4 | oe (4-L) 4B rz UNG, One uthorar | a ALponle & more | i BRys Car Gt > = ns ual 90 for } a a ae er 2cutioyn - ALL oe Py | meg ag ee Py wit be recently, s Bey (ise type oe ee | Scanned by CamScanner SIF sthedude ‘(re [ede * Tes mos - tas Pray? wo divided into number 64 omaller or cometimes called — Leght cag epy utilization ; 4 pyran courten CPE) » REQ and ~ aback te petned execute at’ o Scanned by CamScanner 70 20s , - ta teas Hime td taker i i eres enone tune Lf)rhnod Th 4 * Fe pada, execute anol j ube») ere Ce a comp} rag complak. i operation dete ib open nie tune 7 i +u a) ae fone mow tune to |W) GE bane? tea ee tadla , BTN culth 012% pryDcradto Suitt blo : Ta ii) Pro cres roromunicatun ts wc) thaend vommu.nicaten a mone obefpeeretle eootin * b taht ' iv) papewsta ONL) lovely | wy thacoda = Oe righ Ly v) corupld comple , wv) pe aequioies more nO. wv) pe requires jouer no. oj ruesourter tm execute] of patel fo execute . m ‘ pe wb Ugh puskght . a Alera Jut) remade, one aaettabte fr soa paratlel |" panallel ackeuchts “thee Thee Oe o phAsool. © L) user th : fi) kennel thawed —duaethaend: | : : » ane Loaoleel Anitaely ty uoar paces Kernel | Knots |". nee ng, about , them, | © when theuiadls Oe managed Hvar apace the proteas needa wt Sun pave Ih The taead fable contains wjeunatirn about | - tram cdtenter, stack pornter, nag iatena ind atate lof thanad) Ott. , sorbed felte, © MnO el by a . f \ en ulaonme Scanned by CamScanner each pried thot’ keops track of ayekem, : odel mo att thaendng mane aryokor paride orp ; Apo. ‘ ‘i entadtion : nae i Ei cmupettratadiog YOR © Thace model i) eT fe thiood pak for Wotthy Geen and wasn = vend thiead > Scanned by CamScanner i) ene_to © * dn thin maps 200 i) rang t2_mony model ' | * Thio multipart | ues devel threode bo | « yhio model mape many reaer towel phacad to Fe konne) thazaol. ace a They ankle | ipyoctes ual! bloke a4, He makes & blocking migotern call. ono. | ereochel. one tO OF | T | ‘ _—-uan thread \ — eernel thrend - deer thread, 4% vernal | thacad tone “blocked” get, ots piok Codiventoge) oO omalter or equal numbr 3} kennel thread, * 3 a | f \ + + | PE ene) kernel % blocked then f van thread tennects || $B Onather keandl thaene | i Coolvantaye) | Scanned by CamScanner eynrcu RONDZA TION ele )F tH, Process ie ten THe Ox mane toaperaking proteases Oweeute a ahaned Maniable »% ononed Ascend a abil file olmultantor be chances a data ineanatatency: called nace -tcandition. , 1p owed this parblem prraas ayndvipntzat ten & needed , me one tw utnos = dp ayn eKronizatin ty pata-acties oyndmrentzotion s MNT Shak aro dota doe not ge Troe, conalehenuy ) abhen they Tune? Uapels bedl,o bg 5, Ceuenal co aperating pwrceser x) contre - aynconizatuin + Bt enowies thak co -opevat ng proceases perform fren actions t desired order: Races condition woeKs and UNLOCK S + HU extical ection prob lems Unk boeken and unloc- King: Sup pose J have Obte+ Oo ohowd vari Scanned by CamScanner toekCL) exetualuely © LocktL) + Aguine ; i : the onttital decd Only Ore protres with L tan Ly: ‘neleaoe axedualue a other proceailo to cenas te Weel) | the otal access kit's * vocieing pend ‘eintneking Sxouelll) 86 _luatgried ta eT requirement oy guth Q Wa that the Hee 4 cuted settrom ehould be patiapced » | > worry interrupt | ei)Db ts errple + tthen itenaupts ane daabled auLttth cut nt hopper ’ «ii ob Aeguines -priualege | Uner paptiasee Qenonally canna Nt ; akable the Sothielh wr software aolirtions -{ fer Hu oninital Ceetsn} Scanned by CamScanner = statemsrte : {See [yer ru dhen nothany ekecuteo qo” folee then etatemenda vacost] pi— P27 Pl APD ~ Vere Onby OMe PPCies Pr cant proceod potsfied 20 soxisfis = mubual gxetuctan” EE avecuteo OF & tome - HL PL exabthee wd prapeaen ie OT thio fous » (i pr dosnt wont fo execelay) oyelualen . 7 erased OAL ex ceuted alrernatiusly in eta) pr 9p

name bons ® ushich pr? pred ip the itieal acctin Uy Wwe Scanned by CamScanner VOAECbbe gaged foe | proces! suns? pee white) 1 cad] tyre cplag ce") ; a tatty {| 1 ocadia cpg 0) > i ” fing Co) = ues aoction eos ly —_ ical td Fim : fits -{ fog Crs fates += Gnubual peetuoten faile our bye .-—- and bath proteas art uatontes the mutual excluator) proceas | anal prouc 2 are * ft means mame tune - eection at ~.paoblun with attempt 2 The flags Qne mk GPX Wwe ies a * —+ goptioare eatution (attempt D hanced vonrla qantas [x Co}= flagcr] = folac. _Proeeas 2 ed ea), ee Cod= Trust 5 fa ode TAU iS oy; J Cag Cod) | coh — a tritical cecttimn | flog) = “Plog til = pales ee Scanned by CamScanner a ae ai Tp euiten fates, plate “udheh ventint trip cALHcal bacak form the while ty eatHteal | oO Qchieuss mutual ex Cluown + St dines not Athleve progace! 00 thie two pro cseseo ——— gnd deadlock 4a Petersen aplution tun hah. Flagco) = flag c= jot | vohle C1) t Hag Cola True s tw =2) soride Cflag C1 AND turn = 52) 5 —-“aaHtal_seckton —| on fing C01 = foulea 5 hore due to ‘turn wieh + gemnpHDRe voriatle whith i ind a) wnheger ow & & opeiol { ed 7 a? can be Alteos ey initiaLicedl on 04 PO) woltt ) eon be ; by two atomic, operatic Gir . operation ancl vey or signal O opercdurn - no conrert 2 uultch tn HW, atoms e means Scanned by CamScanner rune type mene (5 a variable. 04 620 tt condo pore Somaphere S 3 _— augnalls op? 7 pfoaites) while ( 8<20) 5 s=~4 Le I __ { v [5% s) 2a { | sees somaphore mitbex 5 pt mnutex) muter = '3 he. 7 Ne ewp |t | ext section vemutex) | vemutes) Remaindrn aections | Remaindir geet iim a eee eee a tplomont mukuads 2 «cebu e uaLn aamaphore » me can J erty eowily: propeces YB gndled waiting ® —, Semaphore ato -Cpvoties oynehnonicotlnn) o Thene are two typo pimaphore vanridlle 4 st counting é) counting aeraphort 2 The value aemaphere ean hange OWN an unneatricteal clomain (con atore “Ory wake gen Pun aarnapy hort $ The value bin only eben aad ii) binary _ormap Scanned by CamScanner ya @Q-© My tr be execute be ‘ Oe qm efre Si fee ME output Semaphore aynes eyne =F Prog ran! Proges ‘ i rey & power ot | — Pomaphere inplemendtakine ( uy woah) 5 aha a Ak 2 Lene i f 4 Busd wooly : ony Notte — This DUaH waiting dan be eliminated by modify tre aarmalphort PLLUCLURE + 3 aphowe pkAuctiAe| | lusith two frelde 2 a) hoger ii) Yok i) enkegar U vontain She vole oh pumaphere vOrue: ~ bles wi) Wat : Te toninins nO OF procyoses Arak Ore ~~ wong” typedos mtauck Aunt value 5 atauct padis * uel 5 Jasmaphere i , \ Scanned by CamScanner nm be rt) eumaphere epeatinn 6o wait (memaphere #4) t * wad go value =~ 5 a i Cs7 value <°) a add tus pavews £D gust > : It in : Now perces Dee } } block 09; UND Py aioli bul tn ‘pteck. Yakate deg ried ao * gugnall) oermaphere operation tan be seqnal Ceomaphere rc) S volus bt 5 a y ($7 valuere =o} r 1 3 Aemous O protkes P fo oo leks wakeuplP)s UY plock arate do si ' + akate o. —+ Sunewuonivabien hardware » Beme hwo unethucttoms “veairy bo Uanadl epyertt taal in astuing tre wdiical “ect ton problem . beskan. teat Land. at Chetan bang et) { boplean news 4 target s “ banget = TAue 5 return ALS Scanned by CamScanner feet dee | GL AetUans 0 asol teme 1s ‘ and. eet roplernenbat to beat - os wMutual exelucion >| funn: lock £0 i Pastas) auhtle 61) t urnile C teal and— oat Crock) = =I) abate ves pritical section ; mutual excluww de \ a oe Fi but net Othord j Note Fe at functiin Intel pro uasor diteo rot up part Feat and - re ee ee Tand. swap Curt Eualiet, 2, wrk, expectedl, tnt COrmpane and. wap be rev ‘, uik femp= * valine) y (value = = expected) x value 2 nuovalie 5 ackunn Lerap > atom Bt vodue =O expected! sO Th nao valne = volue, tomp + 0- volun = | af © mutual ex Lush up Lament o-tinn Guth Cempanre_anal- wap Pro ceo 1 {uncitory ; ronal U1), a : { muha porite. (Compare -and-ewap (Llock.,0,!) $ >0)s eed emtical Section: lock <0) aM tga atl Sf Scanned by CamScanner . AL) CR CENT, SAnather — algortthr ‘uate lat —and. at i ne a y thattuat Lom that. Qatlepeen aw : emtteal Section —- requiem ents - Global vartables - boolean watling’rJ= faloe; boslan | lock falee \ “i Pel white, C)- : ~ \ e uy toentud { are? a ais ' “Vwatkog cr) > ture 5 at lM? *Leey heue 5 I Wcal vauiable esa ae while (waiting C8 tekey) |e key = beok-and- aot (block); fara, S thie Ceiba 0 Lk | boating cya Teltows nth pro Coat fo entoa into EMH Ca) @ chs sai Hy tre (phe Horiba TPCE fooler i Key BOTH p, Now Py wants 1 enter, Whi, we Om Wes of PM Wad p> qe hue beg = re Scanned by CamScanner Ml au. the cond9S, far cortad gection * nm Vine me nota) ie i]a le fork C) —+ Mutex locks | ete sual “? txilunléery 5 ° the hardware bead mel” tp au ‘the erttetat geckion = problem en e1atly mactersthle. to application programma . 2 TO 'Qusid th problem, beat tgnexr bald a bwone tools tp adlue ge ction problem é . Hutex locks th used . to protect eatitcal aect Uno] and ake pretenta viace con dition ® B pro Cees! muck 0a Li Cae. the Loek bef one entering Ps: ip the! crittcal aectton and oe. the. dock uthen Jt ends ike the eritical eect a while C1) 7; & tt fain | anttital ceckion neleane Look rn neleane while (Lawailable) ! t nraitti eatioas gq Qrmnlaie after } 4 2 athe, prowes asem tp be Called a@pin lock apinning oo Scanned by CamScanner The main diaad vantage huey waiter e while O protuss other, protod cockton ay ue C) 2 That jypes 4 bennuise, the the Ince to become — Deadlock ane eA deadlock more an rouah loop continusely problem preceaios eur thot plement atin uw castes! ecko oe gto enter La Othe) ip the COU - 4 qh wb in thot LAs mutex lock UW called gpin_tetk, prouas opine white waiting tee aval lable ekorvation due _to gema phere uel Brit, uthen we ow One Wl Biotg can be ne y oy watsna protest Semaphore 30 ate 13 Fe Py soait C8) 5 waik (BY) t 3 mart_ 08) eaviical - 7 ; ~ — — Psectin yy signal ti ergnal (8) 5 stgnal (85 Se geo Genie (2 Sa soy ED wc em ents lanai 6S) $2) seyret C8) 52. guan 91 can ereeud, (> oe BT catisn $20 Wat (8), @co, . Now execute Por PI not (8). » of Oy wart (s) tocaay deadteer, nial Scanned by CamScanner jui0 Signal aihtogether TLD 2 pir ass OXF {hie wip es ea problems a Synehwonization Cvva) — claaste. ty produien -conatumer problery [ Bounded - buffer prvblern. Bug en Paro dutine | CORSA Bt tb also KNOWN a0 Bounded ao buyer gite ww boerndl + produc proolutes On ibm and ator Ww b fen CON eiumer conaumes » the item farm buffer a a hon 2 poe bles i) produ io wreaked to buffer wo full ii) jonaumera lo . thterratecl| the buy pe u empty: © Produce and cangumtr Chane the following data- atauckure- - bufhr problem produce buct the to consume but tne 9 3 Gemaphere mutex ='5 U mutual en clrolon acteored to the buffer Semaphore empty => I] initial OL) Lhe 9 post ont 64 “buffer ane empty Serraphore full £03; /) zew buffer a full mea all ore ernpy. | Pood con. ie Scanned by CamScanner velalr7 : ‘ale rerho ian” ve et - ope omy hort mbt = a : He ete y ntgs coleamapaares empl Es? a i gernoprare fue Paoclucnr ¢ white!) { a did | oe ’ digi * (* produce a9 Lhe mw rent proor" wack COPY) enlay [pratt Crouben: | jean b ew ee ada nant prodted a the uphen - es ge ae] @ ' , r Cons UumbA pethobtwedalddle i waikepull) » wait Comubex) 5 /* pemoue an ttyun room buffer commend by nw premeinn = Bie AREY, an maesedtaete ry Scanned by CamScanner elt siete Reader - uvatker problern 21, 22,283 --- Rn a. Ray wh K i Be ah A x 4s Wy 5 Wo x Semaphore wetals Semaphore muster = 1d unt readcert -05 Scanned by CamScanner pinot .. are ante eat Unhen O philoaphr dninks » ies Ts a mel ¢ hen coblegan - enllea gate pnatoopher ge on + Poon tine 10 se Po ehep attele trim to pick off wane) : ne E Chowtat tp hen C lyr and git ne cpropottele a © A philopher may pick up only 4Ome . taat © Ghe Cannet pickup oa chop tick the neGhbourt hand nth oncpetichs ot th, + wanen| a huonaed philosphr hao ms eametime, “oke eats eithout 74 aay iat Gshen ohe firwaheds eating, oh pub Apu the chepelicht. and otart thinking eat ee 3 ; exe © & ‘philosphir pick up the chopalitk by oh waikl) operdbion and — nelemeto the chops waing — axgnal C) operation: Serraphore ehepaticn Cs] x" 1 Sritfatice te 1, do 4 . Wait C chopotick Ci)s, rat Cohopatick C Ct +14 5°)) ; ran l uk | \ aignal Conopoticx Ce); ae agnot CohopeticeeC Cera s]); Fe Batiye fer a ushitee | f wahile Ctra) | Chopew'uc [AFT Tata oo'2 By Thin guarantees tat no +O . | retghbeu are eating amultaneorioly. i Scanned by CamScanner prodests become hungry at wine kame BU zach grabs fow Lape Enbpaick, and whe ight chopeHck i not available for Og This ado to deadlock. pheloapher- qoawid tg 9 powsthle puame des eer 220) tek ane ; . 1) allow atmoet four phitosphent to alk adnucttancovsts) ‘i, tau - is) gutoes 2. philoopher ID peck Up hen dept chepsith only 34 bath chopolickt Ore available. me wan odd no. Y philocpher pict up he yt chopshth PH Chey {vwt and then ough chopthck urhenene cue: th numberrd philotpher prchs Up hor ngpt enmpeHice then deft chopste « Z z HONSTORS- Although armaphere proud o conuionunt ond oe ey cant mechonim fre proctet _ynchn ni tas DLL the Semaphore rooults Hy carer: 1) noailk Crnutex) oignal Centex’) Cae signa! (route) wait (mutex) enter tintp the enttical problam + Beusnra) proces violating mutual oeckion aim ultane Ovaly » exctuainn nequecement ° 2) warelenuter) OS wait Cm utex) _ problem ¢ deadlock occwu. 3) Suppo that a prvceod pri wadt(muter) 7% Mnal (router) 07 bath Jett» mutual 2«cluston b “vielakd or deadtock uth occur: Scanned by CamScanner 8) 10 qwaid tress problams » moniter & ikon Bute AY Montes mon ter name Ie haned voriable declaratin | funetion pred —_ teeta pre) "a ‘ i ’ : oae\ fuetion pnl ) I Unittalizatinn — tede (-) { un one co Cogn ) monitor 9 > Monitor Uoage _ ox ‘i e moniter type ) 00 ART dhak. inelidin wet of programmer dijtned a@perdtions thot ane pro widlad ‘tuuith rjutual exclusion within tre monihr # Schemetre view af montire Scanned by CamScanner Wd, to ume. ayntheronization schtme 0 A propsamme can aleur cbefine vantables of type "sondern * condition %, Ys + The operation 2, wake 6) means that the proteas veluedl intnin cpaatun 2 oucpenden! linden O Untd Another wveke. be ms ougnal () 7 me forke) ayotem call » np ae ole lit a po ; er | fore oy 5 Mone | ie cron D, pia 2 sug, } net { 1 prewassn > 2? | (fore) mea ages vet uscd to Create proces . ayatern cou fant) b talug 7 anguments ano Aetusns oO. procs tP-

You might also like