MOLES, EQUATIONS AND ACIDS HW MS

1. M(BaO) = 137  16 = 153

moles BaO = 500/153 or 3.268 mol
moles Ba = 3.268/2 or 1.634
mass Ba formed = 1.634  137 = 224 g
accept 223.856209/223.86/223.9 g.
if 6 mol BaO forms 3 mol Ba, award 3rd mark
Alternative method
mass 6BaO=918 g
mass 3Ba = 411 g
1g BaO forms 411/918 g Ba
500 g BaO forms 223.856209/223.86/223.9 g Ba
[4]

2. (i) moles HCl = 2.0  50/1000 = 0.10 1

(ii) moles Ca = ½  moles HCl = 0.050
mass Ca = 40.1  0.050 = 2.00 g / 2.005 g 2
(accept 40  0.050 = 2.0 g)
(mass Ca of 4.0 g would score 1 mark as ‘ecf’ as molar ratio
has not been identified)
[3]

3. (a) BaO
Ba3N2
Treat any shown charges as working and ignore.
Treat B for Ba as a slip
2

0.11
(b) (i) 137.3
mark is for the working out which MUST lead to the
correct answer of 8 × 10–4 up to calculator value
1

(ii) 19.2
OR
calculated answer to (b)(i) × 24000
ALLOW 19 up to calculator value.
1

(iii) 8.0 × 10–3

OR
calculated answer to (b)(i) × 10
ALLOW 8.01 × 10–3 up to calculator value
1
[5]

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4. (i) Molar mass of CaCO3 = 100.1 g mol–1 (1)
2.68/100.1 = 0.0268/0.027 (1) 2
(ii) 0.0268 mol × 24,000 = 643 cm3 (1) 1
(iii) moles HNO3 = 2 × 0.0268
= 0.0536 /0.054 mol (1)
(i.e. answer to (i) × 2)
volume of HNO3 = 0.0536 × 1000/2.50 = 21.4 cm3 (1) 2
[5]

5. (i) mol HCl = 1.50 × 10–2

volume HCl(aq) = 75.0
ALLOW answers to 2 significant figures
ALLOW ecf from wrong number of moles
moles of HCI  1000
i.e 0.200
ALLOW one mark for 37.5 (from incorrect 1:1 ratio)
2

(ii) 180
No other acceptable answer
1
[3]

6. (i) Amount of substance that has the same number of

particles as there are atoms in 12 g of 12C/
6  1023/ Avogadro’s Number 1
0.275 120
(ii) moles = 1000 = 0.0330 mol
0.0330
moles Cl2 = 2 = 0.0165 mol 1
3 3
(iii) volume Cl2 = 0.0165  24000 = 396 cm / 0.396 dm
792 cm3 worth 1 mark (no molar ratio)
1584 cm3 worth 1 mark (x 2)
units needed. 2
[6]

7. (i) moles CO2 = 1000 /44 mol = 22.7 mol

volume CO2 in 2000 = 22.7  24 = 545 dm3
(ii) reduction = 545  60/100 = 327 dm3
[3]

8. 203.3 g mol−1 1
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 Accept 203
[1]

24.12 6.94 27.61 41.33

9. (i) ratio N : H : S : O = 14 : 1 : 32.1 : 16 :
=2:8:1:3
Empirical formula = N2H8SO3
N2H4SO3 is worth 1 mark from consistent use of at nos. 2
(ii) H2O  2NH3  SO2  (NH4)2SO3 1
(Award mark for N2H8SO3)
[3]

10. (i) Number AND type of atoms (making up a 1

molecule)/number of atoms of each element
Not ratio
(ii) P4  6 Br2  4 PBr3 1
(iii) ratio P : Br = 16.2/31 : 83.8/79.9
/= 0.52 : 1.05
/= 1 : 2
Empirical formula = PBr2
Correct compound = P2Br4 /phosphorus(II) bromide but 3
not PBr2
[5]

11. Molar mass of anhydrous calcium nitrate = 164.1 g mol –1 (1)

Ratio Ca(NO3)2 : H2O = 69.50/164.1 : 30.50/18
or 0.4235 : 1.694 or 1 : 4 (1)
Formula = Ca(NO3)2•4H2O (1)
[3]

12. A proton donor/species which can release H+ ions

[1]

13. (i) (aq), (aq), (aq), (g), (l) 1

(ii) effervescence/fizzing/bubbling 1
[2]

14. CaCO3 reacts with (or neutralises) HCl

(or CaCO3  HCl in an equation)
CaCO3  2HCl  CaCl2  H2O  CO2
(correct equation would score both marks)
[2]

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15. (i) MgO has reacted with CO2 1
(ii) Solid dissolves / disappears
Fizzing / bubbles 2
MgO  2HCl  MgCl2  H2O
MgCO3  2HCl  MgCl2  CO2  H2O
both reactions form magnesium chloride/MgCl2 3
[6]

16. (i) as a base (1) ………. accepts a proton/H/ neutralises an acid/

reacts with acid to form salt/ has a lone pair of electrons (1) 2
(ii) fertiliser (1) 1
(iii) manufacture of explosives/ dyes/ nitric acid/ fibres/ ammonium
nitrate/ urea/ refrigeration/ cleaning agents/ fertiliser
(if not allowed in (ii) (1) 1
[4]

17. (i) 1s22s22p63s23p6 1

(ii) 3 1
(iii) 10 1
[5]

18. Ca(NO3)2  CaO  2NO2  ½O2

or double equation with 2/2/4/1 1
[1]

19. (i) 4 Na + O2 → 2 Na2O

OR 2 Na + ½ O2 → Na2O
ALLOW correct multiples including fractions
IGNORE state symbols
[1]

20. (i) 2Na  O2  Na2O2 1

(ii) Na2O2  2H2O  H2O2  2NaOH 1
[2]

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21. (a) …Mg(OH)2(s)  2…HCl(aq)  ….MgCl2(aq)  2…H2O(l) 1
(b) (i) moles HCl  0.108  500/1000  0.054 1
(ii) moles Mg(OH)2  ½  moles HCl  0.027
molar mass of Mg(OH)2  24.3  17 × 2  58.3
(do not penalise 24)
mass Mg(OH)2 = 58.3  0.027 = 1.57 g / 1.5741 g
(accept ans from (ii)  0.027 = 1.566 g)
(mass Mg(OH)2 of 3.15 g would score 2 marks as ‘ecf’ as 3
molar ratio has not been identified)
(iii) Too much if 2.42 g (dose)  ans to (ii)
(If answer to (ii)  2.42 g then ‘correct’ response here would 1
be ‘Not enough’
[6]

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