Web Browsers

INTRODUCTION

Web browsers allow a user to quickly and

easily access information provided on many
web pages at many websites by traversing
these links. Web browsers format HTML
information for display so the appearance of a
web pages may differ between browsers.
HISTORY
The first web browser was invented in 1990 by
Sir Tim Berners-Lee. Berners-Lee is the director
of the World Wide Web Consortium.

The first commonly available web

browser with a graphical user interface was
Erwise. The development of Erwise was
initiated by Robert Cailliau.

In 1993, browser software was further

innovated by Marc Andreessen with the release FOUNDER OF WWW
(WORLDWIDEWEB)
of Mosaic, "the world's first popular browser". SIR TIMBL
Basic Functions of Web Browsers

• Provide a way for users to access and navigate Web pages

• Display Web pages properly

• Provide technology to enable multimedia features

• Provide access to Internet services (such as FTP and e-mail)

• Perform authentication and encryption functions

Installing a Web Browser
• Windows Internet Explorer 9 (IE9) is packaged with Windows 7

• Most browser software is available on the Web or through a

vendor CD-ROM

• ISPs provide browser software on installation CD-ROMs

• You should install the latest version of a browser because it will

have the most recent security features

• Look for and install browser updates as they become available

How Browsers Work
• You enter a URL into the browser

• Browser divides the URL into three parts: protocol, server and domain name, and file name

• Browser contacts a domain name server to translate server name into an IP address

• Browser uses IP address to connect to server

• Browser uses HTTP to request a page from the server

• Some level of authentication takes place

• Server sends the requested page (coded in HTML) to the browser

• Browser reads and interprets the HTML, and displays the Web page
TYPES OF WEB BROWSERS

• NETSCAPE
• INTERNET
EXPLORER
• MOZILLA FIREFOX
• SAFARI
• TORCH
• UC BROWSER
• OPERA
• GOOGLE CHROME
• MICROSOFT EDGE
NETSCAPE

Marc Andreessen was the inventor of

Netscape.he released the Mosaic-influenced
Netscape Navigator in 1994, which quickly
became the world's most popular browser,
accounting for 90% of all web use at its peak.

Netscape Browser (or Netscape 8) is the

eighth major release of the Netscape series of web
browsers, now all discontinued. It was published by
AOL, but developed by Mercurial Communications,
and originally released for Windows on May 19,
2005.
INTERNET EXPLORER
IT was developed by Microsoft, and initially
released at August 16th 1995.Internet Explorer
was one of the most widely used web browsers,
attaining a peak of about 95% usage share during
2002 and 2003.
This came after it managed to win the
first browser war against Netscape, which was the
dominant browser in the 1990s.
Its usage share has since
declined with the launch of Firefox (2004) and
Google Chrome (2008), and with the growing
popularity of operating systems such as OS X,
Linux, iOS and Android that do not run Internet
MOZILLA FIREFOX

FIREFOX was Initially released on September 23rd

2002.it is also named as "PHOENIX". Firefox is
available for Windows, OS X and Linux operating
systems, with its mobile versions available for
Android, and Firefox OS;
where all of these versions use the
Gecko layout engine to render web pages, which
implements current and anticipated web standards,
but an additional version released in late 2015 –
Firefox for iOS has also been made available – that
doesn't use Gecko.
SAFARI

Safari is a web browser developed by Apple

based on the WebKit engine. First released in
7th January 2003 with Mac OS X Panther, a
mobile version has been included in iOS
devices since the introduction of the iPhone in
2007. It is the default browser on Apple devices.
A Windows version, now discontinued, was
available from 2007 to 2012.
TORCH

Torch is based on the Chromium source code.

Torch's most recent version, 39.0.0.9626, uses
Chromium version 40, making it compatible with
all add-ons and extensions available in the
Chrome store. On June 18, 2013, Torch
announced that it had surpassed 10 million active
users.it is a commercially freeware.
UC BROWSER

UC Browser is a mobile browser developed by

Chinese mobile Internet company UC Web.
Originally launched in April 2004 as a J2ME-only
application, it is available on platforms including
Android, iOS, Windows Phone, Symbian, Java
ME, and BlackBerry. According to StatCounter,
UC browser is the second most used mobile web
browser worldwide, passing Safari in October
2015.
OPERA

Opera is a web browser developed by Opera

Software. The latest version is available for
Microsoft Windows, OS X, and Linux operating
systems, and uses the Blink layout engine. An
earlier version using the Presto layout engine is still
available, and additionally runs on FreeBSD
systems.
According to Opera Software, the browser
had more than 350 million users worldwide in the
4th quarter 2014. Total Opera mobile users
reached 291 million in June 2015.
GOOGLE CHROME

Google Chrome is a freeware web browser

developed by Google. It used the WebKit layout
engine until version 27 and with the exception of
its iOS releases, from version 28 and beyond
uses the WebKit fork Blink. It was first released
as a beta version for Microsoft Windows on
September 2, 2008, and as a stable public
release on December 11, 2008.
GOOGLE PANDA

Google Panda is a change to Google's search

results ranking algorithm that was first released
in February 2011. The change aimed to lower
the rank of "low-quality sites" or "thin sites",
and return higher-quality sites near the top of
the search results.
GOOGLE PENGUIN

Google Penguin is a codename for a

Google algorithm update that was first
announced on April 24, 2012. The update
is aimed at decreasing search engine
rankings of websites that violate Google’s
Webmaster Guidelines by using now
declared black-hat SEO techniques
involved in increasing artificially the ranking
of a webpage by manipulating the number
of links pointing to the page.
 GOOGLE HUMMINGBIRD

Google started using Hummingbird about August

30, 2013, and announced the change on
September 26 on the eve of the company's 15th
anniversary.
Google said that Hummingbird is
paying more attention to each word in a query,
ensuring that the whole query the whole
sentence or conversation or meaning is taken
into account.
GOOGLE PIGEON

Google Pigeon is the code name given

to Google latest local search algorithm
update. This update was released on
July 24, 2014.
The update is aimed to increase the
ranking of local listing in a search.
The changes will also effect the search
results shown in Google Maps along with
the Google regular search results. As of
now its release in US English results and
will shortly released in other languages
and locations too.
MICROSOFT EDGE

Microsoft Edge is a web browser developed by

Microsoft and included in the company's
Windows 10 operating systems, replacing
Internet Explorer as the default web browser on
all device classes. It does not support browser
extensions, ActiveX, or Browser Helper Objects,
but adds new features such as integration with
Cortana, annotation tools, and a reading mode.
ADVANTAGES
• Availability of mainly free information
• Low cost of initial connection
• Reduces the costs of divulgation
• The same protocol of communication can be used for all the services
• Facilitates rapid interactive communication
• Facilitates the exchange of huge volumes of data
• Facilitates the establishment of professional contact
• No barriers to divulgation
• Facilitates access to different sources of information, which is continously
up-dated
• Facilitates management of companies information system
• lt is accesible from anywhere
• It has become the global media
DISADVANTAGES
• Danger of overload and excess information
• It requires an efficient information search strategy
• The search can be slow
• It is difficult to filter and prioritize information
• No guarantee of finding what one is looking for
• There is a lot of apparently unconnected information
• Net becomes overloaded because of large number of
users
• No regulation
• No quality control over available data
• The Case with which information can be constantly up-
dated can cause problems of refencing
CONCLUSION
A web browser opens a connection to a web server based
on the URL entered by the user. The URL specifies the
protocol to use, typically http for web servers. The last
entry in the URL includes the directory and file names
that the browser is looking for.

Web Browsers are of different kinds but all are

used to search what we want from web, the browsers
differ from each and every one, the action they perform
was same. Some browsers above are more effective
compared to others.