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Integers are positive, negative and zero numbers. Positive numbers are to the right of zero on a number line, negative are to the left. Addition and subtraction of integers can be done using a number line by moving left or right. Real life examples include steps, temperature, game scores.

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51 views12 pages

Untitled Document

Integers are positive, negative and zero numbers. Positive numbers are to the right of zero on a number line, negative are to the left. Addition and subtraction of integers can be done using a number line by moving left or right. Real life examples include steps, temperature, game scores.

Uploaded by

viswanath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTEGERS

Integers:The numbers which are positive, zero and negative numbers together
are called as 'Integers' and they are denoted by the letter Z.
Z= {....., -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, .....}

Negative numbers:The numbers which have negative sign(-) are called


Negative numbers
Example : -5, -6 , -7

Positive numbers: The numbers which have positive sign(+) are called
Positive numbers
Example: +6,+8 ,+10

REPRESENTATION OF INTEGERS ON A NUMBER LINE

The numbers which are on the right side of zero are positive numbers and which are on
the left side of zero are negative numbers.
Real life examples of integers in daily life

Lift Behaviour points

Calories gained/lost
Game scores

Blood pressure

Thermometer
Ordering of integers on number line

From the above number line, we can see that as we go to the right side the numbers
are getting larger and as we move to the left the numbers are getting smaller.

Hence, any number on the right side on the number line is greater than the number on
its left.

Example

5 is to the right of 2 so 5>2.

4 is to the right of -2, so 4>-2.

-4 is to the left of -1, so -4 < -1.

Some facts about Integers


Any positive integer is always greater than any negative integer.

Zero is less than every positive integer.

Zero is greater than every negative integer.

Zero doesn’t come in any of the negative and positive integers.


Addition of Integers
Addition of Two Positive Integers

If you have to add two positive integers then simply add the numbers.

(+6) + (+7) = 6 + 7 = 13

Addition of Two Negative Integers

If we have to add two negative integers then simply add the numbers and then put a
negative sign on the answer.

(-6) + (-7) = - (6+7) = -13

Addition of One Negative and One Positive Integer

If we have to add one negative and one positive integer then simply subtract the
numbers

and put the sign of the bigger integer.

(-6) + (7) = 1 (bigger integer 7 is positive integer)

(6) + (-7) = -1(bigger integer 7 is negative integer)

Addition of integers on number line


Addition of Two Positive Integers
Add 2 and 3 on a number line.

On the number line, we first move 2 steps to the right from 0 to reach 2,
Then we move 3 steps to the right of 3 and to reach 5.
Thus we get 2 + 3 = 5.
Addition of Two Negative Integers

Add (-3) and (-5) using a number line.

On the number line, we first move 3 steps to the left of 0 reaching-3,


then we move 5 steps to the left of- 3 and reach-8.
Thus, (-3)+(-5)=-8.
We observe that when we add two positive integers, their sum is a positive integer.
When we add two negative integers, their sum is a negative integer.

Addition of One Negative and One Positive Integer

If a positive integer is greater than the negative integer

To add (+6) and (-2), first we have to move 6 steps to the right from zero then move 2 steps to the
left of point 6.

As we reached to the point 4, hence (+6) + (-2) = +4


If a negative integer is greater than the positive integer

To add (-5) and (+4), first we have to move 5 steps to the left of zero then move 4 steps
to the right from point (-5).

Hence 4-5 = -1

Additive Inverse

If we add numbers like (-7) and 7 then we get the result as zero.

So these are called the Additive inverse of each other.

If we add (-2) + (2),

Then first we move 2 steps to the left of zero

Then we move two steps to the right of (-2).so finally we reached zero.

Hence, if we add the positive and negative of the same number then we get the zero.
Subtraction of Integers on Number Line
If we subtract an integer from another integer then we simply add the additive inverse of
that integer.

(-3) – (-2) = (-3) + 2 = -1

(-3) – (+2) = (-3) + (-2) = -5

Subtraction of Two Positive Integers

Subtract 2 from 5.

To subtract 2 from 5, first, we move 5 steps to the right from zero then move 2 steps
back to the left.

As we reached to 3 hence, 5 – (+2) = 5 – 2 = 3

Subtraction of Two Negative Integers

Subtract (-12) from (-8).

To subtract (-12) from (-8), first, we have to move 8 steps to the left of zero then move
12 steps to the right of (-8).
Hence -8-(-12)=-8+12=4

Subtraction of One Negative and One Positive Integer

To subtract a positive integer from any other integer.

Subtract 3 from (-4)

To subtract (-4) from (3), first, we have to move 4 steps to the left of zero then move 3
steps more to the left.

As we reached to (-7), hence (-4) – (+3) = (-4) + (-3) = -7.


To subtract a negative integer from any other integer

Subtract (-3) from (4)

To subtract (-3) from (4), first, we have to move 4 steps to the right of zero then move 3
steps more to the right.

Hence 4-(-3)= 4+3= 7


Real life problems of integers in daily life

you take 6 steps forward and 8 steps backward .How many steps you have taken?

The problem has two components

6 steps forward can be written as = +6

8 steps backward can be written as = -8

We get 6-8 = -2(2 steps backward)

You have taken 2 steps backward

At 2pm the temperature was 15 degrees. By midnight the temperature dropped to 30


degrees. What is the temperature at midnight?
At 2pm the temperature = +15 degrees
At midnight the temperature = -30 degrees
The temperature at midnight = 15-30 = -15 degrees

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