5.1 Find the gravitational force of attraction between two spheres each of mass 1000 kg. The distance between the centers of the spheres is 0.5: Given Data Mass of each sphere = mi = mz = 1000 kg Distance between their centers = d = 0.5 m Required Gravitational force between the spheres = F =? Solution From the law of gravitation, we have Gmm, @ By putting the values, we have p= 8.6710" «1000 «1000 (0.5) 6.6710" 0. F = 26.68 x 10° F=2.67x10°N F= Result Grav =2.67x 104N itational force between the spheres = 5.2 The gravitational force between two identical lead spheres kept at 1 m apart is 0.006673 N. Find thei Given Data Gravitational force = F = 0.006673 N Distance between centers = r= 1 m Gravitational constant = 6.67 x 10!' Nm*kg” Required Mass of each lead spheres = mi = mz Solution From law of gravitation, we have masses. 2 OR By putting the values, we have 0.006673 » (1)? 6.6710" m) xX mpmi X m2 = 0.001000 x 10!" 1.00 x 108 m: xm As mi =m So my? = 1.00 x 10° m; = 1.00x 10*kg So m2 = 1.00 x 10*kg Result Mass of each lead spheres = my = m2 = 1 x 104 kg 5.3. Find the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Mars. The mass of Mars is 6.42 x 10” kg and its radius is 3370 km. Given Data Mass of the mars Radius of mars = Required Gravitational acceleration = Solution As we know that @— GM 8" ar by putting the values, we have 6.67 x10"! «6.42 *10" 710° 42.8214 «10 11,3569 * 10 g=3.77 ms = 6.42 x 10? kg 370 km = 3370 x 10° m= 3.37 x 10°m 9 Result Gravit onal acceleration = g = 3.77 ms? 5.4 The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of moon is 1.62 ms. Moon is 1740 km. Find the mass of moon. Given Data . Gravitational acceleration on Moon = gm = 1.62 ms? Radius of moon = Rm = 1740 km = 1740 x 10° m= 1.74 x 10°m Gravitational constant = G = 6.67 x 101! N m? kg? Required Mass of the moon = M =? Solution As we know that ugk G by putting the values, we have _ 1.62 «(1.74 «10° 6.6710" M1.62 x 3,0276 x10" 6.67*10"" 4.90*1 © 667*10" M = 0.735 x 10° M=7.35 x 107 kg Result Mass of the moon = M = 7.35 x 10” kg 5.5 Calculate the value of g at a height of 3600 km above the surface of the Earth. Given Data Height above the surface of Earth = h = 3600 km = 3600 x 10° =3.6 x 10° m Gravitational constant = G = 6.67 x 10" N m? kg? Mass of Earth = M = 6 x 10° kg Required Gravitational acceleration = g = ? Solution As we know that GM By putting the values, we have _ 6.67 x10"! «6 x10" (6.4 10° +3.6x 10°) 40.02 x10" (10x41 _ 40.02 x10" ~ 1x10" g=40.02x10" g= 4.002 ms? g= 4.0 ms? g Result Gravitational acceleration = g = 4 ms? 5.6 Find the value of g due to the Earth at geostationary satellite. The radius of the geostationary orbit is 48700 km, Given Data Radius of geostationary satellite = R =48700 km=48700 x 10° m=4.87 x 107 m Mass of earth = M = 6 x 10% kg Gravitational constant = R = 6.67 x 10"! N m? kg? Required Gravitational acceleration = gn =? SolutionAs we know that GM SR By putting the values, we have 6.67*10" x 6x10" (4.87%107)° 40.02 «10'° 8°'33,72%10" = 1.68% 10" x = 0.168 ms? g=0.17 ms? Result Gravitational acceleration = gi, = 0.17 ms” 5.7 The value of g is 4.0 ms~? at a distance of 10000 km from the centre of the Earth. Find the mass of the Earth, Given Data Gravitational acceleration = gy = 4.0 ms* Distance from centre of Earth = R+ h = 10000 km = 10000 km = 1 x 107m Gravitational constant = G = 6.67 x 10! N m? kg? Required Mass of earth = M =? Solution As we know that __GM, ‘ (R+h) By putting the values, we have g,(R+hy G x «107? a, = 420.0210) 6.67% 10 4x10! 6.6710" M=0,599 x 10° Me = 5,99 x 104 x 10" kg Result Mass of Earth = Mc = 6 x 104 kg5.8 At what altitude the value of g would become one fourth than on the surface of the Earth? Given Data Gravitational acceleration = g = 10 m? Gravitational acceleration at height = g, = A 0.25 ms” Gravitational constant = G = 6.67 x 10"! Nm?kg" Mass of earth = M= 6 x 10% kg Required Height of the satellite = h =? Solution As we know that Again we know that eR (R+h) or — (R+h)’ =4R? Taking square root on both sides (Rhy =VaR™ R+h=2R 2R-R R Result Required altitude is equal to one earth’s radius. 5.9 A polar satellite in launched at 850 km above Earth, Find its orbital speed. (LHR 2014) en data: Hight of satellite = h = 850 km 850 « 1000 8.5 < 10°m Mass of earth = Me = 6 10" kg Gravitational constant = 6.673 x 101! Nm? kg? Required: Orbital speed of satellite = Vo=Solution: We know that V, a, (R+h) »(R+h) Putting the value of gn +h) 6.67310 ')(6x10") 64x10" +8.5x10° [4.003810 V_ 7250000 V, = V55224827.59 V, = 7431 ms | Result: Orbital speed of satellite = Vo = 7431 ms! 5.10 A communication satellite is launched at 42000 km above Earth. Find its orbital speed. Given Data Height of satellite = h = 42000 km = 42000 x 10° m= 4.2 x 107m Mass of earth = M = 6 x 10% kg Gravitational constant = G = 6.673 x 101! Navkg? Required Orbital speed of satellite = Vo =? Solution As we know that v,=y8n(R+h) Putting the value of gy, y,= OM (Rin) VR+hy [GM Ye) By putting the values, we have \(6.673*10"')( 6* 10") 7 6.4% 10° +4210" Se 48400000 v, = V8272314.05Vo = 2876 ms™ Result Orbital speed of sate! 2876 ms"