Scribd
Upload
17 views

Webserver

Windows Server provides features like Active Directory for user management and network services like DNS and DHCP. It also allows for server roles like domain services, file storage, virtualization, and remote access. IIS is Microsoft's web server that processes HTTP requests through modules like WAS and passes them between modules until the response is returned. Apache uses multi-processing modules to handle requests across processes. It has a modular architecture that passes requests between core and modules until the response is returned. Both Windows Server and Apache configure access permissions and content delivery through directives in configuration files.

Uploaded by

Hector Onato
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views

Webserver

Windows Server provides features like Active Directory for user management and network services like DNS and DHCP. It also allows for server roles like domain services, file storage, virtualization, and remote access. IIS is Microsoft's web server that processes HTTP requests through modules like WAS and passes them between modules until the response is returned. Apache uses multi-processing modules to handle requests across processes. It has a modular architecture that passes requests between core and modules until the response is returned. Both Windows Server and Apache configure access permissions and content delivery through directives in configuration files.

Uploaded by

Hector Onato
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Servers

Windows Server OS features


= Active Directory – directory service that manages user’s printer, computer etc.
= Network infrastructure services, such as DNS ( domain name system ), or DHCP (dynamic
host protocol services)
= Print servers, Windows update server
= support server hardware

Windows Server Roles


= Active Directory Certificate Services – Dealing with public/private keys
= Active Directory Domain Services – managing users, computers, access permissions
= Application Server – Deploy web applications
= Failover Clustering – create redundant clusters of servers
= Security and Protection – Encryption Method
= Networking – wired and wireless networks
= Network Load Balancing – Distributes network traffic b/w multiple servers
= Networking Policy and Access Services – Network security for wired/wireless networks
= Print and Document Services – Suport for network printers, scanners
= File and storage Service – Network drives
= Hyper V – Supports virtual machines under windows server
= Remote Desktop Services – allows user to work remotely on the server
= Telemetry – Tracking important system events
= Windows Deployment Services = Allows remote installation of Windows on client machines
= Volume Activation = deals with software licences
= Windows Server Update Services = Allows the management of Windows and other software
updates
= Windows Server Backup Feature – Backing up the Server

Internet Information Services (IIS)


= Microsoft’s Web Server
www services of IIS
= HTTP Features – static Content, http errors, http redirections etc.
= Application Development – ASP.NET, CGI etc
= Health and Diagnostics – HTTP logging, Tracing, Logging tools
= Security Features – Basic Authentication, Windows Authentication etc.

IIS Architecture
= Kernel (System Mode) – executing code has access to hardware
= User Mode – executing code has no access to hardware and memory (needs API to access
hardware)
IIS – a request processing architecture that includes
= WAS (Windows Process Activation Service) – enables to use protocols other than HTTP and
HTTPS
= Web server engine that can be customized by adding or removing modules
= Integrated request-process pipelines from IIS and ASP.NET
How IIS process http requests
= When a Client browser initiates http request, http.sys intercept this request
= validity check, if invalid, error code, otherwise ..
= Check if the request is in cache, if so, send the response right away, if not..
= Check if the request is static or dynamic
= HTTP.sys contacts WAS to obtain data from the configuration store (applicationHost.config)
= WWW Service receives the information
= WAS starts a worker process for the application pool
= worker process processes the request and returns a response to http.sys
= client receives the response.

Apache Architecture

MPM – multi-processing module


= MPM handles the multi-processing task so that Apache doesn’t need to worry about OS
= Windows need to use threading
= Forking processes on UNIX/LINUX

APR (Apache Portable Runtime) libraries = cross-platform OS layer and utilities


Apache Core = handles basic functionality such as allocating requests, maintaining and pooling
connections
Apache Modules = Extend/overwrite apache functionalities.
= do not know directly about each other, and not one module alone can process
the request that is made to the apache server
= requests are processed by sending the information from one module back to the
core and back to another module until the request is completely handled, then it is sent back to the
client

Apache operation
=Two-phase operation: start up and operational
= Start up
= Read configurations, load modules and libraries
= Initialized required resources (log files, shared memory, database connection)
= Single process, single thread program and full system privileges
= Operational
= Normal operation by MPM
= Run as unprivileged user

Apache request processing


= Apache splits the request into different phases:
= The request URL is matched with the configuration to select the appropriate content
generator
= MIME file type will be checked
= Access and authentication will be checked to enforce server’s access rule
= Alias or rewrite engine may be used to change the effective URL
Apache configuration
= main config file – httpd.conf
= has Directives – settings for various apache parameters
= has Containers – directives that will take effect on specific entities (directories, files or
URL)

Apache directives – applies to the server as a whole


= basic directives:
= ServerRoot – top of directory, where configuration, errors are kept
= DocumentRoot – directory which you will serve all your documents
= DirectoryIndex – Define the default page
= LoadModule – Load the specific module
= Include – location of additional configuration file

Apache Containers – applies to specific resources: directory, files or urls

default config for - server’s root folder


<Directory /> # / means current directory
AllowOverride none # Cannot override rule
Require all denied # Deny all
</Directory>

default config for server’s document root


<Directory “c:/wamp/www”>
AllowOverride all # Can override rule
Require local # Allow local connection
</Directory>

You might also like