Formula Book

of
Quants
( Time Speed and Distance )

(By Raman Tiwari)

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Formula Book – Time Speed and Distance

– Basic points

1. Distance = Speed x Time,

2. km/hr m/sec
Q. Two ships meet mid-ocean, and then, one ship goes south and the other ship goes west, both travelling at
constant speeds. Two hours later, they are 60 km apart. If the speed of one of the ships is 6 km per hour more
than the other one, then the speed, in km per hour, of the slower ship is CAT22, Slot2

12 18 20 24
Formula 1

● If Distance is constant then “speed is inversely proportional to time”

● If Speed is constant then “Distance is directly proportional to time”

● If Time is constant then “distance is directly proportional to speed”

Example :- A man increased his speed by 37.5% than his usual speed to cover a particular distance , find
how much percent time he will save now ?
Q. Two cars travel the same distance starting at 10:00 am and 11:00 am, respectively, on the same day.
They reach their common destination at the same point of time. If the first car travelled for at least 6 hours,
then the highest possible value of the percentage by which the speed of the second car could exceed that
of the first car is CAT19, Slot 1

20 10 35 25
Q. A train travelled at one-thirds of its usual speed, and hence reached the destination 30 minutes after the
scheduled time. On its return journey, the train initially travelled at its usual speed for 5 minutes but then
stopped for 4 minutes for an emergency. The percentage by which the train must now increase its usual
speed so as to reach the destination at the scheduled time, is nearest to
CAT20, Slot1

58 67 50 61
Formula 2

1. If an object changes its speed from X kmph to Y kmph , and time difference ( T.D.) is given, then,

Distance =

2. If an object changes its speed from X kmph to Y kmph , and total time (T.T.) is given, then

Distance =
Q. Leaving home at the same time, Amal reaches office at 10:15 am if he travels at 8kmph, and at 9:40 am if he
travels at 15 kmph. Leaving home at 9:10 am, at what speed, in kmph, must he travel so as to reach office exactly
at 10:00 am? CAT2020, Slot1

12 11 13 14
Q. A man leaves his home and walks at a speed of 12 km per hour, reaching the railway station 10 minutes
after the train had departed. If instead he had walked at a speed of 15 km per hour, he would have reached
the station 10 minutes before the train's departure. The distance (in km) from his home to the railway
station is: (TITA) CAT17 Slot 1
Formula 3

A and B started from place P and Q at the same time and travelling towards each other to reach Q
and P respectively. After crossing or passing each other they take t1 and t2 time to cover the
remaining distance, then follow the following results ( derivation is on next page )

1. If speed of A and B is X kmph and Y kmph , then

2. If they meet or cross each other after time t, then

3. If distance between A and B is D, then

derivation of last page formulas :-
A and B are two points on a straight line. Ram runs from A to B while Rahim runs from B to A.
After crossing each other, Ram and Rahim reach their destinations in one minutes and four
minutes, respectively. If they start at the same time, then the ratio of Ram's speed to Rahim's
speed is
CAT20, Slot 2

2√2

√2

1/2
Two ants A and B start from a point P on a circle at the same time, with A moving clock-wise
and B moving anti-clockwise. They meet for the first time at 10:00 am when A has covered 60%
of the track. If A returns to P at 10:12 am, then B returns to P at
CAT19, Slot 2

10:27 am

10:25 am

10:45 am

10:18 am
Trains A and B start traveling at the same time towards each other with constant speeds from
stations X and Y, respectively. Train A reaches station Y in 10 minutes while train B takes 9
minutes to reach station X after meeting train A. Then the total time taken, in minutes, by train B
to travel from station Y to station X is
CAT22 , Slot 1

15

12

10
Formula 4

Concept of average speed

1. General Formula, Average Speed =

2. If a man covers d1 , d2 , d3…… distance in time t1 , t2 , t3 ….. , then

3. If a man covers d1 , d2 , d3…… distance in time s1 , s2 , s3 ….. , then

4. If a man divided his journey for equal time period and travel with speed S1, S2, S3…. Sn, then
5. When a man divided his journey into equal parts in terms of distance ( derivation is on next page )

● If a man divided his journey into two equal parts and cover these part with the speed X kmph and Y
kmph , then

● If a man divided his journey into three equal parts and cover these part with the speed X kmph , Y
kmph and Z kmph , then

● Concept of LCM
Example :- A man divided his journey into four equal parts and cover these part with the
speed 10 kmph, 12 kmph, 15 kmph and 20 kmph. Find his average speed ?
Q. One can use three different transports which move at 10, 20, and 30 kmph, respectively. To
reach from A to B, Amal took each mode of transport 1/3 of his total journey time, while Bimal
took each mode of transport 1/3 of the total distance. The percentage by which Bimal's travel
time exceeds Amal's travel time is nearest to
CAT19, Slot 1

22 19 21 20
Formula – 5 ( Relative Speed )

● If two objects are moving in opposite direction , then

Relative speed = sum of speeds

● If two objects are moving in same direction, then

Relative speed = difference of speeds

A thief, after committing the burglary, started fleeing at 12 noon at a speed of 60 km/hr. He was
then chased by a policeman X X started the chase, 15 min after the thief had started, at a speed of
65 km/hr. CAT 1997

1. At what time x catch the thief ?

2. If another policeman had started the same chase along with X, but at a speed of 60 km/h,
then how far behind was he when X caught the thief?
Formula 6 ( question based on stoppage )

If the average speed of an object is X kmph without stoppage and Y kmph with stoppage ( here X > Y )
and we need to find stoppage of the object in minute per t hours

Stoppage ( min./t hrs. ) = here t hrs = a min

Without stopping, the average speed of a train is 90 km/hr, while its average
speed decreases by 10 km/hr when it stops at intermediate stations. For how
many minutes does the train stop in an hour and a half?
FORMULA 7

● If distance is constant, and Speed is in

arithmetic progression then Time will be
harmonic progression

● If distance is constant, and Speed is in

arithmetic progression then Time will be
harmonic progression

● For two number x and y ,

Arithmetic mean =

Geometric mean =

Harmonic mean =
If a man cycles at 10 km/hr, then he arrives at a certain place at 1 pm. If he cycles at 15 km/hr, he
will arrive at the same place at 11 am. At what speed must he cycle to get there at noon?
CAT 2004

(a) 11 km/hr

(c) 13 km/hr

(b) 12km / hr

(d) 14 km/hr
Formula 8

If two bullets are fired or two bomb are blast at an interval of T minutes, a man coming towards
the place or going away from the place hears the second sound after t minutes then follow the
following result

If “ value of t” : “difference between T and t” = a : b

it implies, Speed of sound : Speed of man = a : b

Two guns are fired from the same place at an interval of 6 minutes. A person approaching the
place observes that 5 minutes 52 seconds have elapsed between the hearing of the sound of the
two guns. If the velocity of the sound is 330 m/ sec, then man was approaching that place at
what speed ( kmph )

24 27 30 36
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