Reg. No.

V SEMESTER B.TECH (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING)

END SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, NOVEMBER 2019
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS [ELE 3103]
REVISED CREDIT SYSTEM

Time: 3 Hours Date:20 November 2019 Max. Marks: 50

Instructions to Candidates:
❖ Answer ALL the questions.
❖ Missing data may be suitably assumed.

1A. Let the input voltage applied to the nonlinear square law device is V1(t) = 𝐴𝑐 cos2𝜋𝑓𝑐 𝑡 + m(t)
and the output of the device is represented as 𝑉2 (t) = 𝑎1 𝑉1 (t) + 𝑎2 𝑉 21 (t) , where m(t) is the
message signal and 𝐴𝑐 cos2 𝜋𝑓𝑐 𝑡 is the carrier wave.
a) Evaluate 𝑉2 (t) in terms of standard AM equation.
b) Specify the frequency response that the band pass filter must satisfy in order to
generate an AM signal with fc as carrier frequency, assume m(t) is band limited to
the interval –W ≤f ≤W.
c) What is the amplitude sensitivity of this AM signal? (04)
1B. The local oscillator used for the demodulation of a single tone modulated SSB signal s(t)
has a frequency error ∆f measured with respect to the carrier frequency fc used to generate
s(t). Otherwise, there is perfect synchronism between this oscillator in the receiver and the
oscillator supplying the carrier wave in the transmitter. Evaluate the demodulated signal
by considering the SSB signal s(t) as upper sideband only. (Assume: message signal =
Amcos2𝜋𝑓𝑚 𝑡 , carrier signal = Accos2π fct ) (03)
1C. Suppose that the message signal is given as, m(t) = 10 + 4cos 2𝜋𝑡 +8 cos 4 𝜋𝑡 + 10 cos 20 𝜋𝑡
and the carrier signal to be c(t)=cos2 𝜋𝑓𝑐 𝑡. Specify the frequency response characteristics
of a VSB filter that passes the upper sideband. (03)

2A. Consider an incoming narrow band AM signal of bandwidth 10KHz in a super heterodyne
receiver, and mid band frequency that may lie in the range 0.535MHz and 1.605MHz .It is
required to translate this signal to a fixed frequency band centered at 0.455MHz.Determine
the range of tuning that must be provided in local oscillator for the AM super heterodyne
receiver. (02)
2B. An indirect wideband frequency modulator is used to transmit audio signal with frequency
100Hz. The narrowband phase modulator is supplied with a carrier of frequency
fc= 0.1MHz by a crystal controlled oscillator. A second crystal reference oscillator supplies
a sinusoidal wave of frequency 9.5MHz to the mixer (consider local oscillator frequency is
greater than frequency of first multiplier output). The system specifications are as follows:
Carrier frequency at the transmitter output, ft = 100MHz
Frequency deviation at the transmitter = 75KHz
Modulation index at the Narrow band modulator = 0.2 rad
a) Calculate the frequency multiplication ratios n1 and n2, which will satisfy these
specifications.
b) Specify the values of the frequencies and frequency deviation at various points of
the modulator. (04)
ELE 3103 Page 1 of 3
2C. Let the message signal 𝑚(𝑡) = 6 cos(2 × 102 𝜋𝑡) frequency modulates the carrier signal
𝑐(𝑡) = 8 cos(20 × 106 𝜋𝑡 ) with 𝑘𝑓 = 50Hz/volt. Plot the positive side spectrum of WBFM
signal using Bessel function table (Table 1). Calculate the power of modulated signal
present in the carrier and in the significant side frequency components. (04)

3A. For a message signal x(t) which is a sum of two cosine signals, spectrum is as shown in
Figure Q3A. x(t) is sampled at the rate of 350 samples per second. Sampled signal is passed
through an ideal low pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 200Hz.
i) Sketch the sampled signal
ii) Sketch the spectrum for the output of the LPF
iii) Write an expression for the output of LPF in time domain. (04)
3B. A signal s2(t) shown in Figure Q3B is applied at the input of an integrator and dump circuit.
Plot the output as a function of time. (03)
3C. Figure Q3C shows the spectrum of a message signal x(t). The signal is sampled at a rate
equal to 1 KHz using flat top pulses, with each pulse being of 1V amplitude and of duration
0.1ms. Determine and sketch the spectrum of resulting PAM signal. (03)

2𝐸 𝜋
4A. Consider the transmitted shift keyed signal, si(t) = √ cos (2𝜋fct + i4 ), 0 ≤ t ≤ T, where
𝑇

E- symbol energy, T- symbol duration, i = 1,2,3,4 and fc is an integer multiple of 1/T.

i) Determine the orthonormal basis functions to represent this set of signals.
ii) Determine the coefficients sij of the signal si(t).
iii) Plot the coordinates of message points of si(t) in the signal constellation
diagram. (03)
4B. A binary sequence 1011 is transmitted using the shift keying technique that occupies
maximum channel bandwidth.
(i) Sketch the waveform at the transmitter output.
(ii) With neat block diagram and necessary expressions explain the detection of symbol
‘0’ at the receiver. (04)
4C. Construct complete code tree of a convolution encoder with rate 1/2, constraint length 2
as shown in Figure Q4C. Trace the coded vector for the input sequence (101). (03)

5A. For a (3,1,2) convolution encoder the generator polynomial coefficients (1,1), (1,0) and
(0,1)
a) Draw the convolution encoder using modulo 2 adders and shift registers.
b) Find the coded output for the input sequence (11010) using the same.
c) Represent and verify the generated coded output using state diagram. (04)
5B. For a (7,3) linear block code the parity bits are b0=m1; b1=m1⊕2 m2; b2=m1⊕2 m2; b3=m2.
Consider the last bit in the code vector to be m2. If the received sequence is [1101011] then
evaluate the syndrome vector. If received sequence is erroneous then find the location of
error (03)
5C. Describe the satellite uplink model with block diagram. (03)

ELE 3103 Page 2 of 3

 Figure Q3B
Figure Q3A

Modulo 2
X(f) adder
V1

Output
Input S1

-400 400 f (Hz)

V2
Figure Q3C
Figure Q4C

Table 1. Bessel function table

ELE 3103 Page 3 of 3