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(LECTURE NOTES) Polynomial Functions

A polynomial function is an algebraic expression consisting of terms combined with numbers and variables using mathematical operations like addition and subtraction. It has the general form of a0 + a1x + a2x^2 + ... + anx^n, where n is a non-negative integer and the coefficients a0, a1, ..., an are real numbers. The highest degree term is the leading term and its coefficient is the leading coefficient. Examples of polynomial functions include x^4 + 2x^3 - x^2 + 14x - 56 and 4b^2 - 6b^3 + b - 15. A function is not a polynomial if variables are inside radicals, exponents are not whole numbers, variables are in

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31 views

(LECTURE NOTES) Polynomial Functions

A polynomial function is an algebraic expression consisting of terms combined with numbers and variables using mathematical operations like addition and subtraction. It has the general form of a0 + a1x + a2x^2 + ... + anx^n, where n is a non-negative integer and the coefficients a0, a1, ..., an are real numbers. The highest degree term is the leading term and its coefficient is the leading coefficient. Examples of polynomial functions include x^4 + 2x^3 - x^2 + 14x - 56 and 4b^2 - 6b^3 + b - 15. A function is not a polynomial if variables are inside radicals, exponents are not whole numbers, variables are in

Uploaded by

ARIEL KIM
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION

Review:
Algebraic Expression
• a mathematical phrase combining numbers and/or variables using mathematical operations
• an expression does not contain equality or inequality signs
but may include other operators and grouping symbols
• both sides of an equation are expressions

Terms
 a single number or variable, or numbers and variables
multiplied together
 are separated by + or − signs, or sometimes by divide.

Variable
 A symbol for a value we don't know yet. It is usually a
letter like x or y
 Represented by letters

Coefficient
 refers to a number or quantity placed with a variable
 variable without a number has 1 as its coefficient

Constant
 fixed value
 represented by letters
Type of Polynomial (Number of Terms)
 Monomial = 1 term
 Binomial = 2 terms
 Trinomial = 3 terms
 Polynomial = 4 terms and above
Type of Polynomial (Degree)
 Constant Polynomial = 0
 Linear = 1
 Quadratic = 2
 Cubic = 3
 Quartic = 4
 Quintic = 5
Definition:
POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION
- is a function of the form
n
P ( x ) =an x + an−1 x
n−1
+a n−2 x
n−2
+ …+a1 x+ a0 , a ≠ 0 where n is a nonnegative integer
n a 1 , a0 , a are real
n

numbers called coefficient.


 n
a n x =leading term

 a n=leading coefficient

 a 0=constant
Example: Standard Form
P ( x ) =x 4 +2 x 3 −x2 +14 x−56
4 3 2
y=x + 2 x −x +14 x−56
n 4
a n x =leading term=x
a n=leading coefficient=1
a 0=constant =−56

Another Example:
h(x) = -3x  + 7x  - 12x + x - 2
4 3 2

n
a n x =leading term=¿
a n=leading coefficient =¿
a 0=constant =¿

Another Example:
f(b) = 4b – 6b + b – 15
2 3

n
a n x =leading term=¿
a n=leading coefficient=¿
a 0=constant =¿
POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION OR NOT?
The following statements indicates that the
functions are NOT POLYNOMIAL.

1. The variable of one term is inside the


radical sign.
Ex: √3
5 x −4 2 x+ x

2. The exponents of the variable are NOT


whole numbers.
Ex: 3 1
x 4 +3 x 4 +7 , 2
x √ 3+ √ 3 x + 7

3. The variables are in the denominator.


Ex: 1
3
2 3
+ 4+ 5
2x 3 x 5 x

4. The exponent of one variable is negative.


Ex: −4 x
−100
+4 x
100

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