HEAT & MASS TRANSFER ASSIGNMENT 01 (CLO1 & CLO2) Department of Mechanical Engineering NED University of Engineering & Technology Spring 2023 Date of submission: 10-07-2023 Max. marks: 05 Q41 [CLO1] Air at 10°C and at a pressure of 100 kPais flowing over a plate at a velocity of 3 m/s. Ifthe plate is 30.cm wide ata temperature of 60°C, calculate the following quantities at x=0.3 m @ Boundary Layer thickness Gi) Local friction coefficient (iii) Local shearing stress (iv) Total drag force () Thermal boundary layer thickness (vi) Local convective heat transfer coefficient (vii) Heat transfer from the plate Q2[CLO1 Ina particular solar collector, energy is collected by placing a tube at the focal line of a parabolic collector and passing fluid through the tube. The arrangement results in a uniform heat flux of 2000 W/m? along, the axis of the tube of diameter 60 mm, Determine: (length ofthe tube required to heat the water from 20°C to 80°C, which flows at the rate of 0.01 kg/s, and Gi) surface temperature at the outlet of the tube. Q3 [CLO] Oil at 20°C flows at an average velocity of 2 m/s through a pipeline 30 cm in diameter. A 200 m long section of the pipeline passes through icy water of a lake at 0°C. The measurements reveal that the surface temperature of the pipe is very near to 0°C. Ignoring the thermal resistance of the pipe material, determine: (the temperature of the oil when the pipe leaves the lake, Gi) the rate of heat transfer from the oil, and Gi) pumping power is required to overcome the pressure losses and to maintain the flow of oil in the pipe Q4ICLon) 8) Air ata temperature of 20°C flows through a rectangular duct with a velocity of 10 mis. The duct is 30 cm x 20 cm in size and air leaves at 34°C. Find the heat gain by air when itis passed through a 10 m ong duct b) Ina long annulus (3.5 em inner diameter and 5 cm outer diameter), the water is heated by maintaining the outer surface of the inner tube at 60°C. The water enters at 20°C and leaves at 34°C while its flow rate is 2 m/s. Estimate the heat transfer coefficient. Q5 [CLO2] A condenser is employed in a steam power plant to handle 35,000 kg/h of dry and saturated steam, at 50°C. The cooling water enters the condenser at 15°C and leaves at 25°C. The tubes have 22.5 mm inside diameter and 25 mm outside diameter. The water flows through the tubes at an average velocity of 2 m/s. The heat transfer coefficient on the steam side is 5000 W/m? K. Calculate: i) the mass flow rate of the water, (Gi) the heat transfer surface area, (ii) the number of tubes required for water flow, and (iv) the number of tube passes in the condenser if the length of each tube per pass should not be more than 2.5 m. Ignore thermal resistance of the wall material and assume that the condensate coming out of the condenser is saturated water ic, the steam loses only its latent heat. Take the latent heat of the steam as 2374 ki/kg. The following properties of water at the mean bulk temperature of 20°C may be used: p= 9988 kein? y= 4180NkgK 0 = 1.0006 * 10°m*/s hy 9859 Wim KQ.6 [CLO2] A chemical industry produces 200 tons of sulphuric acid per day when running for 24 hours. The acid is cooled in a counter flow double pipe heat exchanger from 60°C to 40°C. The cooling medium employed is water, which enters the exchanger at 15°C and leaves at 20°C. The acid flows through the inner pipe, while the water flows through the annulus. The inner and outer diameters of the inner pipe are 70 mm and 80 mm, respectively, while that of the outer pipe are 120 mm and 130 mm, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the inner pipe material is 46.5 Wim K. Calculate the (Mass flow rate of the water per hour (ii) Length of the heat exchanger Use the following properties of the water and acid at the mean bulk temperature: Property Water Acid p(kgim’) 998.2 1800 & (klikg'K) 4.18 1.465 y(Wim-K) 0.598 0.302 (mss) 1.006 x 10° 68x 10° Ry (m™K/W) a 0.0002 Pr 701 59.37 Q7 [CLO2] Hot oil is to be cooled by water in a one shell and eight tube passes heat exchanger. The tubes are thin-walled and made of copper with an internal diameter of 1.4 cm, The length of each tube pass in the exchanger is 5 m and the overall heat transfer coefficient is 310 W/m?-K. The water flows through the tubes at the rate of 0.2 kg/s and oil through the shell at arate of 0.3 kg/s. The water and oil enter at temperatures of 20°C and 150°C, respectively. Calculate the rate of heat transfer in the heat exchanger and the outlet temperatures of the water and oil. Take specific heats of the water and oil as 4.18 and 2.13 kI/kg:K, respectively, Q.8 [CLO2] In a shell and tube counter-flow heat exchanger, water flows through a copper tube 20 mm LD. internal diameter) and 23 mm O.D. (outer diameter), while oil flows through the shell. Water enters at 20°C and comes out at 30°C, while oil enters at 75°C and comes out 60°C. The water and oil side convection coefficients are 4500 and 1250 W/m?-°C, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the tube wall is 355 W/m-°C. The fouling factors on the water and oil sides may be taken to be 0.0004 m?-°C/W and 0.001 m-°C/W, respectively. Ifthe length of the tube is 2.4 m, calculate i) the overall heat transfer coefficient, and (Gi) the heat transfer rate. Q9 [CLO2] In an open-heart surgery, under hypothermic conditions, the patient's blood is cooled before the surgery and rewarmed afterwards. It is proposed that a concentric tube, counterflow heat exchanger of length 0.5 m be used for this purpose with a thin-walled inner tube that has a diameter of 55 mm. If water at 60°C and 0.10 kg/s is used to heat the blood entering the exchanger at 18°C and 0.05 kg/s, what is the temperature of the blood leaving the exchanger? The overall heat transfer coefficient is 500 Wim?-K and the specific heat of the blood is 3500 Ikg-K. Q.10 [CLO2} Air at 25°C flows over a cross flow car radiator and cools water from 99°C to 60°C. Water flows at the rate of 4 kg/min through a number of separate passages within the heat exchanger. The mass flow rate of the air is 14 kg/min. If the overall heat transfer coefficient 80 W/mm?-K, determine the required heat transfer area and heat exchanger effectiveness. Assume that the heat transfer surfaces are clean and scale free, the overall heat transfer coefficient is constant, and the air flow over the tubes is mixed.Solution: Given Tk eee P = jookts = \bev Uys sms Woz Zotm= O13" Te = Go'e Kr osm Given propatiey ae, 0 = 113ES His, PE= Ort, ky 20D Ahn Be ants Filme ) P= 1008 KATY Rey = Ee. ors xSHr\TS . 0.5394 eMat t 0153940" & 19408 Ag Pe e5ui0> the flow te lamina a ~ Peet ws = 010RF Bourd ory layer Aloumes , Sx pat Gswnty” (Bub r & weg ) Sx= 0°08 ab Rodeayulor 5pOrd she comet Bona WC, 2 5K = SHE ag Pa? @ ssa) = pr0gis x03 = 0.0065 pub : och gaaction Gebel, Ue = pad. a a Be (ovssane’) Cy, = 0100 2t8 Local -sheoking, Shree, Nyy = (nye OR© = 0.00278 Avdoge shea =px= Dv oe =888.1x 7 (03) «2 4 =125.6 ka/sCalculate the exit temperature of oil by using the equation, —hA, T, =f, —(T, -T, exp} —+* rat -(t tao S| P 18.037 x 188.5 I. =0~(0-20) exp{ SOS? | 125.6x1881 T, =19.71°C (d) Calculate the logarithmic temperature difference by using the equation. AT, — AT, AT, =—+—+ wn( te al, _(19.71-0)—(20-0) - (19.71-0) “(0 =19,87°C | Calculate the rate of heat transfer by using the equation, O=haA.AT,, OQ =18.037x 188.5 x (19.87) O=6.75x10" W40° Ox DX D-105A 12 9418 w~wIN = 6495 tb.)Sd Giren PB we ether webs % “i Pass9-a yl ; () i Cause Toone \| ae — K>0°S99 Wane: ——— —~ : : Veloce Age ary, 4 Mi Prcpothes S| ped | Ps sess wo L. Cy = rues Shug brome K=0-309 Wee ‘ N=669 tert ot), ‘ 3 oe naka” Ped beh Te esciscc Ve bre Tee = 0°C_ Tao > 40% « : t Tree Pie ( Ais O-0A mw | Sh -o-08m ) Oude. Pie ( Aieotomn Aeon! Mo wets 3° UbeS Wow . MM pate = D-Cox\0> . pete 2Coxto” = [8549 38 Gh,Fer Pps * Flom ed len 6 beni oer: ‘ ~Qnor = Qeou Let am. be mes flow e! Caley rider <- Oy Com (Tui —“Tas )= Gye ( Teo = DIPr9 x fs dic a sna 49 (90-15) F fe taneube Re- Badr Dn Neloat Yo. _u Soe ae > va = Ua . i § Ray : BUA os Re Unin = 44993332 2 WKS al: ue Bel roe0F xBb00 ¥ WAP: Yi. HG a) i - boxe. “steno st 46S AO” = sA2t- «Dec 2 Dyer Bother Ean hye» 0-09 Re. Sunes Nu=0-03%( (weonPy 8( sr Shiai 2 <5bee FA" Jo Dn- UA (ded) ~ do-dy = ortgy—ord= Ol Rlderdi) :om fete = = Um = 4ahhbOa-6 ids aed ANP Sax 01 adb00 M006 x1G* ya =>. > Ye = UNG a9 -4y- Ye wits - \eetnderetataninean =*o!" o°sa8 Nu 0:08 (ey "(ay ‘ Nu = 07093 (411699 wy 8 (aon 7" Nu= \ sss Ne, \eeSSpROSHE = 12020'90 Ve oro) iL. +a A(t) he dy ba nf 0208 Lek ~bo tt A Suey, 3000 Days MOS ee 4 Ae NSS Ue xo" | Blue = tien eee (b0-30)- (40-18) = 2 Wo = Jue HE in) a Q = UA tune wbx tax\o00 (xo OP) A ONS et ae 2 SB Seed a ap00 \\68 Aye) = BB6rO8S A (aia).S OULEL lemperarures are NOt Menuoned, use IN] U metnod. ph for oil= 2,13k0keK or 2.13 kVke °C pe for water=4.18kI/ke K or 4.18 kI/kg°C ind the heat capacity rates of hot and cold fluids separately ie Mit =O.3kge/sx2.13kI/kgK =0.639kWK eeld = Megit *€ pe =O.2ke’sx4.18kI/ko K =0.836 kWK in = Cy, = 0.639 KW/K Cais, “eo _ 0.639 ~ 0.836 = 0.764 ‘alcul ate the maximum heat transfer rate. Dai 7~ ‘rin (Thoe,in~ Toot in) = 0.639x (150-20) =83.1kWeae {=ncDL =87(0.014mx5m) =1.76m* ‘alculate the number of transfer units: VTU = UAL Cosi _310 W/m? K x1.76m? - 639 WK = 0.8538 ‘he effectiveness of Heat exchanger with respect to c= 0.764 and. ITU=0.8538, is ¢= 47% = 0.47 ‘Use Effectiveness of heat exchanger charts from any standardtex ook shown for reference) 100 Effectiveness &, % (6) One-shell pass and 2,4, 6, ... tube passes ‘alculate the rate of heat transfer, 2= 8 Qua =047x83.1 =39.1kW Answer ind the hot outlet and cold outlet temperatures: 2 = Cp (Thexsn ~The oe ) 9.1kW=0.3 kg/s(2.13 kI/kg°C)(150°C - Tyo, axe) joo =88.8°C Answer pe (That ue Tea) 9.1kW = 0.2 kp/s(4.18 kI/kg.°C) (Tog oue°C—20) lad ow =66-8°C <= Answereae {=ncDL =87(0.014mx5m) =1.76m* ‘alculate the number of transfer units: VTU = UAL Cosi _310 W/m? K x1.76m? - 639 WK = 0.8538 ‘he effectiveness of Heat exchanger with respect to c= 0.764 and. ITU=0.8538, is ¢= 47% = 0.47 ‘Use Effectiveness of heat exchanger charts from any standardtex ook shown for reference) 100 Effectiveness &, % (6) One-shell pass and 2,4, 6, ... tube passes ‘alculate the rate of heat transfer, 2= 8 Qua =047x83.1 =39.1kW Answer ind the hot outlet and cold outlet temperatures: 2 = Cp (Thexsn ~The oe ) 9.1kW=0.3 kg/s(2.13 kI/kg°C)(150°C - Tyo, axe) joo =88.8°C Answer pe (That ue Tea) 9.1kW = 0.2 kp/s(4.18 kI/kg.°C) (Tog oue°C—20) lad ow =66-8°C <= Answeref =36C Too -60', | hg- 4Sco wl nt % he= 1250 W/ iter Rée = 0-001 m/w) imp > Tete Teo - (Teo - Tut) a = tn Mn Te,?- Tore Toyo Tus, ? Oliewey (4S -20) - (Ze - 26)Sir. Assume How s - D Heat tosc to SewBoonstings |S Mog Ugl bie Hor. @D- Cowtonk prore? From table, FOr wokey ak Tc eg pe Coys UISZ Eley ° csumd ole 24 We Nour Ob Teo is & U> Seow) RE Biopd MC, Cee —— t e Heat extuonges cays - NTU mMetrod Heok copocity sates ee het & word guid Arenas Boa ues = UIE, Cor MeCRe = OOS x 350 =F LIS Ye, Guin s Ce , Cmar = Ctr Keak Comoci " roi, Cys Uw Umar Se otys WAS ep u2 —>O. WED a) Aa We Le, NIU: VA —_s@ cmv. ; “, SLBMUCNEKG ULNA 6 Cay Vatues in Cay 'O. NTUr Spon HAG OsS¥ XBL = b 24U68. VA momma NWS O&O OUEE and Grp aye ATOM AEH, €: |- ere mw (1-6) Iv te exe Nw) ) \- exe (-o 2uce Cie eayy) our ereC- o2uee Cr oual 7 €- db wq se O 2t — FA Max eat — Avomke> wate Anon = LAS & (g23- 241) = ABsSO WwW —>@) NO , KLRECHNewess Of THQ Let “Rx Chonger ay ce Vv +6 Arno Ov = See - 2a1) & AIS wW OU KAR ar = 26.422, Tuo = . + 4 -. We fe . : 2 mp % blood Asounyy WB = DG ee,J , Zs , = “a J Mme tye (Tuteg) = rn pe Cac) Vox 006 (u-36)= Yor 186 : fu= 54.qear& b] me lpc= (5090 Mnph= na fe My lonpnctpe C2 Effdivete! = tc. Sy 464-30. Te" q 4a— -30 & =0+4S 0 CJ ype DT hs Ty Hey = 34 O87 t Maz Shed =3e* IMTD - 24:0394-3h po (2H Dic batt ©). Pelpe AT [ietere arg KESKAK BS 9226 = oie ee oA bu — a “a Azad [mM 5 Ss 2 oem 4