General

Mathematics

iii
 Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Evaluating Functions

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

MODULES FROM CENTRAL OFFICE

iv
 What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced

to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and
skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice

to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the

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OFFICE answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or

blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what
you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help

you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or
concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to

you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the

lesson learned. This also tends retention of

learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.

v
At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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OFFICE

vi
 MODULES FROM CENTRAL
OFFICE
What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the key concepts of functions specifically on evaluating functions. The
scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. recall the process of substitution;

2. identify the various types of functions; and
3. evaluate functions.

What I Know
MODULES FROM CENTRAL
OFFICE
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which of the following is a polynomial function?

7
a. f (x) = 2x2 −10x + c. p(x) = x3 −7

b. g(x) = 4x2 −3x +8s(x) = 2m −1

d.

2. What kind of function is being illustrated by f (x) =2x3 −3x+ 5 ?

a. Rational Function c. Greatest Integer Function
b. Constant Function d. Absolute Value Function
3. Find the function value given h(x) =17+8x of x=4d .
d
a. 17−32 c. 17+32d

b. 17−32d2 d. 17+32d2
4. Which of the following shows a logarithmic function?

a. f (x) = 8x3 +8 c. f (x) = 3x − 6

81
b. f (x) = log9 d. f (x) = x −1 −8

5. Find the function value given h(x) =7x−11, if x=8m+3.

10
a. 56m+ c. 56m2 +10
10
b. 56m− d. 56m2 −10
6. Which of the following is the value of the function f (x) =3x2 −15x +
5+ 3 given
x = 3?
a. 25 c. 19
b. 16 d. 10
7. Evaluate the function h(x) = x +31 given x = 2.5.

a. 34 c. -33
b. -34 d. 33
8. Give the value of the of the function c(x) = 5x3 −18 at c(3).
a. 117 c. 153
b. 27 d. 63
9. Evaluate: h(x) = 5x2 −8x +12 given x = 5.
a. 22 c. 97
b. 145 d. -3

10. Find the value of the function h(x) = 5x2 −4 if x=6.

a. 80 c. 16

b. 2 19 d. 4

11. Evaluate the function f (x) = 3x2 −5x + 2 given x=2x+5.

52
a. 12x2 +50x+ c. 12x2 −50x+52

MODULES FROM CENTRAL

b.

OFFICE 12x +65x+77 12x −65x+77

2 d. 2

12. Given h(x) = , determine h(5).

a. -15 c. 15
b. −

d.
13. Evaluate the function k(x) = 5x if x= .

a. 3 5 c. 5

b. 25 d. 3 25

2x2 −3x+7
14. Given g(x) = , determine g(2). 3x−4

a.

c.
b. − −
d.

+
15. For what values of x can we not evaluate the function f (x) = 3xx 2 − 7 4 ?

a. ±4 c. ±2
b. ±3 d. ±1

Lesson

1 Evaluating Functions

Finding the value of “x” for most of the students is what Mathematics is all about.
Sometimes, it seems to be a joke for the students to evaluate an expression, like what
is shown by the illustration.

Find x.
Here it is!

If you want to learn how to find the value of “y”, well then, you are in the right
page. WELCOME to your second module!
 MODULES FROM CENTRAL
OFFICE
What’s In

Before we begin, let’s go back to the time when you first encounter how to evaluate
expressions.

Do you still remember?

Given the following expressions, find its value if x = 3.

1. x−9

2. 3x+ 7

3. x2 +4x−10

4. 2x2 −6x + 26

5. 3x2 −6

We have learned that, in an algebraic expression, letters can stand for numbers.
And to find the value of the expression, there are two things that you have to do.

1. Replace each letter in the expression with the assigned value.

First, replace each letter in the expression with the value that has been
assigned to it. To make your calculations clear and avoid mistakes, always

enclose the numbers you're substituting inside parentheses. The value that's
given to a variable stays the same throughout the entire problem, even if the
letter occurs more than once in the expression.

However, since variables "vary", the value assigned to a particular variable can
change from pr oblem to problem, just not within a single problem.

2. Perform the operations in the expression using the correct order of

operations.
Once you've substituted the value for the letter, do the operations to find the
 value of the expression. Don't forget to use the correct order of operations:
first do any operations involving exponents, then do multiplication and
division, and finally do addition and subtraction!

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OFFICE
If in the activity above, you do the same process in order to arrive with these answers,
then, this module seems to be very easy to you.

Solutions:

Given the following expressions, find its value if x = 3.

1. x−9
Since x = 3, we just replaced
= x−9 x by 3 in the expression,
then subtract by 9.
= (3)−9
=−6

2. 3x+ 7

= 3x + 7 Following the steps, we just

= 3(3) + 7 replace x by 3, multiply it by the
= 9 +7 numerical coefficient 3, then add
7
=16
3. x2 +4x −10
2
After replacing x by 3, we
= x + 4 x −10 get the squared of 3 which
2
is 9, add it to the product
= (3) + 4(3) −10
of 4 and 3, then lastly, we
= 9 +12 −10 subtracted 10 from its
=11 sum.

4. 2x 2 −6x + 26
2 Simply each term inside
= 2 x − 6 x + 26 the parenthesis in order to
2
= 2(3) − 6(3) + 26 arrive with 18 subtracted
by 18 plus 26
= 18 −18 + 26
= 26

5. 3x3 −6
3 Get the cubed of 3 which is
= 3x −6
3
27, then multiply it to 3 to
= 3(3) −6 get 81 then subtract 6
= 3(27) −6
= 81 −6
MODULES FROM CENTRAL OFFICE
= 75

Types of Functions

What’s New

Before you proceed to this module, try to look and analyze some of the common types
of functions that you might encounter as you go on with this module.

Types of Description Example

Function
Constant A constant function is a function that has y=7
Function the same output value no matter what
your input value is. Because of this, a
constant function has the form f (x) = b,
where b is a constant (a single value that
does not change).
Identity Function The identity function is a function which f (2) = 2
returns the same value, which was used
as its argument. In other words, the
 identity function is the function f (x)
= x , for all values of x.
Polynomial Function A polynomial function is defined by
y = a0 + a1x + a2x2 +...+ anxn, where n
is a

non-negative integer and a0 , a1,

a2 ,…, n R.
 Linear Function The polynomial function with degree y = 2x +5
one. It is in the form y = mx+b
 Quadratic Function If the degree of the polynomial y = 3x2 + 2x + 5
function is two, then it is a quadratic
function. It is expressed as y = ax2
+bx+ c , where a ≠ 0
and a, b, c are constant and x is a
variable.
 Cubic Function A cubic polynomial function is a y = 5x3 + 3x2 + 2x +
polynomial of degree three and can
be denoted by f (x) = ax3 +bx2 + cx + d
, where
a ≠ 0 and a, b, c, and d are constant
& x is a variable.
Power Function A power function is a function in the f (x) = 8x5
form y = axb where b is any real
constant
number. Many of our parent
functions such as linear functions
and quadratic functions are in fact
power functions.

Rational

Function MODU LES FROM OFFICE

x2 −3x +2
CENTRAL A rational f (x) = 2 4
function is any function which x−
can be represented by a rational
fraction p(x)
say, in which numerator, p(x) and
q(x)

denominator, q(x) are polynomial

functions of x, where q(x) ≠ 0.
Exponential function These are functions of the y = 2x
form: y = abx ,
where x is in an exponent and a and
b are constants. (Note that only b is
raised to the power x; not a.) If the
base b is greater than 1 then the
 result is exponential growth.

Logarithmic Function Logarithmic functions are the y = log7 49

inverses of exponential functions,
and any exponential function can be
expressed in logarithmic form.
Logarithms are very useful in
permitting us to work with very large
numbers while manipulating
numbers of a much more
manageable size. It is written in the
form
y = logb x x 0, where b 0 and b
1
Absolute Value The absolute value of any number, c
Function is represented in the form of |c|. If
any
5
 function f: R→ R is defined by f (x) = x , it is y= x
known as absolute value function. For −4+2
each non-negative value of x, f(x) = x and
for each negative value of x, f(x) = -x, i.e.,
f(x) = {x, if x ≥ 0; – x, if x < 0.
Greatest Integer If a function f: R→ R is defined by f(x) = f (x) = x+1
Function [x], x X. It round-off to the real number
where x is
to the integer less than the number.
the greatest
Suppose, the given interval is in the form
integer function
of (k, k+1), the value of greatest integer
function is k which is an integer.

What is It

Evaluating function is the process of determining the value of the function at the
number assigned to a given variable. Just like in evaluating algebraic expressions,
to evaluate function you just need to a.) replace each letter in the expression with
the assigned value and b.) perform the operations in the expression using the

correct MODULES FROM

order of operations.

CENTRAL OFFICE
Look at these examples!

Example 1: Given f (x) = 2x − 4, find the value of the function if x = 3.

Solution: f (3) = 2(3) − 4

f (3) = 6−4 f (3) = 2

  Substitute 3 for x in the
function.

Simplify the expression on the
right side of the equation.
Answer: Given f (x) = 2x − 4, f (3)
=
2
Example 2: Given g(x) = 3x2 + 7 , find
g(−3 ).
Solution:

g(−3) = 3(−3)2 +7 Substitute -3 for x in the


function.
g(−3) = 3(9)+7
 Simplify the expression on the
g(−3) = 27+7 g(−3) = right side of the equation.

34

Answer: Given g(x) = 3x2 + 7 , g(−3) = 34

Example 3: Given p(x) = 3x2 +5x − 2, find p(0) and p(−1).

Solution:

p(0) =3(0)2 +5(0)−2

p(0) =3(0)+0−2
Treat each of these like two
p(0) = 0+0−2 p(0) =−2 separate problems. In each
case, you substitute the value
in for x and simplify. Start with
p(0) =3(−1)2 +5(−1)−2 x = 0, then x=-1 .
p(0) =3(1)−5−2

p(0) =3−5−2 p(0) =−4

Answer: Given p(x) = 3x2 +5x − 2, p(0) =−2, p(−1) =−4 Example
4: Given f (x) = 5x +1, find f (h+1) .
 This time, you substitute (h +
Solution: 1) into the equation for x.

f (h +1) = 5(h +1)+1  Use the distributive property

on the right side, and then
MODULES combine like terms to simplify.

FROM CENTRAL OFFICEf (h +1) = 5h +5+1

 Substitute 9 for x in the function.

 f (h +1) = 5h +6  Simplify the expression on the
right side of the equation.
Answer: Given f (x) = 5x +1, f
(h+1) = 5h+6

Example 5: Given g(x) = 3x−2 , find g(9).

Solution:

g(9) = 3(9)−2 g(9) = 27−2

g(9) = 25 g(9) =5

Answer: Given g(x) = 3x−2 , g(9) = 5

Example 6: Given h(x) = , find the value of function if x=−5

Solution:
h(−5) =
 Substitute -5 for x in the function.

 Simplify the expression on the right

h(−5) side of the equation. (recall the
concepts of integers and simplifying
fractions)
=

h(−5) = h(−5) =

Answer: Given h(x) = , h(−5) =

Example 7: Evaluate f (x) = 2x if x = .

Solution:

f 3
2
 3
2
 Substitute for x in the function.
2 f 3 23

2  Simplify the expression on the right

MODULES FROM CENTRAL

OFFICEf 3 2 8 side of the equation. (get the cubed
of 2 which is 8, then simplify)

f 3 4•2
2

f 3 22
2

f
Answer: Given f (x) = 2x, 3 2
2 2

x
Example 8: Evaluate the function h(x) = x +2where is the greatest integer
function given x= 2.4.

Solution:  Substitute 2.4 for x in the function.


h(2.4) = 2.4 + 2 Simplify the expression on the right
side of the equation. (remember that
h(2.4) = 2 + 2 in greatest integer function, value
h(2.4) = 4 was rounded-off to the real number
to the integer less than the number)

Answer: Given h(x) = x +2, h(2.4) = 4

Example 9:Evaluate the function f (x) = x −8 where x −8 means the absolute value
of x−8 if x= 3.

Solution: f (3) = 3−8 f (3) =

 Substitute 3 for x in the function.
−5 f (3) = 5
 Simplify the expression on the right
side of the equation. (remember that
any number in the absolute value
sign is always positive)
Answer: Given f (x) = x −8 , f (3) =
5
Example 10: Evaluate the function f (x) = x2 − 2x + 2 at f (2x −3).

Solution:

f (2x −3) = (2x −3)2 −2(2x −3)+2 f

 Substitute 2x−3 for x in the
(2x −3) = (4x2 −12x +9)−4x +6+2 f function.
(2x −3) = 4x2 −12x +9−4x +6+2  Simplify the expression on
the
f (2x −3) = 4x2 −12x −4x +9+6+2 right side of the equation.

MODULES
FROM CENTRAL OFFICEf (2x −3) = 4x −16x +17 2

What’s More

Your Turn!
Independent Practice 1: Fill Me
Evaluate the following functions by filling up the missing parts of the solution.

1. f (x) = 3x −5, find f (2) Solution:

f (2) = ___________________
f (2) = 6−5 f (2) =
___________________

2. g(x) = 32x , find g(6) Solution:

g(6) = _________________ g(6)
=312 g(6) = _________________

3. k(a) = a −2, find k(−9)

Solution:
 k(−9) = ______________
k(−9) = 9−2 k(−9) =
______________

4. p(a) =−4a − 2, find p(2a)

Solution:

p(2a) = ______________ p(2a)

= ______________

5. g(t) = t2 − 2, find g(−2)

Solution:

g(−2) = ________________

MODULES FROM CENTRAL

OFFICEg(−2) = ________________
g(−2) = ________________

Independent Assessment 1: Evaluate!

Evaluate the following functions. Write your answer and complete solution on
separate paper.

1. Given w(n) = n −1, find the value of the function if w = -1.

2. Given f (x) = x −3, find f (9.3).

3. Evaluate the function w(x) =−2x +3 if x = -1.

4. Evaluate: f (x) =−x −1, find f (a2)

5. Given f (x) = 4x −5, find f (2x +3)

Independent Practice 2: TRUE or SOLVE!

Analyze the following functions by evaluating its value. Write TRUE of the indicated
answer and solution is correct, if not, rewrite the solution to arrive with the correct
answer on the space provided.

1. Evaluate f (t) = 2t −3; f (t2)

Solution: Answer:
f (t2) = 2(t2)−3

f (t2) = 2t2 −3

2. Given the function g ( x ) = 5 x −13 , find g(9) .

Solution:
g (9) = 5(9) −13
Answer:
g (9) = 45 −13
g (9) = 32
g (9) =16 2

3. Given the function f (x) = , find the value of the function if x=−3.

Solution:

MODULES Answer:

FROM CENTRAL OFFICEf (−3) =

f (−3) =

f (−3) = f (−3) =−2

4. Evaluate the function f (x) = x2 −3x +5 at f (3x −1).

Solution:
Answer:
f (3x −1) = (3x −1)2
−3x +5 f (3x −1) =9x2 −6x +1−3x +5 f (3x −1) =9x2
−9x +6

5. Evaluate: g(x) = 3x if x =
 Solution:
g 4 3

3 Answer:
4 3
34
3 =
g

4 3

3 =
g 81

4 3

3 =
g 27 • 3

4
33 3
3 =
g

Independent Assessment 2: Find my Value!

Evaluate the following functions. Write your solution on a separate paper.
1. g(x) = 5x −7; g(x2 +1)
Answer: _______________________

2. h(t) = x2 +2x+4; h(2)

Answer: _______________________

3. MODULES FROM CENTRAL

k(x

OFFICE) = k(−3) ;

Answer: _______________________

4. f (x) = 2x2 +5x −9; f (5x −2)

Answer: _______________________
5. g(p) = 4x ; x =

Answer: _______________________

What I Have Learned

A. Complete the following statements to show how you understood the different types
of functions. Answer using your own words,
1. A polynomial function is _______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________. 2.
An exponential function _______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
3. A rational function ____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________. 4.
An absolute value function ____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________. 5.
A greatest integer function ____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.

B. Fill in the blanks to show how we evaluate functions.

Evaluating function is the process of ___________________________ of the function at

the _________________ assigned to a given variable. Just like in evaluating algebraic
expressions, to evaluate function you just need to ________________________________
in the expression with the assigned value, then _________________________________ in
the expression using the correct order of operations. Don’t forget to
_______________________ your answer.

What I Can Do

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OFFICE
In this part of the module, you will apply your knowledge on evaluating functions in
solving real-life situations. Write your complete answer on the given space.

1. Mark charges ₱100.00 for an encoding work. In addition, he charges ₱5.00 per page
of printed output.

a. Find a function f(x) where x represents the number page of printed out.

b. How much will Mark charge for 55-page encoding and printing work?

2. Under certain circumstances, a virus spreads according to the function:

 1
P(t) = 1+15(2.1) −0.3t

Where where P(t) is the proportion of the population that has the virus (t) days
after the acquisition of virus started. Find p(4) and p(10), and interpret the results.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is not a polynomial function?

a. f (x) = 2x −10
b. g(x) = 4x2 −3x +8

c. p(x) = x3 −7
d. s(x) =3x −4−9
−
3x 11
2. What kind of function is being illustrated by f (x) = ? x+7
a. Rational Function
b. Constant Function
c. Greatest Integer Function
d. Absolute Value Function
3. Find the function value given h(x) = 9−5x of x= 3m.
a. 9−15m

MODULES FROM CENTRAL

b.

OFFICE 9 −15m 2

c. 9+15m
d. 9 +15m2
4. Which of the following shows an exponential function?
a. f (x) = 3x +8
b. f (x) = 2x3 − 7

c. f (x) = 3x −6

d. f (x) = x −8
5. Find the function value given h(x) = 3x −8, if x= 9a+1.
a. 27a+ 5
b. 27a−5
c. 18a+11
d. 18a−11

a. ................................................................................................................ 2

b. 27a−5 ............................................................................................................ 19
c. 18a+11........................................................................................................... 19
d. 18a−11 ......................................................................................................... 19

7. Evaluate the function h(x) = x −11 given x = 3.5.

a. -8
b. 8
c. -9
d. 9
8. Give the value of the of the function c(x) = 3x2 −36 at c(5).
a. -21
b. 14
c. 111
d. 39
9. Evaluate: h(x) = 5x3 −3x + 9 given x = 3.
a. 45
b. 63
c. 135
d. 153

10. Find the value of the function f (x) = 2x2 +3 if x= 6.

a. 75
b. 5 3
c. 15
d. 2 3

11. Evaluate MODULES the function FROM

CENTRAL OFFICEf (x) = 2x −3x +1 2 given x= 3x−5.

a. f (3x −5) =18x2 − 69x + 66

 b. f (3x −5) =18x2 −63x +51

c. f (3x −5) =18x2 + 69x − 66

d. f (3x −5) =18x2 + 63x −51 x2 −3

12. Given g(x) = , determine g(5). 2

a. 11
b.

c. -11
d. −

13. Evaluate the function g(x) = 3x if x = .

a. 3 243
b. 243
c. 9 3
d. 33 9
x2 −2x +5
14. Given g(x) = , determine g(4). x +3
a.

b. −

c.

d. −

+
x 4
15. For what values of x can we not evaluate the function f (x) = x2 − 9 ? a. ±4
b. ±3
c. ±2
d. ±1

Additional Activities
 MODULES FROM CENTRAL
OFFICE
Difference Quotient f (x+h)− f (x) this quantity is called difference quotient.
Specifically, the difference

h
quotient is used in the discussion of the rate of change, a fundamental concept
in calculus.

Example: Find the difference quotient for each of the following function.

A. f(x) = 4x - 2

B. f(x) = x2

Solution:

A. f(x) = 4x - 2

f (x+h)=4(x+h)−2=4x+4h−2 f
(x+h)− f (x) 4x+4h−2−(4x−2)
=

hh
4x+4h−2−4x+2)
=h

4h
=h

=4
B. f(x) = x2

f (x+h) = (x+h)2 = x2 + 2hx+h2 f

(x+h)− f (x) x2 + 2hx+h2 −(x)2
=
h h x2 + 2hx+h2
−(x)2
=
h
 2hx+h2 =
h
= 2x+h

YOUR TURN!

f (x+h)− f (x)
Find the value of , h ≠ 0 for each of the following function. h

1. f (x) = 3x + 4

2. g(x) = x2 +3

MODULES FROM CENTRAL

OFFICE

Answer Key
 TRUE 5.
8 5. 4. 5.
4. 4.
2 3.
13 - 3. 2. 5 3.
6 2.
2. TRUE 1. 2 - 1.
1. Independent Practice 2 Independent Assessment 1

Independent Assessment 2

5.

LES FROM CENTRAL

MODU OFFICE 4.

C15.
B15. A14.
C14. 3.
D13.
D13. C12.
A12. A11.
A11. B10.
B10. C 9.
2.
C 9. A 8.
D 8. D 7.
A 7. B 6.
C 6. A 5.
B 5. 1. B 4.
C 4. C 3.
A 3. D 2.
A 2. Independent Practice 1
A 1.
D 1.
What's More
Know
Assessment What I