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Topic 2 Worksheet and Notes

The document contains notes and worksheets on arithmetic progressions (AP), geometric progressions (GP), sequences, series, and solving systems of equations. It includes examples of: [1] Solving systems of equations; [2] Finding two numbers given their sum and difference; [3] Finding costs of items separately given total costs; [4] Solving quadratic equations; [5] Solving logarithmic and exponential equations; [6] Definitions and formulas for sequences, series, APs, and GPs; [7] Examples of finding common differences, nth terms, sums of sequences.

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Caletha Burton
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views

Topic 2 Worksheet and Notes

The document contains notes and worksheets on arithmetic progressions (AP), geometric progressions (GP), sequences, series, and solving systems of equations. It includes examples of: [1] Solving systems of equations; [2] Finding two numbers given their sum and difference; [3] Finding costs of items separately given total costs; [4] Solving quadratic equations; [5] Solving logarithmic and exponential equations; [6] Definitions and formulas for sequences, series, APs, and GPs; [7] Examples of finding common differences, nth terms, sums of sequences.

Uploaded by

Caletha Burton
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 2 – Worksheet with notes and A.P & G.

P
1. Solve the systems of equations for the unknowns.
i) 2a+4b = 14
4a−4b = 4

ii) 6x+y = 18
4x+y = 14

iii) 3m+2n = 8
2m+5n = −2

2. The sum of two number is 14 and their difference is 2. Find the numbers.
3. The sum of two number is 2 and their difference is 8. Find the numbers.
4. Two pens and one eraser cost $35 and 3 pencil and four erasers cost $65. Find
the cost of pencil and eraser separately.

5. Solve the following equations:

a. 2x2 +6 x = 0
b. x2 – 8 = 1
c. x2 +7 x +10 = 0
d. - x2 +2 x +8 = 0
e. 2x2 – x –3 = 0
f. - 3x2 - 2 x +5 = 0

6.
a. 4x = 64
b. 2x = 10
c. 5x +3= 128
d. 3x+1 – 2 = 241
e. 3(2x-1)= 768
7.
a. Log x = 2
b. Log3 x = 2
c. Log3 (2x + 1) = 4
d. Log2 (x + 1) - Log2 (5x + 3) = 0
e. Log(3x + 1) - Log2 (x + 4) = 2
f. log 2 ( 3x − 4 ) + log 2 ( x − 1) = 3

Prepared by J. Bennett 13/2/2023


Quadratic equation in standard form

The quadratic formula is used to solve quadratic equations. Consider


a quadratic equation in standard form:

Given the quadratic equation, ax2 + bx + c = 0, then


−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎

Instructions: Solve the equation below using two methods.

Prepared by J. Bennett 13/2/2023


Sequence and series are the basic topics in Arithmetic. An itemized collection of
elements in which repetitions of any sort are allowed is known as a sequence, whereas a
series is the sum of all elements. An arithmetic progression is one of the common
examples of sequence and series.

• In short, a sequence is a list of items/objects which have been arranged in a


sequential way.
• A series can be highly generalized as the sum of all the terms in a sequence.
However, there has to be a definite relationship between all the terms of the
sequence.
The fundamentals could be better understood by solving problems based on the formulas.
They are very similar to sets but the primary difference is that in a sequence, individual
terms can occur repeatedly in various positions. The length of a sequence is equal to the
number of terms and it can be either finite or infinite. This concept is explained in a
detailed manner in Class 11 Maths. With the help of definition, formulas and examples
we are going to discuss here the concepts of sequence as well as series.

Sequence and Series Definition


A sequence is an arrangement of any objects or a set of numbers in a particular order
followed by some rule. If a1, a2, a3, a4,……… etc. denote the terms of a sequence, then
1,2,3,4,…..denotes the position of the term.
A sequence can be defined based on the number of terms i.e. either finite sequence or
infinite sequence.
If a1, a2, a3, a4, ……. is a sequence, then the corresponding series is given by
SN = a1+a2+a3 + .. + aN
Note: The series is finite or infinite depending if the sequence is finite or infinite.

Types of Sequence and Series


Some of the most common examples of sequences are:

• Arithmetic Sequences
• Geometric Sequence

Arithmetic Sequences
A sequence in which every term is created by adding or subtracting a definite number to
the preceding number is an arithmetic sequence.

Prepared by J. Bennett 13/2/2023


Geometric Sequences
A sequence in which every term is obtained by multiplying or dividing a definite number
with the preceding number is known as a geometric sequence.

Sequence and Series FORMULAE:

Prepared by J. Bennett 13/2/2023


Examples
Question 1: If 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22… is a sequence, Find:

1. Common difference

2. nth term

3. 21st term

Solution: Given sequence is, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22 …

a) The common difference = 7 – 4 = 3

b) The nth term of the arithmetic sequence is denoted by the term Tn and is given

by Tn = a + (n-1)d, where “a” is the first term and d is the common difference.

Tn = 4 + (n – 1)3 = 4 + 3n – 3 = 3n + 1

c) 21st term as: T21 = 4 + (21-1)3 = 4+60 = 64.

Question 2: Consider the sequence 1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 1024….. Find the common

ratio and 9th term.

Solution: The common ratio (r) = 4/1 = 4

The preceding term is multiplied by 4 to obtain the next term.

The nth term of the geometric sequence is denoted by the term Tn and is given by

Tn = ar(n-1)

where a is the first term and r is the common ratio.

Here a = 1, r = 4 and n = 9

So, 9th term is can be calculated as T9 = 1* (4)(9-1)= 48 = 65536.

Prepared by J. Bennett 13/2/2023


Question 3: If 43, 39, 35, 31, 27… is a sequence, Find:

1. Common difference

2. nth term

3. 21st term

4. Sum of the first 10 terms.

5. Sum of the first 25 terms.

Question 4: Consider the sequence 3, 9, 81, 243 ... Find the 7th term and the

sum of the first 8 terms.

Prepared by J. Bennett 13/2/2023

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