Physics (Vol- il)=

SYNOPSIS 4
Newton's III law:
For every action there is an
that force
equal and opposite reaction. With this law. it in
always exists in action-reaction pair. Single force can never exit clear
1. Let us consider block suspended by the string. Earth exerts force
a
on the hloat
(action), the equal amount of force is exerted by the block on the earth k
(reachio
Similarly, block does action on the support through string. The equal ion).
reaction is exerted amount at
of
by support on the block (reaction).
Support

T
Action-Reaction
T

Action-Reaction
Earth
2 While walking, press the ground (action) with our feet slanted in the backward
we

direction. The ground exerts an equal and opposite force on us. The vertical com-
ponent of reaction force balances our weight and the horizontal component pro-
vides us forward motion.

F
F W
FH
R.YF, Ground
Narayana Group of Schools
 VI-Physics (ol- m) Olymplad Glase Work Book
Let us COnsider horse atarts
ulling the eart from reat and gaining speed
time. imund exerts w
foree on the horae, whone horiaontal
torce eNerted by the eomponent 1s
"
horae o n the cart in forvard direetion is T Cart exerts a lorce
T on the horse in
the backward direction. In
adedition to this, there is frictional
force on the wheels of the cart in backward directlon

We
V
W

Law of conservation of momentum:

According to this law, the total momentum of a system remains constant if no net

external force acts on the system.

That is, momentum of a system p = constant, if net cxternal force acting on it is

zero. (1.e., Fextenal 0)

Conservation of momentum from third law of motion:

of the bodies
If a number of bodies collide with one another the total momentum
collision.
just before collision is equal to the total momentum just after

Example: Let a moving ball collides with another stationary ball lying on a ground.
collision? The moving ball will slow down i.e., itss
Observe, what happens after
colliding with the stationary ball. On the other hand, the
velocity decreases after
to move i.e., its velocity increases after collision. We know,
stationary ball begins
momentum o f a body m a s s of the body x velocity of the body (i.e., p mv).

Therefore, the momentum of moving bal decreases after collision and the
momentum of the stationary ball increases after collision. Thus, we find that
when two balls collicde with each other, then moving ball loses momentum and
the stationary ball gains momentum. The loss of momentum of one ball is equal to

a i n of momentum of other ball. However, the total momentum of these

colliding
halls before and after the collision remains the same. This is the
law of conservatio-
of momentum.
 Book
Olympiad Class Work

Derivation:
m a s s e s n , and

Let us consider two marbles A

and B having
direction.
m, movina
noving with initial
u,) in the same
velocities, u, and u, (u, >

m m
m m
u,

A B A B

Before collision
At the collisior

V
m m

A B
After collision
After
collision, the two bodies move with velocities V, and in the same
as shown in v, direction
figure.
Momentum of body A before collision =

m,u
Momentum of body B before collision =

m,u,
Total momentum of
body A and B before collision
Similarly:
=

m, u, +m, u,

Momentum of body A after collision

Momentum of body B after collision
m,v =

=m,v,
Total momentum of
body A and B after collision
Suppose the two marbles collide with =m, v, +m, v,
each other for t'
The momentum of seconds.
marble A before and
after collision is
Change of momentum of body A m,u, and m,v,
during the collision
respectuvely =

The rate of m,v, m,u, -

change of momentum
during the collision of body A will be
changeof momentum m,v-m,u,_m, (V, -u
Time taken
Similarly, the rate of
change of
momentum of marble B will be

m,v,m,u,
t
m,(v,-u,)
t
If the force exerted by marble A on B is F and that
to Newton's 2nd law of motion, by B on A is
F,, then according
F ( -u,)
t (1) F = V2-u,)
t (2)

Narayana Group of Schools

 According to Newton's 3rd law of motion, the force exerted by marble A on B and
marble B on marble A are equal and opposite to each other.

F =-F2
m, (v, -u,) m,(V2 U2) m.v. - m,u, '2
m,v, + mv, m,u, + m , u , (or) m,u, + m,u, = m,v, + m,v2

i.e., total momentum before collision = total momentum after collision.

Note: If the two bodies stick together after collision, then they move witn

common velocity 'v', then m,u, + m , u , = m,v_ m,v V

m,u +m,u
m,+m2

Examples to illustrate the law of conservation of momentum:

with the help of
Recoil of a gun: We have already explained the recoil of a gun
Newton's third law of motion. However, the recoil of a gun can also be explained
with the help of the law of conservation of momentum.
a system. Thus, the system
is
The bullet inside the gun and the gun itself forms
the buliet are at rest. Therefore,
(gun + bullet). Before firing, the gun and
momentum of the system before firing is zero.

the forward direction with certain

When the bullet is fired, it leaves the gun in
momentum of the
on the system, so the
momentum. Since no external force acts
the gun
be zero after firing. This is possible only if
system (gun + bulletj must of the bullet. That is
momentum equal to the momentum
moves backward with a
backward.
why gun recoils or m o v e s
M m

E
Gun Bullet

backward after firing a bullet is known as

The velocity with which the gun moves

recoil velocity.
Calculation of Recoil Velocity of a gun:
velocity of the bullet after firing =
y;
of the bullet
=
m;
Let, mass

mass of the gun = M; recoil velocity of the gun after firing =

V

Since the system is at rest before firing.

Momentum of the system (gun + bullet) before firing = 0
Total momentum of the system (gun * bullet) after tiring is equal to momentum of

MV +mv
gun momentum of bullet
law of conservation of momentum,
According to the

rayana Group of Schools 25

 Olympiad Class Work Book

MV m = 0 MV =
-m or V =

direction of the velocity of the gun after firing is

Negative sign shows that the
opposite to the direction of the velocity of the bullet.

Action and reaction being equal and opposite and acting simultaneously for same
duration. have equal and opposite impulses. They produce equal and opposite
changes of momentum in the pair of bodies involved. It keeps the total momentum

of the two body system constant (conserved).

Impulsive Forc
A large force which acts for a small interval of time is called impulsive force

Impulse: Impulse of a force is defined as the change in momentum produced by

the given force and is equal to the product of force and the time for which it acts.

According to Newton's 2d law of motion,

F ma = m m mu » Ft =mi - mü

Impulsive force = change in momentumn.

Impulse is a vector quantity, whose direction is same as that of force.

Units of impulse:

SI unit of impulse is Ns or kg m/s

CGS unit of impulse is dyne second or gcm/s
Example:
1) The force with which a hammer strikes a nail.

2) The force with which a bat hits a cricket bal1.

WORKSHEET 04
CUQ
1 Action reaction forces act
1) on same body 2) on different bodies
3) along different 4) on same direction
2. A rocket works on the principle of_
1) Conservation of energy 2) Conservation of linear momentum
4) Conservation of force
3) Conservation of inertia

26 Narayana Group of Schoo

 =VIll - Physics (Vol - Il)= Olympiad Class Work Book=

into two equal parts and these parts will move

3. A cracker at rest explodes
in_

1) opposite direction with different velocities

2) same direction with different velocities

3) same direction with same velocities

4) opposite direction with same velocities

The principle of conservation of linear momentum states that, in a system
4.
it
1) cannot be changed

2) can be changed, if internal forces are act on it

3) can be changed, if external forces are act on it

4) all the above

5. Law of conservation of linear momentum i s

1) T laww 2) Imd law 3) IIIrd law 4) Inertia

Which of the following cannot be explained on the basis of Newtons IIrd law of
6.
motion?

1) Rowing a boat in a pond 2) Motion of jet in the sky

ball from wall 4) Returning back of body, thrown above

3) Rebounding of a

7. A canon, after firing recoils due to

1) Conservation of energy 2) Backward thrust of gases produced

3) Newton's first law of motion 4) Newton's third law of motion

boat in still water. If he walks towards the shore the
boat
8. A man is stan ing on a

will
Move away from the shore
2) Remain stationary
1)
4) sink
3) Move towards the shore

The forces of action and reaction have magnitude in_ _direction.

9
1) same, same
2) same, oppositee

3) opposite, samne
4) opposite, opposite

of action and reaction

10. The vector sum

2) is not equal to zero

is equal to zero
1)
may not be equal to zero 4) all of these
3) may or

27
Marayana Group of Schools
 JEE MAIN
LEVEL 1
Single Answer Choice Type:
1.
Swimming is possible by the
1) First law of motion 2) Second law of motion

3) Third law of motion 4) Newton's law of gravitation

2 When we jump out of a boat standing in water, it moves

1) Backward 2) Forward 3) Sideways 4) Sink

3 A Weighing machine records 35kg when a boy stands on it. The
he reaction
machine on the boy is_ reaction of the
1) 0 kg-wt 2) 35 kg-wt
3) 70 kg-wt 4) Data is insufficient
A jet plane flies in air because_
1) The thrust of the jet
compensates the force of gravity
2) The weight of air whose volume is
than the equal to the volume of the plane is more
weight of the plane
3) The flow of air around the
the force of
wings causes an
upward force which
gravity compensates
4) The gravity does not act on bodies moving with
high speed
JEE MAIN
5. When we kick a stone, we
LEVEL 2
get hurt. It is due to_
1) Velocity 2) Momentum
6.
3) Inertia 4) Reaction
On a
stationary sail boat, air is blown from fan
will a
attached to the boat. The boa
1) Remain stationary
2) Spin around
3) Move in a direction
opposite to that in which air is blown
4) Move in the direction in which
the air is blown
7. A man is at rest
beside a space station
the man). He can (there is
get himself to the space station
no
rope between the station
law. by making use of an
Newton's
1) First
2) Second 3) Third
8.
8. Action and reaction forces 4) All of these
act on
the
1) same body
2) different bodies
3) horizontal surface
4) nothing can be said
28

INarayana Group of Sch

 Vll- Physics (Vol -)- Olympiad Class Work Book

JEE MAIN LEVEL 3

A sphere of mass 3kg having a velocity of 4ms ' hits another sphere of mass 4kg
9.
moving with a velocity of 2ms ' in the opposite direction. After the collision, they

stick each other and move with common velocity. Their total initial momentum of
the system is_

1) 4x10 kgms' 2) 4kgmns 3) 4x10 kgms 4) 4 10kgms

10. body of mass 100 kg moving straight line with a velocity of 30 m/s, noves in
opposite direction with a velocity of 20 m/s after hitting a wal1. What is its
magnitude of impulse?

1) 6000 Ns 2) 5000 Ns 3) 4000 Ns 4) 3000 Ns

11. A hammer of mass 2.5kg moving with a speed of 1 m/s strikes the head of a nail

driving in 10cm into the wall. Find the impulse. (in N - s)

1) 2.5 2) 3.3 3) 4.4 4) 8.8

JEE MAIN LEVEL-44

12. A bullet of mass 'a', velocity b' is fired into a large block of wood of mass 'c' which
is at rest. After that both the block of wood and bullet move with a common
velocity v, then v is

2 a+C b
a +b 3)
4)ab
13. A body of mass 2kg moving with uniform velocity of 40 m/s collides with another
body at rest. If the two bodies move together with a velocity of 25 m/s, mass of the
other body is_

1) 0.6 kg 2) 0.9 kg 3) 1.2 kg 4) 1.5 kg

14 Five bodies of masses m, 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m are moving with velocities
V, 2V, 3V,
4V, 5V in the same direction collide among themselves and stick
together. Their
common velocity is

11V 22V
1) ms 2) 3 ms
3) ms 22
3 4)ms
Narayana Group ofSchools 29
 Olympiad Class Work Book

JEE MAIN LEVEL s

with common velceis..
after collision, then they
move
If two bodies stick together
m,u +m,U2
v then, mmj +m^u, m,v+m,vV=
=

m +m2

with a velocity of 2m/s colides.

15. A railway engine of mass 10,000kg moving
both m o v e with the same velocity Th
wagon of 20,000 kg at rest. After collision, n
the common velocity is_

1) 0.9 m/s 2) 0.8 m/s 3) 0.5 m/s 4) 0.66 m/s

16. 5 bullets each of mass 200gm are fired with a velocity of 10ms into a block of
mass 3kg at rest in quick succession. If the bullets are embedded in it, the block
moves with a velocity of

1) 10ms 2) 20ms 3) 2.5ms 4) 2ms

17. A railway wagon of mass 103 kg is moving with a velocity of 0.5ms beneath a

stationary coal dumper. When 2x10 kg of coal is dropped into it, then the velocity
of the wagon would be_

1) 0.333ms 2) 0.233ms 3) 0.133ms 4) 0.167ms

JEE ADVANCED LEVEL 1

18. A neutron of mass 1.67x10 kg moving with a speed of 3x10 ms collides

with a deuteron of mass 3.34x 10 kg at rest. After collision they both stick
together and form a triton. Velocity of triton is_

1) 10ms 2) 101°mns 3) 10 ms 4) 10' ms

Matrix Match Type:

19. Column - I Column - I

a) Impulse p) Dimensional formula is [MLT']

b) Momentum g) Area of force time graph

c) Body is at rest r) Quantity of motion

d) Force sLinear momentum is zero

t) Rate of change of momentum

Narayana Group of Schools

 V-Physies (Vol -)- Olymplad Class Work Book

DEE ADVANCED LEVEL-283

Multi Correct Choice Type:
A ttck of mass 500 kg moving at 4 n/s collides with another truck of mass 1500 kg
moving n the same direction at 2 m/s. What is their common velocity just after
tthe collision it they move together?
1)2 m/ 2) 2.5 m/s 3) 3 m/s 4) 3.5 m/s
Two boiies having equal mass and equal velocity are approaching cach other,
Then the common velocity atter collision is

2) V 3) 2V 4) 3V

22. A raiway truck of mass 2x 100 kg travelling at 0.5m/s collides with another of

half its mass moving in the opposite direction with a velocity of 0.4 m/s. If the
trucks couple automatically on collision, the common velocity after collision
is
1)0.1 m/s 2) 0.3 m/s 3) 0.47 m/s 4) 0.2 m/s

JEE ADVANCED LEVEL-4&5

Single Answer Choice Type:

23. If force on a rocket having exhaust velocity of 300m/s is 210 N, then rate of
combustion of the fuel i s

1)0.7 kg/s 2) 1.4 kg/s 3) 0.07 kg/s 4) 10.7 kg/s

24. A bullet of mass 20g is fired from a rifle of mass 8kg with a velocity of 100m/s.
The velocity of recoil of the rifle is
1)-0.25 m/s 2) 25 m/s 3) 2.5 m/s 4) 250 m/s

Multi Correct Choice Type:

25. Wind with a velocity 72 km/h blows normally against one of the walls of a house
with an area of 100 m . Then (density of air is 1.2kgm")

1) Force exerted on the wall, if the air moves parallel to wall after striking is
48000N
2) Force exerted on the wall, if the air moves parallel to wall after striking is
96000N

3) Force exerted on the wall, if the air moves parallel to wall after striking is
38000N
4) Force exerted on the wall, if the air moves parallel to wall after striking is
42000N

roupofSdhools 31