This document contains 4 homework problems related to heat and mass transfer:
1) Determining the power required to heat a car window and the effect of vehicle speed and ambient temperature.
2) Calculating if water in a section of pipe will freeze over night given ambient conditions.
3) Modeling heat loss from an insulated liquid oxygen storage container and comparing insulation strategies.
4) Analyzing temperature distributions in a composite wall with internal heat generation.
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hmt22 hw3
This document contains 4 homework problems related to heat and mass transfer:
1) Determining the power required to heat a car window and the effect of vehicle speed and ambient temperature.
2) Calculating if water in a section of pipe will freeze over night given ambient conditions.
3) Modeling heat loss from an insulated liquid oxygen storage container and comparing insulation strategies.
4) Analyzing temperature distributions in a composite wall with internal heat generation.
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KMM305E - HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER – FALL 2022
HOMEWORK 3 Due Date: October 18, 2022
1. The rear window of an automobile is defogged by attaching a thin, transparent, film-type heating element to its inner surface. By electrically heating this element, a uniform heat flux may be established at the inner surface. a) Represent this system by a thermal circuit, labeling all the thermal resistances and temperatures. b) For 4-mm-thick window glass, determine the electrical power required per unit window area to maintain an inner surface temperature of 15C when the interior air temperature and convection coefficient are T ,i = 25C and hi = 10 W/m2K, while the exterior (ambient) air temperature and convection coefficient are T ,o = 10C and ho = 65 W/m2K. c) Calculate the inner surface temperature when the heating element is broken (i.e. no heating) for the same T ,o and ho . Compare your result to that of part (a). d) In practice T ,o and ho vary according to weather conditions and car speed. How does the vehicle speed affect the need for heater operation? How is this conclusion affected by the value of T ,o ?
2. (Last year’s midterm exam question) The plumbing system of a house
involves a 0.5 m section of a plastic pipe ( k = 0.16 W/mK) of inner diameter 2 cm and outer diameter 2.4 cm exposed to the ambient air. During a cold and windy night, the ambient air tempeature remains at about -5C for a period of 14 h. The combined convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient on the outer surface of the pipe is estimated to be 40 W/m2K and the heat of fusion of water is 333.7 kJ/kg. Assuming the pipe to contain initially stationary water at 0C, determine if the water in that section of the pipe will completely freeze that night. 3. Liquid oxygen, which has a boiling point of 90 K and a latent heat of vaporization of 214 kJ/kg, is stored in a spherical container whose outer surface is of 500-mm diameter and at a temperature of 10C. To reduce oxygen loss due to vaporization, the container is covered with an insulation blanket comprised of two different materials, A and B. The interface between the two materials may be assumed to have an infinite contact resistance, and the entire outer surface is exposed to air at 300 K and h = 25 W/m2K. a) Sketch the thermal circuit of the system. Label all pertinent nodes and resistances. b) For the prescribed conditions, what is the total oxygen loss from the container? What are the outer surface temperatures Ts ,2( A) and Ts ,2( B ) ? c) The insulation material B is 10 times more expensive than material A. In order to reduce the insulation cost, an engineer suggests to use only the cheaper material for the whole sphere but double the insulation thickness. Calculate the percent change in oxygen loss? Comment on the suitability of the suggestion. 4. Consider a plane composite wall that is composed of three materials (materials A, B, and C are arranged left to right) of thermal conductivities k A = 0.24 W/mK, k B = 0.13 W/mK, and kC = 0.50 W/mK. The thicknesses of the three sections of the wall are LA = 20 mm, LB = 13 mm, and LC = 20 mm. A contact resistance of Rt,c = 10-2 m2K/W exists at the interface between materials A and B, as well as at the interface between materials B and C. The left face of the composite wall is insulated, while the right face is exposed to convective conditions characterized by h = 10 W/m2K, T = 20C. For Case 1, thermal energy is generated within material A at the rate q A = 5000 W/m3. For Case 2, thermal energy is generated within material C at the rate qC = 5000 W/m3. a) Determine the maximum temperature within the composite wall for Case 1at steady-state conditions. b) Sketch the steady-state temperature distribution for Case 1 and Case 2 on T x coordinates. c) Determine the maximum temperature within the composite wall for Case 2.